Biblical evidence from Obadiah and Psalm 137 for an Edomite treaty betrayal of Judah in the sixth century B.C.E.

Abstract: Focusing on Obadiah and Psalm 137, this article provides biblical evidence for an Edomite treaty betrayal of Judah during the Babylonian crisis ca. 588–586 B.C.E. After setting a context that includes the use of treaties in the ancient Near East to establish expectations for political relationships and the likelihood that Edom could operate as a political entity in the Judahite Negev during the Babylonian assault, this article demonstrates that Obadiah’s poetics include a density of inverted form and content (a reversal motif) pointing to treaty betrayal. Obadiah’s modifications of Jeremiah 49, a text with close thematic and terminological parallels, evidence an Edomite treaty betrayal of Judah. Moreover, the study shows that Obadiah is replete with treaty allusions. A study of Psalm 137 in comparison with Aramaic treaty texts from Sefire reveals that this difficult psalm also evidences a treaty betrayal by Edom and includes elements appropriate for treaty curses. The article closes with a discussion of piecemeal data from a few other biblical texts, a criticism of the view that Edom was innocent during the Babylonian crisis, and a suggestion that this treaty betrayal may have contributed to the production of some anti-Edom biblical material.

Salamanca, de poblado a ciudad : aproximación histórica a su origen, configuración y desarrollo sociourbanístico antes de la invasión musulmana

Resumen: En este artículo se aborda el origen, configuración y evolución urbana de Salamanca durante las ocupaciones soteña, celtibérica, romana y visigoda, comprendidas entre el siglo VII a.C., Primera Edad del Hierro, y la invasión musulmana de principios del siglo VIII d.C. La principal base documental la constituyen informes de las numerosas excavaciones arqueológicas, en su gran mayoría inéditos depositados en el Museo Provincial, realizadas a partir del año 1984 tanto en el cerro de San Vicente, núcleo germinal de la ciudad, como en el cerro de las Catedrales, núcleo de consolidación definitiva de Salamanca.