Justino presenta la divinidad de Cristo ante judíos y paganos

Resumen: El autor nos ofrece una rápida visión de la Trinidad en Justino, fruto de una larga investigación. Resume primero el camino del Diálogo, donde Justino atribuye las teofanías del Antiguo Testamento al Logos. Este Dios es numéricamente distinto del Padre Creador del universo, pero está por debajo de él. En las Apologías, en cambio, se confronta con el paganismo y el platonismo: ubica al Logos en el segundo lugar, y al Espíritu en el Tercero. El Hijo, unigénito, es engendrado por el Padre antes de las creaturas, sin dividirlo, sino como un fuego enciende a otro fuego. El Padre todo lo hace por medio de él. Poco alude a la actividad propia del Espíritu profético. Estos dos caminos confluyen en una cierta inferioridad del Hijo respecto al Padre, la que es típica de diversos Padres prenicenos. Los perversos demonios han perseguido a todos los que, como Sócrates, han vivido según el Logos. Platón copió a Moisés sin entenderlo del todo. La cruz del Hijo es cósmica. Jesús es el maestro crucificado

La distruzione delle statue di Pausania nella Sparta tardoantica (Lib. Ep. 1518)

Abstract: The late antique destruction of two bronze statues of Pausanias - the Spartan general responsible for the Greek victory at the Battle of Plataea (479 BC) - housed in the temple of Athena Chalkioikos in Sparta (Lib. Ep. 1518), has been interpreted as one of the few cases of a violent conflict between pagan and Christian population in Greece. Nevertheless the sources suggest that late antique Sparta was a bastion of Hellenic paganism and give a picture of a small and quiet town ruled by a pagan educated élite, where pagans like Libanius wanted to live. Since there is no evidence of a violent conflict between pagans and Christians in Sparta, and Libanius confirms that in 365 AD all the temples and cult statues were still in place, this paper addresses the issue from a different point of view and offers a new contribution to the history of Sparta in Late Antiquity. By using literary, archaeological and epigraphic evidence the paper explores: 1) the relationship between Roman administration and Spartan élite in the IVth century AD; 2) the historical memory of Pausanias in Late Antiquity. It will be emphasized that the obscure burning of the two statues helped to remove from Sparta the memory of Pausanias - a controversial figure, misrepresented in Late Antiquity and connected to the ancient staseis in Laconia - in order to promote a positive image of Sparta as a city without conflicts and ruled by the political system of Lycurgus (eunomia). As documented by local inscriptions in praise of late Roman governors, the mythical lawgiver Lycurgus was the paradigm of the imperial governors who rebuilded the town in the IVth cent. AD. It can be assumed that while Rome, Constantinople, Antioch and Athens were troubled by political and religious violence or by seditions between different factions, Sparta aimed to revive its traditional model of civic order in the new historical context of Late Antiquity.

Fenomenología del quehacer mágico: su evolución en la literatura caballeresca castellana

Integran este número de la revista ponencias presentadas en Studia Hispanica Medievalia VIII: Actas de las IX Jornadas Internacionales de Literatura Española Medieval, 2008, y de Homenaje al Quinto Centenario de Amadis de Gaula