Cost-Saving production technologies and strategic delegation

This work analyzes a managerial delegation model in which firms that produce a differentiated good can choose between two production technologies: a low marginal cost technology and a high marginal cost technology. For the former to be adopted more investment is needed than for the latter. By giving managers of firms an incentive scheme based on a linear combination of profit and sales revenue, we find that Bertrand competition provides a stronger incentive to adopt the cost-saving technology than the strict profit maximization case. However, the results may be reversed under Cournot competition. We show that if the degree of product substitutability is sufficiently low (high), the incentive to adopt the cost-saving technology is larger under strict profit maximization (strategic delegation).

Mergers in Durable Goods Industries

Revised 2008-11.-- Published as an article in: Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, 2008, 68, pp. 691-701.

Análisis de los factores determinantes del uso de mensajes SMS para participar en programas de televisión

[ES] El envío de mensajes cortos a programas, anuncios o concursos de televisión se ha convertido hoy en día en una fuente importante de ingresos tanto para los operadores de telefonía móvil como para las cadenas y productoras televisivas. El objetivo del presente trabajo es analizar cómo contribuye la actitud y la relación individuo-medio en que el telespectador utilice este servicio de mensajería para participar en los programas televisivos. Los resultados ponen de relieve que tanto la compatibilidad del individuo con el servicio como el entretenimiento percibido al participar en este tipo de programas y la actitud hacia el uso son factores determinantes de la utilización del servicio.

La contribución de los espacios protegidos al desarrollo socioeconómico de las comunidades rurales. Aplicación al parque natural de Izki (Álava)

399 p.:il.

Paper unemployment: the irish experience

When asked to give a paper at this conference I choosee "Incentive to encourage youth employment" but very soon into my research I felt that the overall approach to unemployment by succesive Irish Governments offered more valuable insights into this serious problem and the lack of recognition of how serious this problem is. This is particulary so for small economies and regions on the periphery of the EU.

The cross layer RMPA handover: a reliable mobility pattern aware handover strategy for broadband wireless communication in a high-speed railway domain

Enhancing the handover process in broadband wireless communication deployment has traditionally motivated many research initiatives. In a high-speed railway domain, the challenge is even greater. Owing to the long distances covered, the mobile node gets involved in a compulsory sequence of handover processes. Consequently, poor performance during the execution of these handover processes significantly degrades the global end-to-end performance. This article proposes a new handover strategy for the railway domain: the RMPA handover, a Reliable Mobility Pattern Aware IEEE 802.16 handover strategy "customized" for a high-speed mobility scenario. The stringent high mobility feature is balanced with three other positive features in a high-speed context: mobility pattern awareness, different sources for location discovery techniques, and a previously known traffic data profile. To the best of the authors' knowledge, there is no IEEE 802.16 handover scheme that simultaneously covers the optimization of the handover process itself and the efficient timing of the handover process. Our strategy covers both areas of research while providing a cost-effective and standards-based solution. To schedule the handover process efficiently, the RMPA strategy makes use of a context aware handover policy; that is, a handover policy based on the mobile node mobility pattern, the time required to perform the handover, the neighboring network conditions, the data traffic profile, the received power signal, and current location and speed information of the train. Our proposal merges all these variables in a cross layer interaction in the handover policy engine. It also enhances the handover process itself by establishing the values for the set of handover configuration parameters and mechanisms of the handover process. RMPA is a cost-effective strategy because compatibility with standards-based equipment is guaranteed. The major contributions of the RMPA handover are in areas that have been left open to the handover designer's discretion. Our simulation analysis validates the RMPA handover decision rules and design choices. Our results supporting a high-demand video application in the uplink stream show a significant improvement in the end-to-end quality of service parameters, including end-to-end delay (22%) and jitter (80%), when compared with a policy based on signal-to-noise-ratio information.

Design of a Sensor Based on Plastic Optical Fibre (POF) to Measure Fluid Flow and Turbidity

Although many optical fibre applications are based on their capacity to transmit optical signals with low losses, it can also be desirable for the optical fibre to be strongly affected by a certain physical parameter in the environment. In this way, it can be used as a sensor for this parameter. There are many strong arguments for the use of POFs as sensors. In addition to being easy to handle and low cost, they demonstrate advantages common to all multimode optical fibres. These specifically include flexibility, small size, good electromagnetic compatibility behaviour, and in general, the possibility of measuring any phenomenon without physically interacting with it. In this paper, a sensor based on POF is designed and analysed with the aim of measuring the volume and turbidity of a low viscosity fluid, in this case water, as it passes through a pipe. A comparative study with a commercial sensor is provided to validate the proven flow measurement. Likewise, turbidity is measured using different colour dyes. Finally, this paper will present the most significant results and conclusions from all the tests which are carried out.

Análisis del proceso de friction drilling. Viabilidad de la unión de materiales disimilares en uniones atornilladas sin tuerca, compatibilidad de la unión

[ES]En este trabajo se expone un estudio experimental del proceso de taladrado por fricción, más conocido como Friction Drilling y posterior roscado por laminación, en uniones de chapas de acero y aluminio, muy utilizadas en multitud de sectores, que se caracteriza por la ausencia de tuercas. La base de esta técnica es el calor producido por el rozamiento al entrar en contacto la herramienta rotativa con el material, causando el reblandecimiento del material, la fluencia y la deformación de éste. De este modo, se generará una copa cónica, que se roscará por laminación. En este trabajo se va a estudiar la viabilidad del proceso experimentalmente, obteniendo variables de entrada del proceso óptimas que generen una unión de calidad, atendiendo a diferentes aspectos. Sin embargo, se centra sobre todo en analizar la calidad de la unión en lo que se refiere a la compatibilidad de los materiales. Se estudiará la corrosión galvánica por una parte entre acero y aluminio y, por otra parte, entre acero, aluminio y el material del tornillo. Una vez concluido el trabajo, se espera obtener un proceso de unión de materiales disímiles sin tuerca, ofreciendo una mayor calidad que los procesos implementados actualmente.

Metodología para la selección de un ERP en Pymes

[ES]El siguiente trabajo consiste en una metodología de selección de un ERP orientada a Pymes, enfocada en las que tienen su actividad en el ámbito industrial. Se ha procedido explicando en una primera parte el contexto de las pymes españolas y la justificación de la necesidad de este proyecto. A continuación se detallan en la metodología los pasos y factores que se han tenido en cuenta para elaborar el proyecto, las fuentes consultadas y la forma de realizar el método. Por último se tiene un estudio de la oferta actual de ERPs, y la selección de los más importantes en el territorio español actualmente. Anexo I. Información detallada de todos los ERPs que se han elegido para el proyecto. A través de esta información (obtenida de páginas oficiales, foros, partners oficiales…) se han elaborado los cuestionarios. Anexo II. Se trata de una lista de cuestionarios dividida en bloques, según los diferentes departamentos de la empresa. El responsable de cada área deberá rellenar el bloque que le corresponde, señalando para cada ítem si lo considera necesario para la empresa o no. Al final se obtendrá una puntuación, que determinará cuáles son los ERPs que tienen mayor afinidad con la empresa. Anexo III. El cuestionario en formato Excel. Cuando se completa se obtienen de forma automática las puntuaciones ya ponderadas y la compatibilidad con cada ERP.

Zoning a cross-border city

This paper investigates zoning in a cross-border linear city that consists of two bordering towns. In each town a local regulator has a say in the location of the local firm. The incentive to gain consumers from the other town, or not to lose local consumers, may push regulators to approve only locations for firms close enough to the frontier. When zoning is costly an asymmetric equilibrium may emerge: only one regulator resorts to zoning. In the case of towns of different sizes the regulator of the larger town is the only one that zones in an asymmetric equilibrium.

Learning to perceive in the sensor motor approach: Piaget's theory of equilibration interpreted dynamically

Learning to perceive is faced with a classical paradox: if understanding is required for perception, how can we learn to perceive something new, something we do not yet understand? According to the sensorimotor approach, perception involves mastery of regular sensorimotor co-variations that depend on the agent and the environment, also known as the "laws" of sensorimotor contingencies (SMCs). In this sense, perception involves enacting relevant sensorimotor skills in each situation. It is important for this proposal that such skills can be learned and refined with experience and yet up to this date, the sensorimotor approach has had no explicit theory of perceptual learning. The situation is made more complex if we acknowledge the open-ended nature of human learning. In this paper we propose Piaget's theory of equilibration as a potential candidate to fulfill this role. This theory highlights the importance of intrinsic sensorimotor norms, in terms of the closure of sensorimotor schemes. It also explains how the equilibration of a sensorimotor organization faced with novelty or breakdowns proceeds by re-shaping pre-existing structures in coupling with dynamical regularities of the world. This way learning to perceive is guided by the equilibration of emerging forms of skillful coping with the world. We demonstrate the compatibility between Piaget's theory and the sensorimotor approach by providing a dynamical formalization of equilibration to give an explicit micro-genetic account of sensorimotor learning and, by extension, of how we learn to perceive. This allows us to draw important lessons in the form of general principles for open-ended sensorimotor learning, including the need for an intrinsic normative evaluation by the agent itself. We also explore implications of our micro-genetic account at the personal level.

Fiscal Integration in the European Union : assessment of different proposals

This paper explores the fiscal situation of the European Union as well as the different approaches proposed for achieving fiscal policy coordination among the member states. Furthermore, it works through the need of fiscal integration as a pressing matter in order for the European Union to achieve its aim of functioning as an efficient single market and economic unit. In order to do so, it analyzes the theoretical lines of the Modern Money Theory as a possible framework for further integration, and it evaluates the different proposals made for fiscal integration so that it can give an assessment regarding their compatibility with this theory.

Energy retrofits in social housing. Analysis of its thermal behaviour.

468 p.

Zonas de Brillouin de los grupos de capa

La base de datos de las zonas de Brillouin de los grupos de capa del Bilbao Crystallographic Server incluye tablas de vectores de onda y figuras que forman la base para la clasificación de las representaciones de los grupos de capa. Las propiedades de simetría de los vectores de onda se determinan por los llamados grupos del espacio recíproco y esta clasificación se compara con la que recoge el libro “Character Tables and Compatibility Relations of The Eighty Layer Groups and Seventeen Plane Groups” de Litvin & Wike.