Toward a new synthesis of the god of Edom and Yahweh

This article deals primarily with two things: 1) the history and nature of the Edomite deity Qos, as far as these can be determined from the known archaeological and textual evidence, and 2) the similarities between Qos and Yahweh, the god of Israel, particularly in regard to the theories concerning the origins of the deities. Through the article I will consider some of the recent suggestions concerning the origin of Qos and how this may relate to the origin of Yahweh. I will suggest that both deities originated in the northwestern portion of the Arabian Peninsula and, that ultimately, the mutual origin of the deities accounts for the fact that the Bible makes no reference to Qos as the god of Edom.

Some implications of the volcanic theophany of YHWH on his primeval identity

Abstract: YHWH’s theophany and mode of action are frequently evoked in the Bible as a volcanic event. It is shown here that this representation, of central importance in the story of the Sinai Covenant, is probably not anchored in any specific volcanic eruption experienced by the Israelites in the past. In Antiquity, volcanic activity was specifically associated with the gods who patronized metallurgy, given the homology between lava flowing from a volcano and slag released from a furnace at smelting. Evidence towards such a link is also identified in the Bible. Accordingly, rather than being simply a literary artifice imaging the outstanding powers of YHWH, volcanism may reflect the existence of metallurgical roots in Israelite theology. This contention is supported by Biblical evidences associating YHWH with metal production: (i) his primeval dominion in mining areas, (ii) his special worship by metalworkers, (iii) the representation of his celestial universe as a giant furnace. It is concluded that the volcanic representation of YHWH’s theophany and mode of action reveal a surprising level of preservation of the metallurgic religious traditions in the ancient Israelite theology.

Un testigo directo de las tensiones religiosas en la Alejandría de los siglos IV y V D.C. : Páladas de Alejandría en la Antología Palatina

Abstract: Although he is the most prolific writer of the Greek Anthology, Palladas’ life is almost unknown. But, in spite of the limited biographical data, his work has fortunately been preserved in the GA. Because of his literary creation, the old times rewarded him with the nickname Μετέωρος, high, since the literary merits of a hundred poems of his authorship was recognized (others are discussed by critics). A dozen of them contains invaluable information about the political, religious and social situation in Alexandria immediately after the victory of the bishop Theophilus, Cyril’s predecessor and uncle, during the conflict between Christians and Gentiles, each sector backed up by an Alexandrian population segment (cfr. 9.528, 10.82, 10.85) . Resigned at times, constantly demanding, Palladas complains about the decline of the belief professed by him due to the increasing penetration of the new faith. Therefore, four epigrams record the conversion of the temple of Tyche into a tavern (9.180-183) and 10.90 seems to attack the doctrine of the Resurrection. When religion and politics go hand-in-hand, when religious conspiracies link up with palace intrigues, consequences are predictable: a man called Doroteo denounced him for his negative response to the new dogma, which caused him the loss of his teacher paid work. His annoyance was even greater with further sufferings, chiefly economic, and he had to sell his books (9.171 and 9.175) among other desperate decisions Forewarned about his radical bitterness against Church, it is just to make clear that he is not fully acquiescent with ancient gods and heroes. Thus, in 5.257 he questions Zeus’ ars amandi, in 9.377 refutes Tantalus’ possibility of thirst and hunger in Hades and 9.773 mischievously points out that Eros has been changed into a pan. The work begins with the selection, personal translation and comprehensive analysis of twenty two epigrams. Through such philological aid, we attempt to verify the frictions and the main perceptible factors in his poetic creation to justify his worldview, according to the pagan sentiment widespread in that time before the twilight already overwhelming of its ailing traditions

Santo Tomás y el gnosticismo

El siglo segundo de nuestra época se caracterizó por una cierta complacencia en la grandeza de la civilización romana, en su poder y la seguridad que ofrecía. Era un tiempo de prosperidad; se fundaron escuelas en diversas ciudades de las provincias del imperio. El emperador Marco Aurelio estableció en Atenas una universidad internacional con cuatro cátedras, una para cada una de las cuatro grandes escuelas de filosofía. Hubo también un renacimiento de los estudios de medicina, de astronomía y de óptica. Pero, por otra parte, los estudios no se caracterizaban por su originalidad. Apenas se produjeron ideas verdaderamente nuevas. Pero, en cuanto a la vida religiosa se podía observar un interés mayor en la religión, sobre todo en el deseo de hacer una experiencia personal de lo que se pensaba que era lo divino. La religión imperial exigía solamente una cierta lealtad y presentaba una mezcla de dioses de los que no se sabía bien qué eran y, mientras que los filósofos no daban explicaciones satisfactorias de las cuestiones sobre la naturaleza de la divinidad, la gente iba a buscar respuestas en otra parte y estaba deseosa de revelaciones...

De Rebus Antiquis, 2015, año 5, nº 5 (número completo)

Contenido: La doble imagen de la moralidad de Augusto / Juan Luis Posadas -- La instrumentalización del mito : aspectos sobre el colapso de las oligarquías dorias en el Peloponeso arcaico / Dante Avalle -- Dioses griegos en tiempos cristianos : poemas-ofrendas de Agacias Escolástico en Antología Palatina 6 / Elbia Haydée Difabio -- Observaciones sobre el alcance de la stásis en la praxis y la teoría política griega antigua / Juan Pablo Ramis -- Reminiscências de Alexandria e Antônio : o percurso de Germánico César na provincia do Egito durante o Principado de Tibério César (14-34 d.c.) / Rafael da Costa Campos -- La construcción político-social del βάρβαρος en el mundo helénico : los símbolos y/o signos identitarios que condujeron a la construcción del "nosotros" helénico / Graciela Gómez Aso -- Reseñas bibliográficas