Dietary vitamin E inhibits the trans 10-18:1 shift in beef backfat

[EN]Forty feedlot steers were fed a barleygrain-based finishing diet typical for western Canada, with two levels of supplementary vitamin E (468 or 1068 IU head_1 d_1) and the effect on backfat trans-18:1 isomeric profile was determined. Feeding 1068 IU vitamin E reduced the total trans-18:1 content in backfat (P<0.01), as well as the percentage of trans 10-18:1 (P<0.001), which are related to an increased risk for cardiovascular diseases. On the other hand, trans 11-18:1 (vaccenic acid) the precursor for cis 9,trans 11- 18:2 (rumenic acid), which have several purported health benefits, increased (P<0.01). Vitamin E could, therefore, be used to decrease trans-18:1 in beef and improve its isomeric profile.

Prevalencia del síndrome metabólico en una población de niños obesos en el País Vasco, su relación con la resistencia a la insulina, las adipoquinas y grhelina

274 p. : graf.

Escultura en los años 90 en el País Vasco: reconfigurando el pasado-presente

[ES] La creación escultórica en el País Vasco durante los años noventa se siguió nutriendo del entramado creativo de la década anterior, mientras se iban difuminando los últimos coletazos programáticos de la posmodernidad. Los jóvenes artistas de esta última década no plantean lenguajes originales, ni plantean la búsqueda de temáticas inéditas, simplemente se aboga por ubicarse en un marco espacial y temporal que les permita seguir creando en base a procesos anteriores, pero con perspectivas que les sirvan para analizar y experimentar las situaciones enclavadas en el presente.

Influence of Humidity on Fiber Bragg Grating Sensors

We demonstrate the influence of the relative humidity (RH) on the wavelength of fiber Bragg grating sensors (FBGS), performing tests with five FBGS at different humidity and temperature conditions. These tests were performed in a climate chamber whose RH changes according to a scheduled profile from 30% to 90%, in steps of 10%. These profiles were repeated for a wide range of temperatures from to , in steps of . Two different types of instrumentation methods have been tested, spot welding and epoxy bonding, in two different materials, steel and carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP). We discuss the results for each type of sensor and instrumentation method by analyzing the linearity of the Bragg wavelength with RH and temperature.

Association between CASP8-652 6N Del Polymorphism (rs3834129) and Colorectal Cancer Risk: Results from a Multi-Centric Study

The common 2652 6N del variant in the CASP8 promoter (rs3834129) has been described as a putative low-penetrance risk factor for different cancer types. In particular, some studies suggested that the deleted allele (del) was inversely associated with CRC risk while other analyses failed to confirm this. Hence, to better understand the role of this variant in the risk of developing CRC, we performed a multi-centric case-control study. In the study, the variant 2652 6N del was genotyped in a total of 6,733 CRC cases and 7,576 controls recruited by six different centers located in Spain, Italy, USA, England, Czech Republic and the Netherlands collaborating to the international consortium COGENT (COlorectal cancer GENeTics). Our analysis indicated that rs3834129 was not associated with CRC risk in the full data set. However, the del allele was under-represented in one set of cases with a family history of CRC (per allele model OR = 0.79, 95% CI = 0.69-0.90) suggesting this allele might be a protective factor versus familial CRC. Since this multi-centric case-control study was performed on a very large sample size, it provided robust clarification of the effect of rs3834129 on the risk of developing CRC in Caucasians.

Vacunas profilácticas frente al VPH

Actualmente sólo existen dos vacunas disponibles para la prevención primaria frente al virus del papiloma humano, Gardasil® y Cervarix®. Ambas vacunas ofrecen una alta protección contra los genotipos 16 y 18 del papillomavirus, que son los responsables de más del 70% de los cánceres de cérvix, segunda causa de mortalidad por cáncer a nivel mundial en mujeres. Además, Gardasil®, ofrece una protección del 99% para las mujeres y del 89,4% para los hombre, frente a los genotipos 6 y 11 del virus, responsables del 90% de las verrugas genitales. Uno de los principales obstáculos para su uso generalizado es su elevado coste, por ello, los ensayos clínicos se dirigen a conseguir una inmunogenicidad eficaz con el menor número de dosis. Cervarix® se comercializa en Europa con una pauta de dos dosis en niñas de 9 a 14 años, con una inmunogenicidad de 48 meses. Gardasil® ha sido autorizada para su comercialización para una pauta de dos dosis en niñas/os de 9 a 13 años, con una imunogenicidad de 36 meses. Ambas vacunas han despertado una gran controversia en los últimos tiempos, por este motivo se están realizando continuos estudios de control que, hasta la fecha, avalan su seguridad. La falta de información sobre las vacunas, los escasos programas de sensibilización y las dudas sobre su seguridad han dificultado su aceptación. El papel de la enfermera es clave en este aspecto para fomentar la vacunación, a través de actividades dirigidas hacía la promoción y prevención frente al virus del papiloma humano.

Kadete eta jubenil futbolarien arteko ezberdintasunak jauzi, azelerazio eta norabide aldaketa gaitasunetan

Helburua: Ikerketa honen helburu nagusia kadete eta jubenil futbolarien arteko ezberdintasunak analizatzea izan zen azelerazio, norabide aldaketa, jauzi bertikal eta jauzi horizontal gaitasunetan. Metodoak: Lagina Romo Futbol Club-aren 34 futbol jokalarik osatu zuten, denak gizonezkoak (16,03 ± 1,22 urte, 1,73 ± 0,07 m, 66,86 ± 7,65 kg, 22,21 ± 1,91 kg.m-2). Lagina bi taldetan banatu egin zen, lehiatzen zuten kategoria kontutan hartuta. 1.taldeak (KAD) Kadeteen Euskal Ligan jokatzen zuen (15,12 ± 0,70 urte, 1,71 ± 0,07 m, 63,06 ± 6,66 kg, 21,48 ± 1,56 kg.m-2), 2.taldeak (JUB) Jubenilen Nazional Ligan egiten zuen bitartean (16,94 ± 0,90 urte, 1,76 ± 0,07 m, 70,65 ± 6,77 kg, 22,93 ± 2,00 kg.m-2). Testak bi egun ezberdinetan burutu egin ziren eta jokalariek ez zuten intentsitate altuko jarduerarik egin frogen aurreko bi egunetan. 1.egunean, asteartea, jokalari guztien datu antropometrikoak hartu ziren eta azelerazio gaitasuna, norabide aldaketa gaitasuna (CODA) eta jauzi horizontala (HJ) neurtzeko testak burutu ziren. 2.egunean, osteguna, salto bertikalari (VJ) dagozkion frogak eraman ziren aurrera. Emaitzak: Azelerazio gaitasunean ezberdintasun esanguratsuak eskuratu ziren kadeteen eta jubenilen artean. Hala ere, MAT testan lortutako emaitzak antzekoak izan ziren bi taldeetan. Ezberdintasun esanguratsuak eskuratu ziren elastizitate indizean (IE) eta efektuaren tamaina altua edo moderatua izan zen VCMJ eta CMJAS frogetan. Ezberdintasun esanguratsuak aurkitu ziren bai HCMJ jauzian zein H3BT jauzian jokalari kadete eta jubenilen artean. Konklusioa: Ikerketa honetan kategorien arteko ezberdintasunak aurkitu ziren (kadete eta jubenil) azelerazio gaitasunean, baina ez norabide aldaketa gaitasunean. Jauzi gaitasunari dagokionez, jokalari jubenilek jauzi horizontal gaitasun handiagoa eskuratu zuten. Hala ere, ezberdintasun hauek ez ziren ikusi jauzi bertikal mota guztietan. Kontra mugimendurik gabeko jauzi bertikal testan (VSJ), emaitzak antzekoak izan ziren adin ezberdinetako jokalarien artean. Emaitza hauei erreparatuz, interesgarria izan daiteke azelerazio (5 eta 15 m), luzatze-laburtze ziklodun jauzi bertikal (VCMJ eta VCMJAS) eta jauzi horizontal (HCMJ eta H3BT) testak erabiltzea errendimendua analizatzeko futbolari gazteetan.

Faltas de alta impedancia. Comportamiento y características.

[ES]El objetivo del presente trabajo es realizar un estado del arte sobre las faltas de alta impedancia en sistemas de distribución, sus características, causas y consecuencias. El estudio se acompaña con simulaciones software que se llevarán a cabo mediante el software Matlab a través de un modelo que represente su carácter no lineal y aleatorio.

Evaluation of Fentanyl Disposition and Effects in Newborn Piglets as an Experimental Model for Human Neonates

Background: Fentanyl is widely used off-label in NICU. Our aim was to investigate its cerebral, cardiovascular and pulmonary effects as well as pharmacokinetics in an experimental model for neonates. Methods: Fentanyl (5 mu g/kg bolus immediately followed by a 90 minute infusion of 3 mu g/kg/h) was administered to six mechanically ventilated newborn piglets. Cardiovascular, ventilation, pulmonary and oxygenation indexes as well as brain activity were monitored from T = 0 up to the end of experiments (T = 225-300 min). Also plasma samples for quantification of fentanyl were drawn. Results: A "reliable degree of sedation" was observed up to T = 210-240 min, consistent with the selected dosing regimen and the observed fentanyl plasma levels. Unlike cardiovascular parameters, which were unmodified except for an increasing trend in heart rate, some of the ventilation and oxygenation indexes as well as brain activity were significantly altered. The pulmonary and brain effects of fentanyl were mostly recovered from T = 210 min to the end of experiment. Conclusion: The newborn piglet was shown to be a suitable experimental model for studying fentanyl disposition as well as respiratory and cardiovascular effects in human neonates. Therefore, it could be extremely useful for further investigating the drug behaviour under pathophysiological conditions.

Estrategias para una VENTANA eficaz: Forma geométrica del HUECO - Diseño de la VENTANA-UH

V.1. 219 p.; V. 2. 589 p.

Síntesis enantio- y diastereocontrolada de aminas y alcoholes propargílicos mediante reacciones de Mannich y aldólica organocatalíticas

373 + anexos

La datación de la gráfica rupestre de apariencia paleolítica: un siglo de conjeturas y datos

[ES] Hace un siglo Altamira y La Mouthe suscitaron el primer discurso de autentificación de la gráfica rupestre de apariencia paleolítica. Se repasan varios casos recientes de peritaje del arte rupestre occidental que recurren a conjeturas, datos y argumentos varios para validar grabados y pinturas «descontextualizados» (al margen de depósitos estratificados y que no pueden ser datados directamente). En estos años 90 nuevas perspectivas de datación y análisis intentan precisar (¿renovar?) los argumentos de autentificación.

LDLR and PCSK9 Are Associated with the Presence of Antiphospholipid Antibodies and the Development of Thrombosis in aPLA Carriers

Introduction The identification of the genetic risk factors that could discriminate non-thrombotic from thrombotic antiphospholipid antibodies (aPLA) carriers will improve prognosis of these patients. Several human studies have shown the presence of aPLAs associated with atherosclerotic plaque, which is a known risk factor for thrombosis. Hence, in order to determine the implication of atherosclerosis in the risk of developing thrombosis in aPLA positive patients, we performed a genetic association study with 3 candidate genes, APOH, LDLR and PCSK9. Material & Methods For genetic association study we analyzed 190 aPLA carriers -100 with non-thrombotic events and 90 with thrombotic events-and 557 healthy controls. Analyses were performed by chi(2) test and were corrected by false discovery rate. To evaluate the functional implication of the newly established susceptibility loci, we performed expression analyses in 86 aPLA carrier individuals (43 with thrombotic manifestations and 43 without it) and in 45 healthy controls. Results Our results revealed significant associations after correction in SNPs located in LDLR gene with aPLA carriers and thrombotic aPLA carriers, when compared with healthy controls. The most significant association in LDLR gene was found between SNP rs129083082 and aPLA carriers in recessive model (adjusted P-value = 2.55 x 10(-3); OR = 2.18; 95% CI = 1.49-3.21). Furthermore, our work detected significant allelic association after correction between thrombotic aPLA carriers and healthy controls in SNP rs562556 located in PCSK9 gene (adjusted P-value = 1.03 x 10(-2); OR = 1.60; 95% CI = 1.24-2.06). Expression level study showed significantly decreased expression level of LDLR gene in aPLA carriers (P-value < 0.0001; 95% CI 0.16-2.10; SE 0.38-1.27) in comparison to the control group. Discussion Our work has identified LDLR gene as a new susceptibility gene associated with the development of thrombosis in aPLA carriers, describing for the first time the deregulation of LDLR expression in individuals with aPLAs. Besides, thrombotic aPLA carriers also showed significant association with PCSK9 gene, a regulator of LDLR plasma levels. These results highlight the importance of atherosclerotic processes in the development of thrombosis in patients with aPLA.