La 'diplomacia atómica' en la Guerra Fría y Estados Unidos: ¿Teléfono Rojo? Volamos hacia Moscú

[ES]En el marco de un volumen sobre Historia y cine dedicado a Estados Unidos, este capítulo analiza, desde una perspectiva historiográfica, el film de Stanley Kubrick ¿Teléfono rojo? Volamos hacia Moscú (Dr. Strangelove, 1963/64). Expone las claves para entender esta ácida denuncia sobre la amenaza nuclear de la Guerra Fría y el desmedido poder del estamento militar en el Estados Unidos en los años de frenética carrera armamentística con la Unión Soviética, y a la vez explica el marco histórico de la temática, y singularmente la génesis del desmedido miedo al “enemigo” interior y exterior de que fue presa la sociedad norteamericana durante la Guerra Fría.

Fiscal Integration in the European Union : assessment of different proposals

This paper explores the fiscal situation of the European Union as well as the different approaches proposed for achieving fiscal policy coordination among the member states. Furthermore, it works through the need of fiscal integration as a pressing matter in order for the European Union to achieve its aim of functioning as an efficient single market and economic unit. In order to do so, it analyzes the theoretical lines of the Modern Money Theory as a possible framework for further integration, and it evaluates the different proposals made for fiscal integration so that it can give an assessment regarding their compatibility with this theory.

"Heroes" and "Villains" of World History across Cultures

Emergent properties of global political culture were examined using data from the World History Survey (WHS) involving 6,902 university students in 37 countries evaluating 40 figures from world history. Multidimensional scaling and factor analysis techniques found only limited forms of universality in evaluations across Western, Catholic/Orthodox, Muslim, and Asian country clusters. The highest consensus across cultures involved scientific innovators, with Einstein having the most positive evaluation overall. Peaceful humanitarians like Mother Theresa and Gandhi followed. There was much less cross-cultural consistency in the evaluation of negative figures, led by Hitler, Osama bin Laden, and Saddam Hussein. After more traditional empirical methods (e.g., factor analysis) failed to identify meaningful cross-cultural patterns, Latent Profile Analysis (LPA) was used to identify four global representational profiles: Secular and Religious Idealists were overwhelmingly prevalent in Christian countries, and Political Realists were common in Muslim and Asian countries. We discuss possible consequences and interpretations of these different representational profiles.