Synthetic scope and DFT analysis of the chiral binap-gold(I) complex-catalyzed 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of azlactones with alkenes

he 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition between glycine-derived azlactones with maleimides is efficiently catalyzed by the dimeric chiral complex [(S-a)-Binap.AuTFA](2). The alanine-derived oxazolone only reacts with tert-butyl acrylate giving anomalous regiochemistry, which is explained and supported by Natural Resonance Theory and Nucleus Independent Chemical Shifts calculations. The origin of the high enantiodiscrimination observed with maleimides and tert-butyl acrylate is analyzed using DFT computed at M06/Lanl2dz//ONIOM(b3lyp/Lanl2dz:UFF) level. Several applications of these cycloadducts in the synthesis of new proline derivatives with a 2,5-trans-arrangement and in the preparation of complex fused polycyclic molecules are described.

Analysis of Spanish text-thesaurus as a complex network

[EN]Based on the theoretical tools of Complex Networks, this work provides a basic descriptive study of a synonyms dictionary, the Spanish Open Thesaurus represented as a graph. We study the main structural measures of the network compared with those of a random graph. Numerical results show that Open-Thesaurus is a graph whose topological properties approximate a scale-free network, but seems not to present the small-world property because of its sparse structure. We also found that the words of highest betweenness centrality are terms that suggest the vocabulary of psychoanalysis: placer (pleasure), ayudante (in the sense of assistant or worker), and regular (to regulate).

Consumer Expertise or Credit Risk? An empirical analysis of mortgage pricing

Loan mortgage interest rates are usually the result of a bank-customer negotiation process. Credit risk, consumer cross-buying potential, bundling, financial market competition and other features affecting the bargaining power of the parties could affect price. We argue that, since mortgage loan is a complex product, consumer expertise could be a relevant factor for mortgage pricing. Using data on mortgage loan prices for a sample of 1055 households for the year 2005 (Bank of Spain Survey of Household Finances, EFF-2005), and including credit risk, costs, potential capacity of the consumer to generate future business and bank competition variables, the regression results indicate that consumer expertise-related metrics are highly significant as predictors of mortgage loan prices. Other factors such as credit risk and consumer cross-buying potential do not have such a significant impact on mortgage prices. Our empirical results are affected by the credit conditions prior to the financial crisis and could shed some light on this issue.

Segmentación de los e-consumidores: un estudio aplicado a partir de las perspectivas de uso de Internet

[ES] La segmentación de mercados se ha utilizado con bastante frecuencia en las investigaciones de marketing tradicionales pero todavía aparece como una materia relativamente novedosa si se busca su aplicación en el uso de las Tecnologías de la Comunicación y de la Información (TIC) en general y de Internet en particular. La presente investigación tiene como objetivo principal analizar el comportamiento del internauta según los principales usos que piensa hacer, en un futuro próximo, de las diferentes aplicaciones de Internet. A partir de una muestra de 700 individuos, se realizó un análisis factorial y cluster para clasificar a los usuarios en tres colectivos. Junto con la información demográfica y las perspectivas de uso de la Red, se hizo posible la elaboración de un perfil diferenciado para cada segmento. El análisis también permite extraer los principales factores en los que se recogen las diferentes actitudes frente al uso de la Red. En las conclusiones se presentan las reflexiones más significativas sobre los segmentos obtenidos y su implicación en la gestión, las limitaciones del estudio y las futuras líneas de investigación.

Exploring Game Performance in the National Basketball Association Using Player Tracking Data

Recent player tracking technology provides new information about basketball game performance. The aim of this study was to (i) compare the game performances of all-star and non all-star basketball players from the National Basketball Association (NBA), and (ii) describe the different basketball game performance profiles based on the different game roles. Archival data were obtained from all 2013-2014 regular season games (n = 1230). The variables analyzed included the points per game, minutes played and the game actions recorded by the player tracking system. To accomplish the first aim, the performance per minute of play was analyzed using a descriptive discriminant analysis to identify which variables best predict the all-star and non all-star playing categories. The all-star players showed slower velocities in defense and performed better in elbow touches, defensive rebounds, close touches, close points and pull-up points, possibly due to optimized attention processes that are key for perceiving the required appropriate environmental information. The second aim was addressed using a k-means cluster analysis, with the aim of creating maximal different performance profile groupings. Afterwards, a descriptive discriminant analysis identified which variables best predict the different playing clusters. The results identified different playing profile of performers, particularly related to the game roles of scoring, passing, defensive and all-round game behavior. Coaching staffs may apply this information to different players, while accounting for individual differences and functional variability, to optimize practice planning and, consequently, the game performances of individuals and teams.

El riesgo de orientación en la inversión en spin-offs universitarias. ¿Existe? ¿Es posible identificarlo en los primeros años de vida?

[ES] Diversos estudios han mostrado evidencias de que las empresas creadas desde las universidades (spin-offs) presentan unas tasas de crecimiento menores que otros tipos de start-ups. Esto puede deberse en parte a que un porcentaje de ellas pueden estar orientadas a dar continuidad a proyectos de investigación en base a ayudas públicas, en lugar de a valorizar resultados de investigación en el mercado. El principal objetivo de este trabajo es contrastar si es posible diferenciar dos tipos de spin-offs en función de si están orientadas al mercado o no. Además, en segundo lugar, hemos tratado de comprobar si es posible identificar esta orientación desde las primeras fases de vida de las spin-offs, lo que afectaría al perfil de riesgo desde el punto de vista de los inversores. Para ello hemos utilizado una muestra de 20 spin-offs y se ha procedido a analizar tanto sus estados contables como las ayudas y subvenciones públicas obtenidas durante sus primeros cinco años de actividad. La metodología empleada ha sido el análisis de conglomerados. Los resultados obtenidos sugieren que, si bien efectivamente un número significativo de spin-offs no parecen orientadas al mercado, esta diferenciación no puede inferirse de la información inicial económico financiera de la empresa. Este hecho puede dar lugar a un riesgo de orientación , definido como la imposibilidad por parte del inversor inicial de saber si existe una orientación o no al mercado de la spin-off.