Quantum simulations of relativistic quantum physics in circuit QED

We present a scheme for simulating relativistic quantum physics in circuit quantum electrodynamics. By using three classical microwave drives, we show that a superconducting qubit strongly coupled to a resonator field mode can be used to simulate the dynamics of the Dirac equation and Klein paradox in all regimes. Using the same setup we also propose the implementation of the Foldy-Wouthuysen canonical transformation, after which the time derivative of the position operator becomes a constant of the motion.

Unconventional spin texture of a topologically nontrivial semimetal Sb(110)

9 p.

Temperature-and pH-Sensitive Nanohydrogels of Poly(N-Isopropylacrylamide) for Food Packaging Applications: Modelling the Swelling-Collapse Behaviour

Temperature-sensitive poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPA) nanohydrogels were synthesized by nanoemulsion polymerization in water-in-oil systems. Several cross-linking degrees and the incorporation of acrylic acid as comonomer at different concentrations were tested to produce nanohydrogels with a wide range of properties. The physicochemical properties of PNIPA nanohydrogels, and their relationship with the swelling-collapse behaviour, were studied to evaluate the suitability of PNIPA nanoparticles as smart delivery systems (for active packaging). The swelling-collapse transition was analyzed by the change in the optical properties of PNIPA nanohydrogels using ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy. The thermodynamic parameters associated with the nanohydrogels collapse were calculated using a mathematical approach based on the van't Hoff analysis, assuming a two-state equilibrium (swollen to collapsed). A mathematical model is proposed to predict both the thermally induced collapse, and the collapse induced by the simultaneous action of two factors (temperature and pH, or temperature and organic solvent concentration). Finally, van't Hoff analysis was compared with differential scanning calorimetry. The results obtained allow us to solve the problem of determining the molecular weight of the structural repeating unit in cross-linked NIPA polymers, which, as we show, can be estimated from the ratio of the molar heat capacity (obtained from the van't Hoff analysis) to the specific heat capacity (obtained from calorimetric measurements).

ph eta kontzentrazioaren eragina, erretxina kelanteen gainean egindako ioi trukaketa prozesuan

Azken urte hauetan industriak izan duen garapenak, onura asko ekarri ditu, hala nola, bizi maila eta kalitatea gora egin dute. Baina dena ez dira alde onak, izan ere, prozesu honek, kutsagarriak eta oso konplexuak diren hondakinak sortu ditu. Kutsadura hau ez du soilik oreka ekologikoa n kalte egiten, izan ere, kutsadura hau dagoen guneetan ere eragin handia dauka. Hori dela eta , ingurumenaren babesa gero eta garrantzi handiagoa hartzen ari da. Horretarako, industriak sortzen dituen hondakinen tratamendurako prozesuetan, inbertsio ekonomiko handiak egin behar dira. Hau ez da soilik legea betetzeko egin behar, baizik eta, indus tria merkatuan dagoen konpetentzian toki on bat lortzeko oso garrantzitsua da. Jariakinen tratamenduaren xedea dituzten araztegiak duten arazo printzipala, jariakin hauetan dauden metal astunen presentzia da. Metal hauek, araztegi hauetan ematen diren pro zesu biologikoen zai ltasuna bermatzen dute eta animali, landare eta giza osasunean efektu toxikoak izaten dituzte. Baimenduta dauden kontzentrazioen limitea betetzeko, industriak normalean isurketan egin baino lehen, aurretratamendu bat egitera behartuta ikusten dira, toxikoak diren edo oso oldarkorrak diren produktuak kentzeko. Adibidez, Industria Hidrometalurgiakoak , oso kontzentrazio baxuetan metal astunak isurtzen ditu, baina kantitate hauek baimenduta daude, industria hau erabiltzen dituen emari handiak direla eta. Normalean hondakin industrialetatik kanpora isurt zen diren metal astunak , kontzentrazio baxuetan eg ot en dira . Honek, errentagarritasun positiboa du ten araztegi tekniken aplikazioa ahalbideratzen du. Kutsadura hau sortzen dituzten prozesu industrial mota asko existitzen direnez, metal hauek, oso diluituak dauden disoluzioetatik banatu behar dira. Horretara ko, metal baliotsuen errekuperazioa eta isurketa industrialaren legeak betetzea bermatzen duten, banaketa prozesuak sortu behar izan d ira. Jarraian, helburu hau duten teknika batzuk azaltzen dira

Temperature-and pH-Sensitive Nanohydrogels of Poly(N-Isopropylacrylamide) for Food Packaging Applications: Modelling the Swelling-Collapse Behaviour

Temperature-sensitive poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPA) nanohydrogels were synthesized by nanoemulsion polymerization in water-in-oil systems. Several cross-linking degrees and the incorporation of acrylic acid as comonomer at different concentrations were tested to produce nanohydrogels with a wide range of properties. The physicochemical properties of PNIPA nanohydrogels, and their relationship with the swelling-collapse behaviour, were studied to evaluate the suitability of PNIPA nanoparticles as smart delivery systems (for active packaging). The swelling-collapse transition was analyzed by the change in the optical properties of PNIPA nanohydrogels using ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy. The thermodynamic parameters associated with the nanohydrogels collapse were calculated using a mathematical approach based on the van't Hoff analysis, assuming a two-state equilibrium (swollen to collapsed). A mathematical model is proposed to predict both the thermally induced collapse, and the collapse induced by the simultaneous action of two factors (temperature and pH, or temperature and organic solvent concentration). Finally, van't Hoff analysis was compared with differential scanning calorimetry. The results obtained allow us to solve the problem of determining the molecular weight of the structural repeating unit in cross-linked NIPA polymers, which, as we show, can be estimated from the ratio of the molar heat capacity (obtained from the van't Hoff analysis) to the specific heat capacity (obtained from calorimetric measurements).

Bessel functions and equations of mathematical physics

The aim of this dissertation is to introduce Bessel functions to the reader, as well as studying some of their properties. Moreover, the final goal of this document is to present the most well- known applications of Bessel functions in physics.

Estudio de la homodimerización del dominio PH de la quinasa PDK1 por espectroscopía por correlación de la emisión fluorescente (FCS)

El objetivo de este trabajo es comprobar la homodimerización del dominio PH de la PDK1 in vitro.