Individual notions of distributive justice and relative economic status

We present two experiments designed to investigate whether individuals’ notions of distributive justice are associated with their relative (within-society) economic status. Each participant played a specially designed four-person dictator game under one of two treatments, under one initial endowments were earned, under the other they were randomly assigned. The first experiment was conducted in Oxford, United Kingdom, the second in Cape Town, South Africa. In both locations we found that relatively well-off individuals make allocations to others that reflect those others’ initial endowments more when those endowments were earned rather than random; among relatively poor individuals this was not the case.

Profit and Cost in "Modern" Post-Marxian Profit Theory: A Case Study from Varian's "Intermediate Microeconomics"

In this paper, I examine the treatment of competitive profit of professor Varian in his textbook on Microeconomics, as a representative of the “modern” post-Marxian view on competitive profit. I show how, on the one hand, Varian defines profit as the surplus of revenues over cost and, thus, as a part of the value of commodities that is not any cost. On the other hand, however, Varian defines profit as a cost, namely, as the opportunity cost of capital, so that, in competitive conditions, the profit or income of capital is determined by the opportunity cost of capital. I argue that this second definition contradicts the first and that it is based on an incoherent conception of opportunity cost.

The Comovement between Monetary and Fiscal Policy Instruments during the Post-War Period in the U.S.

This paper empirically studies the dynamic relationship between monetary and fiscal policies by analyzing the comovements between the Fed funds rate and the primary deficit/output ratio. Simple economic thinking establishes that a negative correlation between Fed rate and deficit arises whenever the two policy authorities share a common stabilization objective. However, when budget balancing concerns lead to a drastic deficit reduction the Fed may reduce the Fed rate in order to smooth the impact of fiscal policy, which results in a positive correlation between these two policy instruments. The empirical results show (i) a significant negative comovement between Fed rate and deficit and (ii) that deficit and output gap Granger-cause the Fed funds rate during the post-Volcker era, but the opposite is not true.

Markov Switching Risk Premium and the term structure of interest rates. Empirical evidence from US post-war interest rates

This paper considers the basic present value model of interest rates under rational expectations with two additional features. First, following McCallum (1994), the model assumes a policy reaction function where changes in the short-term interest rate are determined by the long-short spread. Second, the short-term interest rate and the risk premium processes are characterized by a Markov regime-switching model. Using US post-war interest rate data, this paper finds evidence that a two-regime switching model fits the data better than the basic model. The estimation results also show the presence of two alternative states displaying quite different features.

The changing behaviour of the term structure of post-war US

Using U.S. interest rate data covering the period 1950:1-1992:7, this paper tests the rational expectations model of the term structure of interest rates. We show evidence that the rational expectations model of the term structure is supported by the data during the seventies and a period lasting from the mid-eighties to the end of the sample. However, during the …fties, sixties and a period that covers most of the Volcker’s office term (from September 1979 to April 1986) the term structure model is rejected by the data. Moreover, wefind evidence of regime changes in the short-term rate process and the term structure of interest rates. These regime switches roughly coincide with changes in the Federal Reserve chairman. The switches in monetary policy taking place when the chairmanship of the Federal Reserve changes therefore seem to play an important role in characterizing the term structure of interest rates.

Switching Regimes in the Term Structure of Interest Rates During U.S. Post-War: A case for the Lucas proof equilibrium?

Published as an article in: Studies in Nonlinear Dynamics & Econometrics, 2004, vol. 8, issue 1, pages 5.

Impacto de las políticas crediticias de la banca en los resultados ex post : una aproximación desde las teorías económicas del ciclo crediticio

[ES]Este trabajo se centra en el análisis de la relación entre las políticas crediticias de las entidades de crédito y el comportamiento de las mismas ex post. Se hace una revisión de la teoría que justifica que los mercados crediticios pueden estar sujetos, en determinadas circunstancias, a un componente endógeno más elevado de lo que, en general, se atribuye. Se plantea como hipótesis de trabajo la existencia de una relación entre la intensidad en el crecimiento de la cartera crediticia de los bancos en las fases de expansión crediticia y su comportamiento ex post. Los resultados preliminares presentados confirman la hipótesis de que las entidades que más desvían su crecimiento crediticio respecto del crecimiento del PIB nominal, están sujetas a un peor comportamiento en cuanto a la evolución posterior de sus beneficios, rentabilidades e insolvencias.

Explorando la relación entre políticas crediticias y resultados de la banca española ex-post

© Este trabajo está licenciado bajo la licencia Creative Commons Attribution 3.0.

Itzulpen automatikorako tresnen egokitzapena euskararako: post-edizioa, ebaluazioa eta aurre-edizioa

Proiektu honetan zehar Itzulpen Automatikoa eta horren inguruko tresnen inguruan jorratu da. Lengoaia Naturalaren Prozesamendua eta itzulpen automatikoa ikasi eta aztertu egin dira ikuspuntu zabal batetik. Itzulpen automatiko orokorraz eta horren aplikazio mota desberdinetatik gain, bestelako kontzeptuak ere tratatu dira, hala nola, itzulpenean laguntzeko tresnak, itzulpen automatikoaren ebaluazioa eta itzulpen automatikorako testuen aurre-edizioa eta post-edizioa. Ikasketa- eta aztertze-prozesu horretaz gain, erlazionatuta dauden tresnak erabili edota moldatu egin dira euskararako itzulpen automatikoan barne. Hiru atal nagusi nabarmendu daitezke: Lehenengo, OmegaT, itzulpenean laguntzeko softwarea, moldatu da Matxin euskararako itzultzaile automatikoa gehituz. Gainera, IXA Taldearen eta Euskal Wikipediaren arteko kolaborazio-lanean, Wikipediako artikuluak eskuratu, itzuli eta igotzeko aukera egokitu zaio OmegaT-ri eta horren erabilera sustatu da Euskal Wikipediako komunitatean eta UPV/EHUko Informatikako ikasle eta irakaslegoaren artean. Bestalde, lan honetaz baliatuz, OmegaT-k sortzen dituen itzulpen-memoriak, Matxin-en itzulpenen gaineko post-edizioan oinarrituak, eskuratzeko modu bat egin da, horiekin Matxin-en funtzionamendua hobetu ahal izateko. Ondoren, Asiya programan integratu egin da euskara. Asiya-k itzulpen automatikoaren ebaluazio eta meta-ebaluazioak egin ditzakeen aplikazioa da. Hainbat metrika aztertu dira euskara aztertzeko balio ote duten begiratzeko. Besteen artean, lau metrikari euskara gehitzeko saiakera egin nahi izan da IXA Taldeko euskarazko testuen analizatzaile batek eskainitako informazio sintaktikoa gehituz, baina bi metrika soilik egokitu ahal izan dira. Azkenik, DiSeg esaldi-segmentatzailea erabili egin da gaztelerazko corpus baten gainean esaldi luzeak banatzeko. Aurre-edizio hori eta gero itzuli egin dira eta Asiya erabiliz emaitzen ebaluazioa eta konparazioa egin dira, esaldi laburragoekin itzulpen automatiko eraginkorragoa lortzen oten den aztertzeko.

Territorial Integrity and Self-Determination : The Approach of the International Court of Justice in the Advisory Opinion on Kosovo

[EN] On 17 February 2008 Kosovo approved its declaration of independence from Serbia. The declaration was raised as a unilateral secession, a category which to date is widely debated by the international community, but supported in that case by a respectable number of the United Nation member states. A great many legal issues have been raised by the International Court of Justice's Advisory Opinion on Kosovo. This opinion was eagerly awaited by legal scholars due to both its possible effects and the scope of its principles outside the context of decolonization in what it could constitute of new approach to the international scenario for the twenty-first century. The ICJ stated that the declaration of independence was in accordance with international law if it was not prohibited. The answer turned on whether or not international law prohibited the declaration of independence, without ever examining whether an entity seeking secession is entitled with a positive right to secede and if so, under which circumstances. The basic issue can be summarised as whether or not we are facing a new course in the interpretation of certain classical categories of international law: the principle of territorial integrity, statehood, sovereignty, recognition, the right to external self-determination, etc. In this study we shall analyse some of the aspects arising from the Advisory Opinion of the International Court of Justice on the Accordance with international law of the unilateral declaration of independence in respect of Kosovo focusing on the territorial issue. Firstly we shall analyse the scope of the principle of territorial integrity of States and how it operates ; secondly, we shall focus on the scope of that principle in relation to the interior of the State, and ask ourselves how international law operates in relation to declarations of independence. Lastly, we shall deal with the principle of respect for territorial integrity in the specific case of Serbia with respect to Kosovo, and then end with a series of general conclusions. This study aims, definitely, to contribute to the theoretical debate on the challenges to the traditional certainties of international law in this area.

Global movements, national grievances. Mobilizing for “real democracy” and social justice

In the ashes of political and socio-economic collapse, social movements sometimes rise like a phoenix. Little more than a year has passed since the Tunisian uprisings, the spark that ignited a series of “mobilizations of the indignant” that spread like wildfire around the world. Many observers have reported on these unprecedented global protests. They have portrayed citizens who declare feeling marginalized if not scapegoated, and who reject the increasing inequalities between rich and poor, the declining mobility of most, and the “disclassment” of many. They have shown, as well, massive protests against governments and politicians that are perceived as indifferent at best, duplicitous at worst, and in any event as blatantly closed to popular concerns. Many journalists have indeed asked what took so long for people to protest given this fatal combination. For the social scientist, however, the questions of who, why and how mobilizes are not so simple. There are specific problematics of mediation between structure, culture and individual or collective agency that need to be addressed.

Cultura de consumo y ciudadanía activa en la sociedad contemporánea: discursos y prácticas convencionales y post-convencionales en la generación del baby-boom

627 p.

Impacto del resultado post-partido en la ansiedad cognitiva, ansiedad somática y la autoconfianza en jóvenes jugadoras de fútbol

22 p. - Publicado en CD-ROM

Impacto del resultado post-partido en el estado de ánimo en jóvenes jugadoras de fútbol

En: Investigación psicodidáctica y mejora educativa = ikerkuntza psikodidaktikoa eta hezkuntza hobekuntza (No publicado) - 11 p.

Cuando el miedo invade la ficción. Análisis de Perdidos (Lost) y de otros quality dramas de la era Post 11S.

521 p.