Copia de una carta remitida por la Secretaría de Estado del Vaticano al Vicario General de Barcelona, José María Torrent, en la que se informa al último de la actitud a seguir ante la propuesta del Ministro de Justicia de la República, Manuel de Irujo, de apertura de iglesias al culto.

Fecha: 29-12-1937 original (>1970 copia) / Unidad de instalación: Carpeta 48 - Expediente 8-9 / Nº de pág.: 3 (mecanografiadas)

Carta enviada por José María de Azcárraga a Justo Garate en 1964

1 carta (manuscrita) : 275x214mm. Ubicación: Caja 1 - Carpeta 81

Cartas enviadas por José María Azcona a Justo Garate entre 1930 y 1936

7 cartas (mecanografiadas y manuscritas) ; entre 180x130mm y 214x139mm. Ubicación: Caja 1 - Carpeta 82

Cartas enviadas por José María Bengoa a Justo Garate entre 1940 y 1945

10 cartas (mecanografiadas); entre 210x255mm y 210x310mm. [La carta fechada el 10-11-1942 esta incompleta, falta la primera hoja]

Cartas enviadas por José María Bengoa a Justo Garate entre 1947 y 1961

11 cartas (mecanografiadas y manuscritas); entre 170x225mm y 215x275mm

Cartas enviadas por José María Bengoa a Justo Garate entre 1962 y 1992

8 cartas (mecanografiadas y manuscritas); entre 150x210mm y 215x275mm .- 1 Felicitación de Navidad (manuscrita y sin fecha) ; 110mmx160mm

Cartas enviadas por José María Busca Isusi a Justo Garate entre 1951 y 1983

6 cartas (mecanografiadas) ; entre 220x250mm y 160x235mm + Recordatorio de la defunción de José María Busca remitido por su esposa

Cartas enviadas por José Mª Barriola a Justo Garate entre 1958 y 1965

2 cartas (manuscritas) ; entre 210x210mm y 210x160mm

Pulse vs. Optimal Stationary Fishing: The Northern Stock of Hake

Pulse fishing may be a global optimal strategy in multicohort fisheries. In this article we compare the pulse fishing solutions obtained by using global numerical methods with the analytical stationary optimal solution. This allows us to quantify the potential benefits associated with the use of periodic fishing in the Northern Stock of hake. Results show that: first, management plans based exclusively on traditional reference targets as Fmsy may drive fishery economic results far from the optimal; second, global optimal solutions would imply, in a cyclical manner, the closure of the fishery for some periods and third, second best stationary policies with stable employment only reduce optimal present value of discounted profit in a 2%.

Lessons from the northern hake long-term management plan: Could the economic assessment have accepted it?

An economic expert working group (STECF/SGBRE-07-05) was convened in 2007 for evaluating the potential economic consequences of a Long-Term Management Plan for the northern hake. Analyzing all the scenarios proposed by biological assessment, they found that keeping the F in the status quo level was the best policy in terms of net present values for both yield and profits. This result is counter intuitive because it may indicate that effort costs do no affect the economic reference points. However, it is well accepted that the inclusion of costs affects negatively the economic reference points. In this paper, applying a dynamic agestructured model to the northern hake, we show that the optimal fishing mortality that maximizes the net present value of profits is lower than Fmax.

Endogenous fisheries management in a stochastic model: Why do fishery agencies use TAC

The aim of this paper is to explain under which circumstances using TACs as instrument to manage a fishery along with fishing periods may be interesting from a regulatory point of view. In order to do this, the deterministic analysis of Homans and Wilen (1997)and Anderson (2000) is extended to a stochastic scenario where the resource cannot be measured accurately. The resulting endogenous stochastic model is numerically solved for finding the optimal control rules in the Iberian sardine stock. Three relevant conclusions can be highligted from simulations. First, the higher the uncertainty about the state of the stock is, the lower the probability of closing the fishery is. Second, the use of TACs as management instrument in fisheries already regulated with fishing periods leads to: i) An increase of the optimal season length and harvests, especially for medium and high number of licences, ii) An improvement of the biological and economic variables when the size of the fleet is large; and iii) Eliminate the extinction risk for the resource. And third, the regulator would rather select the number of licences and do not restrict the season length.

El desarrollo psicosocial

[Es] Esta línea de investigación integra dos perspectivas de aproximación a una temática de gran amplitud y complejidad como es la del desarrollo psicosocial humano, máxime teniendo en cuenta que se presta además una atención específica a la función que en dicho desarrollo cumple la mediación educativa. Obviamente el desarrollo personal y social de cada individuo admite otros muchos abordajes pero los aquí presentados son muy importantes. Se considera, en primer lugar, la incidencia que tienen las interacciones sociales producidas en el proceso de construcción del conocimiento sobre el desarrollo psicosocial. Y, en segundo lugar, se incide en el papel decisivo que los modos de entender la vida juegan en los procesos de sociopersonalización.

Why Economists Reject Long-Term Fisheries Management Plans?

Most fisheries agencies conduct biological and economic assessments independently. This independent conduct may lead to situations in which economists reject management plans proposed by biologists. The objective of this study is to show how to find optimal strategies that may satisfy biologists and economists' conditions. In particular we characterize optimal fishing trajectories that maximize the present value of a discounted economic indicator taking into account the age-structure of the population as in stock assessment methodologies. This approach is applied to the Northern Stock of Hake. Our main empirical findings are: i) Optimal policy may be far away from any of the classical scenarios proposed by biologists, ii) The more the future is discounted, the higher the likelihood of finding contradictions among scenarios proposed by biologists and conclusions from economic analysis, iii) Optimal management reduces the risk of the stock falling under precautionary levels, especially if the future is not discounted to much, and iv) Optimal stationary fishing rate may be very different depending on the economic indicator used as reference.

Reference Points and Optimal Management in Stochastic Age-Structured Fisheries Models

The purpose of this article is to characterize dynamic optimal harvesting trajectories that maximize discounted utility assuming an age-structured population model, in the same line as Tahvonen (2009). The main novelty of our study is that uses as an age-structured population model the standard stochastic cohort framework applied in Virtual Population Analysis for fish stock assessment. This allows us to compare optimal harvesting in a discounted economic context with standard reference points used by fisheries agencies for long term management plans (e.g. Fmsy). Our main findings are the following. First, optimal steady state is characterized and sufficient conditions that guarantees its existence and uniqueness for the general case of n cohorts are shown. It is also proved that the optimal steady state coincides with the traditional target Fmsy when the utility function to be maximized is the yield and the discount rate is zero. Second, an algorithm to calculate the optimal path that easily drives the resource to the steady state is developed. And third, the algorithm is applied to the Northern Stock of hake. Results show that management plans based exclusively on traditional reference targets as Fmsy may drive fishery economic results far from the optimal.