Los derechos de las niñas, niños y adolescentes en situación de desahucio. El caso de Gipuzkoa

[ES] La crisis económica ha agravado la situación de pobreza y precariedad en las familias españolas y vascas. Ejemplo de ello es el aumento de las familias que han sufrido o están sufriendo un proceso de desahucio. Con esta investigación, además de contextualizar este fenómeno de la pérdida de vivienda, queremos analizar los derechos de la infancia que se vulneran; cómo actúan los distintos agentes encargados de salvaguardar los derechos humanos de las/os menores cuando éstos están inmersos en un proceso de desahucio. En el marco teórico exponemos el fenómeno del desahucio de los derechos de la infancia. La metodología utilizada es cualitativa, y para ello nos basaremos en entrevistas en profundidad y semi-estructuradas a diferentes agentes implicados (dos familias que están viviendo un proceso de desahucio, dos abogadas y una trabajadora social). A partir de las conclusiones del estudio, hemos elaborado unas propuestas de mejora de la situación de las y los menores y la defensa de sus derechos.

Semi-automatic generation of learning domain modules for technology supported learning systems

In a time when Technology Supported Learning Systems are being widely used, there is a lack of tools that allows their development in an automatic or semi-automatic way. Technology Supported Learning Systems require an appropriate Domain Module, ie. the pedagogical representation of the domain to be mastered, in order to be effective. However, content authoring is a time and effort consuming task, therefore, efforts in automatising the Domain Module acquisition are necessary.Traditionally, textbooks have been used as the main mechanism to maintain and transmit the knowledge of a certain subject or domain. Textbooks have been authored by domain experts who have organised the contents in a means that facilitate understanding and learning, considering pedagogical issues.Given that textbooks are appropriate sources of information, they can be used to facilitate the development of the Domain Module allowing the identification of the topics to be mastered and the pedagogical relationships among them, as well as the extraction of Learning Objects, ie. meaningful fragments of the textbook with educational purpose.Consequently, in this work DOM-Sortze, a framework for the semi-automatic construction of Domain Modules from electronic textbooks, has been developed. DOM-Sortze uses NLP techniques, heuristic reasoning and ontologies to fulfill its work. DOM-Sortze has been designed and developed with the aim of automatising the development of the Domain Module, regardless of the subject, promoting the knowledge reuse and facilitating the collaboration of the users during the process.

Viability Conditions for a Compartmentalized Protometabolic System: A Semi-Empirical Approach

In this work we attempt to find out the extent to which realistic prebiotic compartments, such as fatty acid vesicles, would constrain the chemical network dynamics that could have sustained a minimal form of metabolism. We combine experimental and simulation results to establish the conditions under which a reaction network with a catalytically closed organization (more specifically, an (M, R)-system) would overcome the potential problem of self-suffocation that arises from the limited accessibility of nutrients to its internal reaction domain. The relationship between the permeability of the membrane, the lifetime of the key catalysts and their efficiency (reaction rate enhancement) turns out to be critical. In particular, we show how permeability values constrain the characteristic time scale of the bounded protometabolic processes. From this concrete and illustrative example we finally extend the discussion to a wider evolutionary context.

On the optimal usage of labelled examples in semi-supervised multi-class classification problems

In recent years, the performance of semi-supervised learning has been theoretically investigated. However, most of this theoretical development has focussed on binary classification problems. In this paper, we take it a step further by extending the work of Castelli and Cover [1] [2] to the multi-class paradigm. Particularly, we consider the key problem in semi-supervised learning of classifying an unseen instance x into one of K different classes, using a training dataset sampled from a mixture density distribution and composed of l labelled records and u unlabelled examples. Even under the assumption of identifiability of the mixture and having infinite unlabelled examples, labelled records are needed to determine the K decision regions. Therefore, in this paper, we first investigate the minimum number of labelled examples needed to accomplish that task. Then, we propose an optimal multi-class learning algorithm which is a generalisation of the optimal procedure proposed in the literature for binary problems. Finally, we make use of this generalisation to study the probability of error when the binary class constraint is relaxed.

Luces y sombras en las Encuestas de Pobreza y Desigualdades Sociales desde el punto de vista del género

En estas páginas nos proponemos dos objetivos. El primero es analizar con detalle la metodología de medición de la pobreza de las Encuestas de Pobreza y Desigualdades Sociales (EPDS) que se realiza en la CAPV con el fin de desvelar sus principales carencias y potencialidades en cuanto a la incorporación de la perspectiva de género en el estudio de la pobreza. El segundo es estudiar, entre 1996 y 2004,la evolución de las situaciones de pobreza entre las mujeres y compararla con la evolución de la pobreza entre los hombres. En estos ocho años, el crecimiento económico ha sido muy importante, y ello se ha traducido en una reducción de la incidencia de la pobreza que no se ha dejado notar con la misma intensidad en todos los colectivos. Nos preguntamos si las mujeres, como colectivo que estaba peor situado, han conocido reducciones de las tasas de pobreza inferiores a las generales. Parece que la mejora de la coyuntura económica ha beneficiado a los que comparativamente estaban mejor.

Recent HERMES results from inclusive and semi-inclusive hadron production

4th International Workshop on Transverse Polisarization Phenomena in Hard Processes (TRANSVERSITY 2014)