Las iglesias prefeudales en Alava: cronotipología y articulación espacial

[ES]El artículo constituye un avance de un proyecto de investigación en curso sobre las iglesias alavesas anteriores a los siglos XII-XIII,invisibles hasta la fecha a una metodología tradicionalmente de base analógica y formal. Se efectúa una nueva propuesta de análisis experimentada ya en la catedral de Santa María de Vitoria-Gasteiz y que se articula de la manera siguiente: 1. Lettura veloce de los principales momentos constructivos de los templos seleccionados con el objeto de individualizar estratigráficamente la fase o fases anteriores al periodo «románico». 2. Individualización y registro de las variables técnicas y formales más representativas de esta primera fase constructiva en cada una de las iglesias objeto de estudio. 3. Identificación numérica de las variables seleccionadas. 4. Creación de una tabla analítica que recoja la presencia o ausencia de estas variables en cada uno de los edificios a estudiar. 5. Agrupamiento de los edificios que comparten variables entre sí. 6. Transformación de las asociaciones tecnotipológicas en tablas cronotipológicas, es decir, en indicadores cronológicos. Resultado de todo ello ha sido la individualización de seis grupos de iglesias que se articulan diacrónicamente entre los siglos IX y XII. A modo de conclusión se avanzan, finalmente, algunas consideraciones interpretativas sobre la naturaleza de estos templos de época prefeudal.

Structural Basis for Feed-Forward Transcriptional Regulation of Membrane Lipid Homeostasis in Staphylococcus aureus

11 p.

Forward-looking Pairwise Stability in Networks with Externalities

We consider cooperation situations where players have network relations. Networks evolve according to a stationary transition probability matrix and at each moment in time players receive payoffs from a stationary allocation rule. Players discount the future by a common factor. The pair formed by an allocation rule and a transition probability matrix is called a forward-looking network formation scheme if, first, the probability that a link is created is positive if the discounted, expected gains to its two participants are positive, and if, second, the probability that a link is eliminated is positive if the discounted, expected gains to at least one of its two participants are positive. The main result is the existence, for all discount factors and all value functions, of a forward-looking network formation scheme. Furthermore, we can always nd a forward-looking network formation scheme such that (i) the allocation rule is component balanced and (ii) the transition probabilities increase in the di erence in payo s for the corresponding players responsible for the transition. We use this dynamic solution concept to explore the tension between e ciency and stability.

The forward problem for the electromagnetic Helmholtz equation

157 p.

Warsaw Conference: “Small steps forward while awaiting major decisions at the 2015 Paris Conference”

6 p.

Dietary animal and plant protein intakes and their associations with obesity and cardio-metabolic indicators in European adolescents: the HELENA cross-sectional study

Background: Previous studies suggest that dietary protein might play a beneficial role in combating obesity and its related chronic diseases. Total, animal and plant protein intakes and their associations with anthropometry and serum biomarkers in European adolescents using one standardised methodology across European countries are not well documented. Objectives: To evaluate total, animal and plant protein intakes in European adolescents stratified by gender and age, and to investigate their associations with cardio-metabolic indicators (anthropometry and biomarkers). Methods: The current analysis included 1804 randomly selected adolescents participating in the HELENA study (conducted in 2006-2007) aged 12.5-17.5 y (47% males) who completed two non-consecutive computerised 24-h dietary recalls. Associations between animal and plant protein intakes, and anthropometry and serum biomarkers were examined with General linear Model multivariate analysis. Results: Average total protein intake exceeded the recommendations of World Health Organization and European Food Safety Authority. Mean total protein intake was 96 g/d (59% derived from animal protein). Total, animal and plant protein intakes (g/d) were significantly lower in females than in males and total and plant protein intakes were lower in younger participants (12.5-14.9 y). Protein intake was significantly lower in underweight subjects and higher in obese ones; the direction of the relationship was reversed after adjustments for body weight (g/(kg.d)). The inverse association of plant protein intakes was stronger with BMI z-score and body fat percentage (BF%) compared to animal protein intakes. Additionally, BMI and BF% were positively associated with energy percentage of animal protein. Conclusions: This sample of European adolescents appeared to have adequate total protein intake. Our findings suggest that plant protein intakes may play a role in preventing obesity among European adolescents. Further longitudinal studies are needed to investigate the potential beneficial effects observed in this study in the prevention of obesity and related chronic diseases.

Development of practical methodology and indicators for on-farm animal welfare assessment

163 p.