Modelling and Simulation of ERTMS for Current and Future Mobile Technologies

Nowadays, train control in-lab simulation tools play a crucial role in reducing extensive and expensive on-site railway testing activities. In this paper, we present our contribution in this arena by detailing the internals of our European Railway Train Management System in-lab demonstrator. This demonstrator is built over a general-purpose simulation framework, Riverbed Modeler, previously Opnet Modeler. Our framework models both ERTMS subsystems, the Automatic Train Protection application layer based on movement authority message exchange and the telecommunication subsystem based on GSM-R communication technology. We provide detailed information on our modelling strategy. We also validate our simulation framework with real trace data. To conclude, under current industry migration scenario from GSM-R legacy obsolescence to IP-based heterogeneous technologies, our simulation framework represents a singular tool to railway operators. As an example, we present the assessment of related performance indicators for a specific railway network using a candidate replacement technology, LTE, versus current legacy technology. To the best of our knowledge, there is no similar initiative able to measure the impact of the telecommunication subsystem in the railway network availability.

Acercamiento al modelo federal y crisis del estado autonómico

El objeto del presente trabajo pasa por el estudio de dos cuestiones. Por un lado, el conocimiento del federalismo como sistema político de organización territorial del poder dentro del Estado. Para ello, comenzaremos viendo unos conceptos básicos e imprescindibles para situarnos en el modelo federal, así como su origen y desarrollo histórico, para posteriormente hacer un análisis de las líneas generales del sistema federal alemán. Por otro lado, contemplaremos la que consideramos crisis del modelo autonómico español, haciendo una oportuna comparación con el sistema federal, para finalizar reflexionando sobre las propuestas y reformas posibles ante tal realidad.