Développement des méthodes de stabilisation pour la conception des circuits hyperfréquences : application à l'optimisation d'un amplificateur de puissance spatial

209 p. : graf.

Rapid determination of total CLA concentration in beef fat

[EN]Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) has many potential healthful properties, and beef is naturally enriched with CLA. Simple and rapid methods to measure total CLA were investigated to enable sorting of beef carcasses with potential enhanced economic value. Direct alcohol extraction combined with measuring absorbance was simple, accurate and perhaps the most viable method for rapid carcass sorting compared to methods using saponification or methylation followed by extraction.

Survey of the fatty acid composition of Canadian beef: Backfat and longissimus lumborum muscle

[EN]A survey of Canadian retail beef was undertaken with emphasis on the trans fatty acid (TFA) and conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) isomers, and compared with current health recommendations. Thirty striploin steaks were collected in the winter and summer from major grocery stores in Calgary (Alberta, Canada). Steak fatty acid compositions (backfat and longissimus lumborum muscle analysed separately) showed minor seasonal differences with lower total saturates (PB0.05) and higher total monounsaturates (PB 0.01) in winter, but no differences in total polyunsaturated fatty acids. The ratio of n-6 and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid in longissimus lumborum averaged 5.8. The average TFA content in longissimus lumborum was 0.128 g 100 g_1 serving size, and 10t-18:1 was found to be the predominant isomer (32% of total trans), while vaccenic acid was second most abundant (15% of total trans). The CLA content in longissimus lumborum was similar to that of backfat, ranging from 0.43 to 0.60% of total fatty acids and rumenic acid represented 60% of total isomers. Overall, there is still room for improvement in the saturated, mono- and polyunsaturated fatty acid composition of Canadian beef to meet general dietary guidelines for human consumption and additional targets should include reducing 10t-18:1 while increasing both rumenic and vaccenic acids.

Evaluation of wheat or corn dried distillers' grains with solubles on performance and carcass characteristics of feedlot steers

[EN]A study was conducted on crossbred steers (n=275; 376±924 kg) to evaluate performance and carcass quality of cattle fed wheat or corn dried distillers’ grains with solubles (DDGS). The control ration contained 86.6% rolled barley grain, 5.7% supplement and 7.7% barley silage (DM basis). The four treatments included replacement of barley grain at 20 or 40% of the diet (DM basis) with wheat or corn DDGS. Steers were slaughtered at a common end weight of 645 kg with 100 steers randomly (n=20 per treatment) selected for determination of the retail yield of sub-primal boneless boxed beef (SPBBB). Data were analyzed as a completely randomized design using pen as the experimental unit. Feeding increasing levels of wheat DDGS led to a quadratic increase in dry matter intake (DMI) (P<0.01), whereas increasing levels of corn DDGS led to a quadratic decrease in DMI (P=0.01). Average daily gain was not influenced (P=0.13) by feeding wheat or corn DDGS, but cattle fed corn DDGS exhibited a quadratic increase (P=0.01) in gain:feed. As a result, a quadratic increase (P<0.01) in calculated NEg of the diet was observed as corn DDGS levels increased. A linear decrease (P=0.04) in days on feed (169, 166 and 154 d) was noted when increasing levels of wheat DDGS (0, 20 and 40%) were fed. Dressing percentage increased in a linear fashion with wheat DDGS (P<0.01) inclusion level and in a quadratic fashion (P=0.01) as corn DDGS inclusion level increased although other carcass traits were not affected (P=0.10) by treatment. The results indicate that replacement of barley grain with corn or wheat DDGS up to 40% of the diet (DM) can lead to superior performance (improved gain:feed or reduced days on feed, respectively) with no detrimental effect on quality grade or carcass SPBBB yield.

Experiencia, pragmatismo y líneas de actuación comunes, bases del nuevo modelo de desarrollo rural del País Vasco

[ES] En el año 1998 el País Vasco pone en marcha un modelo de desarrollo rural fundamentado en la colaboración entre administraciones locales y regionales frente a la dependencia de las subvenciones comunitarias. Con objeto de la necesaria renovación de los Planes Comarcales se produce una reflexión sobre los errores cometidos y se plantean diferentes alternativas que quedan recogidas en unas propuestas metodológicas que van a primar planteamientos inductivos, prácticos y ejecutables y un modo de funcionar que permite llegar con facilidad de la propuesta local a la puesta en común regional. Como resultado obtenemos una interesante propuesta de desarrollo, a tener en cuenta, en un momento en el que muchas Comunidades Autónomas han de reorganizar sus redes de desarrollo rural ante la anunciada reducción de aportaciones comunitarias.

León y caballo: Georges lLaplace. El yin y el yang de un prehistoriador inolvidable

Homenaje a Georges Laplace, realizado en Vitoria-Gasteiz el 13,14 y 15 de noviembre de 2012. Edición a cargo de Aitor Calvo, Aitor Sánchez, Maite García-Rojas y Mónica Alonso-Eguíluz.

Museos y parques naturales: comunidades locales, administraciones públicas y patrimonialización de la cultura y la naturaleza

Cap. 1. Patrimonialización cultural y natural: un proceso, múltiples aproximaciones. Cap. 2. Comment un musée de ville peut-il être au service des citoyens? Un parcours et quelques pistes d’action. Jean-François Leclerc. Cap. 3. Los museos comunitarios de Kuna Yala y la memoria histórica. Anelio Merry López Cap. 4. Turismo y museos en la ciudad de Valencia. Javier Martí. Cap. 5. La Red de Museos Etnográficos de Asturias: proyecto y realidad. Juaco López Álvarez. Cap. 6. Culturas campesinas y conservación del patrimonio natur-rural. Jaime Izquierdo. Cap. 7. Faire et savoir faire un « territoire patrimonial » : Parc naturel régional du Haut-Jura (France). Olivier Givre. Cap. 8. Espacios naturales y especies salvajes. La construcción de la naturaleza como patrimonio en el Pallars Sobirà, Pirineo catalán. Oriol Beltran e Ismael Vaccaro. Cap. 9. L’histoire au cœur de la cité : l’exemple du laboratoire d’histoire et de patrimoine de Montréal. Joanne Burgess.

La evaluación de los úrsidos en medios karsticos de la Cornisa Cantábrica

681 p.

Ezagutzaren dinamika Ikas Komunitateetan

[EUS] Laurogeita hamarreko hamarkadan, Eusko Jaurlaritzako Berriztapen Pedagogikoaren Zuzendaritzak eta Bartzelonako Unibertsitateko CREA (Gizarte eta Heziketarako Ikerkuntza Zentroa) ikerkuntza-taldeak Ikas Komunitateen proiektua jarri zuten martxan, elkarlanean, Euskal Autonomia Erkidegoko lau zentrotan. Zentro horiek hezkuntza-proiektu berri bat abiatzeko bidea ematen dute; izan ere, porrot akademiko handia izatearren hautatu dira, ikasle-taldeen aniztasunaren egoerari heltzeko arazo ugari dituztelako edota dauden lekuetan gizarte-bazterkeriarekin loturiko arazo anitz daudelako. Aldi berean, proiektuak eraldaketa proposatzen du, bai eskolarena, baita inguruarena ere, eta, horretarako, eskolako partaide guztiak hartzen ditu kontuan. Emaitza onak ikusi ostean, eta, hezkuntza-berriztapenaren alorrean lehentasuna izanik, ekimena zabaltzen hasi zen hastapeneko zentroez bestelako ezaugarri sozioedukatiboak dituzten eskoletara ere. Esperientzia berritzaile horiek aurrera eramateko gogo handiz agertu ziren, baita ere, «praktika on»en paradigma ez zirenak, eta, emaitzei begiratzen badiegu, dirudienez, etekin onak lortzen ari dira zentroetan. Ikas Komunitateen proiektuak berekin daraman gaitasun eraldatzaileak egokitzeko berezko ahala erakusten du. Egokitzapen horretan, eskolaren —inguruarekin batera— eta proiektuaren arteko sinbiosia lortzen da, hezkuntzako arrakasta- ekintzak sustatuz.