36 resultados para Pierpaolo Cruz Bottini
em Archivo Digital para la Docencia y la Investigación - Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad del País Vasco
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2 cartas (mecanografiadas) ; 210x268mm. Ubicación: Caja 1 - Carpeta 52
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In this paper we analyze the effects of social security policies in an unfunded, earnings-related social security system on the incentives to education investment and voluntary retirement, on growth and on income inequality. Growth is endogenously driven by human capital investment, individuals differ in their innate (learning) ability at birth, and the pension scheme includes a minimum pension. More skilled individuals spend more on education, minimum pensions reduce low skill individuals' incentives to invest in human capital, there is no monotonic relationship between per capita growth and income inequality.
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Revised: 2006-11.-- Published as an article in: Journal of Public Economics 90(12), December, 2006, pp. 2323-2349.
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Published as an article in: Economic Inquiry, 2004, vol. 42, issue 4, pp. 602–617.
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In this paper we study the effect of population age distribution upon private consumption expenditure in Spain from 1964 to 1997 using aggregate data. We obtain four main results. First, changes in the population pyramid have substantial effects upon the behaviour of private consumption. Second, the pattern of the coefficients of the demographic variables is not consistent with the simplest version of the life cycle hypothesis. Third, we estimate the impact of the demographic transition upon consumption and find positive values associated with episodes in which the shares of groups of individuals with expenditure levels higher (lower) than the mean increased (decreased). Fourth, the results are robust to alternative specifications for the population age distribution.
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Published as an article in: Journal of Applied Economics, 2004, vol. VII, pages 47-76.
Depletion of the heaviest stable N isotope is associated with NH4 +/NH3 toxicity in NH4 +-fed plants
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Background: In plants, nitrate (NO(3)(-)) nutrition gives rise to a natural N isotopic signature (delta(15)N), which correlates with the delta(15)N of the N source. However, little is known about the relationship between the delta(15)N of the N source and the (14)N/(15)N fractionation in plants under ammonium (NH(4)(+)) nutrition. When NH(4)(+) is the major N source, the two forms, NH(4)(+) and NH(3), are present in the nutrient solution. There is a 1.025 thermodynamic isotope effect between NH(3) (g) and NH(4)(+)(aq) which drives to a different delta(15)N. Nine plant species with different NH(4)(+)-sensitivities were cultured hydroponically with NO(3)(-) or NH(4)(+) as the sole N sources, and plant growth and delta(15)N were determined. Short-term NH(4)(+)/NH(3) uptake experiments at pH 6.0 and 9.0 (which favours NH(3) form) were carried out in order to support and substantiate our hypothesis. N source fractionation throughout the whole plant was interpreted on the basis of the relative transport of NH(4)(+) and NH(3). -- Results: Several NO(3)(-)-fed plants were consistently enriched in (15)N, whereas plants under NH(4)(+) nutrition were depleted of (15)N. It was shown that more sensitive plants to NH(4)(+) toxicity were the most depleted in (15)N. In parallel, N-deficient pea and spinach plants fed with (15)NH(4)(+) showed an increased level of NH(3) uptake at alkaline pH that was related to the (15)N depletion of the plant. Tolerant to NH(4)(+) pea plants or sensitive spinach plants showed similar trend on (15)N depletion while slight differences in the time kinetics were observed during the initial stages. The use of RbNO(3) as control discarded that the differences observed arise from pH detrimental effects. -- Conclusions: This article proposes that the negative values of delta(15)N in NH(4)(+)-fed plants are originated from NH(3) uptake by plants. Moreover, this depletion of the heavier N isotope is proportional to the NH(4)(+)/NH(3) toxicity in plants species. Therefore, we hypothesise that the low affinity transport system for NH(4)(+) may have two components: one that transports N in the molecular form and is associated with fractionation and another that transports N in the ionic form and is not associated with fractionation.
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Presentado en el IX Workshop F.E.R.C.A.N (Fontes Epigraphici Religionum Celticarum Aantiquarum)
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Presentado en: Acta Paleohispanica X. Actas do X Colóquio Internacional sobre Línguas e Culturas Paleo-Hispânicas. Lisboa, 26-28 de Fevereiro de 2009
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Ejemplar dedicado a: Serta Palaeohispanica in honorem Javier de Hoz
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Presentado en el III Workshop F.E.R.C.A.N (Fontes Epigraphici Religionum Celticarum Aantiquarum)
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Presentado en: Acta Palaeohispanica, IX. Actas del IX Coloquio sobre Lenguas y Culturas Palaeohispánicas. Barcelona, 20-24 de octubre de 2004
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Traducido por Iñaki Villoslada Fernández
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[ES] La Portada de los Hierros tiene una configuración de retablo en piedra con una variada iconografía: cornisas, estatuas, escudos… Está formado por tres cuerpos, el central de 35 metros de altura y los dos laterales de 24, la anchura de cada uno es de unos 9 metros. Los cuerpos laterales se distribuyen en altura mediante tres niveles, teniendo el central un cuarto nivel superior que remata en una cruz flanqueada por dos figuras.
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Ponencia leída en el Foro de Comunicaciones IkasArt II (BEC Barakaldo, 2010.06.17)