Control de la eficacia de la publicidad: los pretests publicitarios

Cuando la inversión publicitaria es importante, resulta necesario medir a priori la eficacia de la campaña mediante la técnica pretest que se estime más oportuna. El objetivo de las técnicas pretests es conocer a priori el comportamiento futuro de las personas que serán impactadas por la campaña. Gracias a los pretests publicitarios podemos corregir errores antes de emitir los anuncios a través de los medios de comunicación y tener una mayor seguridad de que la campaña publicitaria va a ser eficaz.

Cooperative learning strategies to teach nutrition to geriatric nursing staff

[EN] The objective of this study was to test the hypothesis that cooperative learning strategies will help to increase nutrition knowledge of nurses and nursing assistants caring for the elderly in different institutional communities of the Basque Country, Spain. The target population was a sample of volunteers, 16 nurses and 28 nursing assistants. Training consisted of 12 nutrition education sessions using cooperative strategies conducted over a period of 3 consecutive weeks. The assessment instruments included two pretest and two posttest questionnaires with questions selected in multiplechoice format. The first questionnaire was about general knowledge of applied nutrition (0-88 point scale) and the second one on geriatric nutrition knowledge (0-18 point scale). Data were analyzed using SPSS vs. 11.0. The outcomes indicated a significant increase in general nutrition knowledge (difference between the pre- and posttest mean score: 14.5±10.1; P<0.001) and in geriatric nutrition knowledge for all participants (difference between the pre- and post-test mean score: 4.6±4.6; P<0.001). So the results indicated that cooperative learning strategies could improve the nutrition knowledge of nursing staff. Additionally, the results of this study provide direction to continuing nutrition education program planners regarding appropriate content and methodology for programs.

Evaluation of a programme to improve emotional intelligence during adolescence

348 p.

Mindfulness training for reducing anger, anxiety, and depression in fibromyalgia patients

Fibromyalgia is a disabling syndrome. Results obtained with different therapies are very limited to date.The goal of this study was to verify whether the application of a mindfulnessbased training program was effective in modifying anger, anxiety, and depression levels in a group of women diagnosed with fibromyalgia. This study is an experimental trial that employed a waiting list control group. Measures were taken at three different times: pretest, posttest, and follow-up. The statistical analyses revealed a significant reduction of anger (trait) levels, internal expression of anger, state anxiety, and depression in the experimental group as compared to the control group, as well as a significant increase in internal control of anger. It can be concluded that the mindfulness-based treatment was effective after 7 weeks. These results were maintained 3 months after the end of the intervention.

Lehen Hezkuntzan autoezagutza fisikoa, emozionala eta soziala lantzeko proposamen didaktiko baten diseinua eta esku-hartzea

[eus] Autoezagutza ez akademikoa pertsonaren garapenaren pilare funtsezkoenetariko bat kontsideratzen da. Aldaketaren bat eragiteko asmoz, Lehen Hezkuntzako hirugarren mailako neska eta mutilei zuzenduta dauden ekintza batzuk diseinatu eta praktikan jarri dira. Adin honetako neska eta mutilak, haien nortasuna eta batez ere autoezagutzaren garapenaren erdian aurkitzen dira. Horregatik, “ad hoc” diseinatu diren pretest eta postest baten bitartez, ekintza hauek espero ziren aldaketak sorrarazi dituzten ebaluatu da.

Effects of an emotional intelligence program in variables related to the prevention of violence

In recent decades, numerous studies have shown a significant increase in violence during childhood and adolescence. These data suggest the importance of implementing programs to prevent and reduce violent behavior. The study aimed to design a program of emotional intelligence (El) for adolescents and to assess its effects on variables related to violence prevention. The possible differential effect of the program on both genders was also examined. The sample comprised 148 adolescents aged from 13 to 16 years. The study used an experimental design with repeated pretest-posttest measures and control groups. To measure the variables, four assessment instruments were administered before and after the program, as well as in the follow-up phase (1 year after the conclusion of the intervention). The program consisted of 20 one-hour sessions. The pretest-posttest ANCOVAs showed that the program significantly increased: (1) El (attention, clarity, emotional repair); (2) assertive cognitive social interaction strategies; (3) internal control of anger; and (4) the cognitive ability to analyze negative feelings. In the follow-up phase, the positive effects of the intervention were generally maintained and, moreover, the use of aggressive strategies as an interpersonal conflict-resolution technique was significantly reduced. Regarding the effect of the program on both genders, the change was very similar, but the boys increased assertive social interaction strategies, attention, and emotional clarity significantly more than the girls. The importance of implementing programs to promote socio-emotional development and prevent violence is discussed.