Impossibilit�� di pensare Dio non esistente : il Proslogion di Anselmo d'Aosta come applicazione implicita dei moderni procedimenti di logica aletica

Resumen: La vera intenzione teologica di Anselmo d���Aosta nello scrivere il Proslogion e il vero significato del suo celebre unum argumentum vanno visti nella funzione che la ragione svolge necessariamente all���interno della vita di fede del cristiano. Anselmo, come Tommaso d���Aquino, non sostiene che l���esistenza di Dio sia un ���articulus fidei��� ma piuttosto uno dei ���praeambula fidei���. La ragione naturale ha la certezza che Dio esiste, ancora prima della dimostrazione metafisica, e questo non fa che confermare l���assurdit�� di pensare che non esista il fondamento reale di tutte le cose esistenti.

La distruzione delle statue di Pausania nella Sparta tardoantica (Lib. Ep. 1518)

Abstract: The late antique destruction of two bronze statues of Pausanias - the Spartan general responsible for the Greek victory at the Battle of Plataea (479 BC) - housed in the temple of Athena Chalkioikos in Sparta (Lib. Ep. 1518), has been interpreted as one of the few cases of a violent conflict between pagan and Christian population in Greece. Nevertheless the sources suggest that late antique Sparta was a bastion of Hellenic paganism and give a picture of a small and quiet town ruled by a pagan educated ��lite, where pagans like Libanius wanted to live. Since there is no evidence of a violent conflict between pagans and Christians in Sparta, and Libanius confirms that in 365 AD all the temples and cult statues were still in place, this paper addresses the issue from a different point of view and offers a new contribution to the history of Sparta in Late Antiquity. By using literary, archaeological and epigraphic evidence the paper explores: 1) the relationship between Roman administration and Spartan ��lite in the IVth century AD; 2) the historical memory of Pausanias in Late Antiquity. It will be emphasized that the obscure burning of the two statues helped to remove from Sparta the memory of Pausanias - a controversial figure, misrepresented in Late Antiquity and connected to the ancient staseis in Laconia - in order to promote a positive image of Sparta as a city without conflicts and ruled by the political system of Lycurgus (eunomia). As documented by local inscriptions in praise of late Roman governors, the mythical lawgiver Lycurgus was the paradigm of the imperial governors who rebuilded the town in the IVth cent. AD. It can be assumed that while Rome, Constantinople, Antioch and Athens were troubled by political and religious violence or by seditions between different factions, Sparta aimed to revive its traditional model of civic order in the new historical context of Late Antiquity.

Escritura y tradici��n : Karl Rahner en el ���primer conflicto doctrinal��� del Vaticano II

Resumen: En 2012 se cumplen 50 a��os del inicio del Concilio Vaticano II, inaugurado por el Papa Juan XXIII el 11 de octubre de 1962. Es un dato reconocido el importante papel que desarrollaron muchos te��logos a lo largo de los diversos debates conciliares. Entre ellos destaca la figura de K. Rahner. Su principal contribuci��n se dirigi�� a los asuntos eclesiol��gicos. Menos conocido es su aporte a los debates que, iniciados en octubre de 1962, conducir��an, reci��n en 1965, a la aprobaci��n de la Constituci��n Dei Verbum. Luego de una breve introducci��n, me detengo, en primer lugar, en el informe que Rahner prepar�� en noviembre de 1962 en contra del Esquema preparatorio, De fontibus revelationis. En un segundo momento, describo otro texto, el llamado ���Esquema Rahner ��� Ratzinger���, elaborado en la misma ��poca, pensado como un texto alternativo al oficial. En tercer lugar, destaco algunas ideas centrales de una conferencia de Rahner de 1963, titulada ���Escritura y Tradici��n���. Finalmente, analizo el n��mero noveno de Dei Verbum que, como se advertir��, muestra que las posiciones b��blico-sistem��ticas de Rahner se direccionaban en el sentido de la llamada mayor��a conciliar.