Irakurketaren onurak eta irakurzaletasuna sustatzeko jarduera eraginkorrak

Laburpena. Lan honek irakurzaletasunak eskola haurrari eskaintzen dizkion onurak zeintzuk diren zehazten du, eta azken urteotan eskoletan irakurzaletasuna sustatzeko gauzatu izan diren jarduera eraginkorrenetariko batzuk aurkezten ditu. Erabili izan den metodologia bilaketa bibliografiko sakon batean oinarrituta dago, hemen aipatzen den ekintza eraginkor bakoitzak izandako emaitzak kualitatiboki nahiz kuantitatiboki frogatuta daudelarik. Lanak hainbat muga dauzka, oso zaila delako egin diren ekintzen jarraipenen zifrak lortzea; horregatik, eraginkorrak diren beste hainbat ekintza egongo dira hemen aipatzen ez direnak datu faltagatik. Hala ere, ikerketa interesgarria da irakurzaletasunak dakartzan onurak frogatzen dituezten adituen testigantzak biltzen dituelako eta emaitza onak lortu dituzten ekintzak soilik aurkezten dituelako.

Which policy option can be more cost-effective in promoting the use of energy efficient appliances in Europe? A comparison of energy taxes, subsidies, tax credits and bans.

4 p.

Research on operating conditions at the catalytic reactor for the combined removal of NOx and PCDD/PCDFs from MWI plants

The management of municipal solid waste (MSW), particularly the role of incineration, is currently a subject of public debate. Incineration shows to be a good alternative of reducing the volume of waste and eliminating certain infectious components. Moreover, Municipal Waste Incinerators (MWI), are reported to be highly hygienic and apart from that MWIs are immediately effective in terms of transport (incinerators can be built close to the waste sources) and incineration's nature. Nevertheless, the emissions of many hazardous substances make the Municipal Waste Incineration (MWI) plants to be unpopular. Metals (especially lead, manganese, cadmium, chromium and mercury) are concentrated in fly and bottom ashes. Furthermore, incomplete combustion produces a wide variety of potentially hazardous organic compounds, such as aldehydes, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), chlorinated hydrocarbons including polychlorinated dibenzodioxins (PCDD) and dibenzofurans (PCDF), and even acid gases, including NOx. Many of these hazardous substances are carcinogenic and some have direct systemic toxicity.