Diesel smoke transient control using a real-time smoke sensor

A novel real time smoke sensor is described, which is mounted in the exhaust manifold and detects the smoke by virtue of the natural electrical charge which is carried on the smoke. The somewhat obscure origin of the charge on the smoke is briefly considered, as well as the operation of the sensor itself. The use of the sensor as part of a feedback control shows that it can be very effective in reducing smoke puffs. Copyright © 1987 Society of Automotive Engineers, Inc.

Frequency locked micro disk resonator for real time and precise monitoring of refractive index.

We experimentally demonstrate a frequency modulation locked servo loop, locked to a resonance line of an on-chip microdisk resonator in a silicon nitride platform. By using this approach, we demonstrate real-time monitoring of refractive index variations with a precision approaching 10(-7) RIU, using a moderate Q factor of 10(4). The approach can be applied for intensity independent, dynamic and precise index of refraction monitoring for biosensing applications.

100 Gb/s PAM4-CAP2 real-time modulation of a single optical source for next-generation datacommunication links

100 Gb/s PAM4-CAP2 modulation is demonstrated for next-generation datacommunication links. Simulation studies indicate a power budget advantage of 2.5 dBo relative to PAM8 modulation. A real-time experimental demonstration is performed. © OSA 2014.