Plastic Analysis and Testing of multidirectional SFRC flag slabs

This paper presents a theoretical and experimental study of multidirectional steel fibers reinforced concrete slabs (SFRC). The study is based on a real building application using SFRC flag slabs. For the evaluation of the slabs bearing capacity, plastic calculations are performed both at section and structure levels. The section analysis uses the perfect plastic stress-strain diagram, with reference to the values of the strength characteristics of SFRC based on previous jobs that used similar fibers and dosages. In the structure analysis the plastic yield lines method has been used. This method relates the section last bearing moment and the plastic collapse load. The experimental campaign has consisted of the testing of six 2 m. diameter circular shaped slabs prototypes, and has allowed to verify the reference resistance used in the calculations.

Estudio de la Calidad Experimentada (QoE) en el Servicio de Navegación Web: Contribución a la Validación de las Recomendaciones ITU-T P.1501 e ITU-T G.1031

Muchos de los servicios que hasta hace relativamente poco tiempo eran ofertados únicamente por los operadores de telecomunicaciones, han pasado en la actualidad a ser prestados por terceros gracias al modelo de servicios en la nube, impulsando el auge de este modelo frente al tradicional. Esto trae consigo un incremento en la complejidad en la implantación por parte del proveedor de políticas para la gestión de la QoS demandada por el cliente.En este nuevo escenario, el concepto de calidad de servicio ha venido evolucionando desde su definición clásica, entendida como el análisis objetivo de los indicadores intrínsecos de calidad que definen el rendimiento de un servicio, hacia una visión subjetiva centrada en el punto de vista del cliente respecto a dicho servicio. En este contexto, organismos de estandarización como la ITU, a través de sus grupos de trabajo, están fomentando el interesante planteamiento de abordar los servicios de telecomunicaciones ampliamente asentados y más que estudiados desde la vertiente clásica de la QoS, desde este nuevo prisma enfocado al cliente, en el que poder establecer una metodología de estudio de la QoE en dichos servicios. En particular, el trabajo presentado en este documento se asienta en la validación del draft de la recientemente aprobada recomendación ITU-T P.1501 (Metodología de test subjetiva para el servicio de navegación web), así como en la contribución a la recomendación G.1031 (Factores de QoE en el servicio de navegación web).

Virtualización de red basada en L2PNV para OpenStack

[ES]Este proyecto consiste en obtener un mayor control por parte del usuario a nivel de red en entornos con máquinas virtuales creadas a partir de la plataforma OpenStack. Cada vez que se arranca o inicia una máquina virtual en OpenStack, los parámetros de red se asignan por defecto, haciendo muy difícil su gestión y control tanto para investigación como para mantenimiento. Si estos parámetros siguieran un mismo patrón para cada proyecto o usuario sería mucho más sencillo tener controlado cada interfaz de red, pudiendo así gestionarlos de una manera más eficiente. Para realizar esta tarea será necesario introducir unos cambios en el código fuente de OpenStack, adaptándolo para que cumpla con nuestros requerimientos.

Estrategias en la localización de espacios para actividades productivas y económicas con un enfoque integrador: economía, sostenibilidad y planeamiento .

536 p.

Subtypes of Patients Experiencing Exacerbations of COPD and Associations with Outcomes

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a complex and heterogeneous condition characterized by occasional exacerbations. Identifying clinical subtypes among patients experiencing COPD exacerbations (ECOPD) could help better understand the pathophysiologic mechanisms involved in exacerbations, establish different strategies of treatment, and improve the process of care and patient prognosis. The objective of this study was to identify subtypes of ECOPD patients attending emergency departments using clinical variables and to validate the results using several outcomes. We evaluated data collected as part of the IRYSS-COPD prospective cohort study conducted in 16 hospitals in Spain. Variables collected from ECOPD patients attending one of the emergency departments included arterial blood gases, presence of comorbidities, previous COPD treatment, baseline severity of COPD, and previous hospitalizations for ECOPD. Patient subtypes were identified by combining results from multiple correspondence analysis and cluster analysis. Results were validated using key outcomes of ECOPD evolution. Four ECOPD subtypes were identified based on the severity of the current exacerbation and general health status (largely a function of comorbidities): subtype A (n = 934), neither high comorbidity nor severe exacerbation; subtype B (n = 682), moderate comorbidities; subtype C (n = 562), severe comorbidities related to mortality; and subtype D (n = 309), very severe process of exacerbation, significantly related to mortality and admission to an intensive care unit. Subtype D experienced the highest rate of mortality, admission to an intensive care unit and need for noninvasive mechanical ventilation, followed by subtype C. Subtypes A and B were primarily related to other serious complications. Hospitalization rate was more than 50% for all the subtypes, although significantly higher for subtypes C and D than for subtypes A and B. These results could help identify characteristics to categorize ECOPD patients for more appropriate care, and help test interventions and treatments in subgroups with poor evolution and outcomes.

Diseño de un programa de entrenamiento para la prevención de lesiones en el ligamento cruzado anterior en jugadores de baloncesto

El proyecto está encuadrado dentro de la temática de Entrenamiento deportivo, el primer objetivo de este trabajo es el de conocer el función del ligamento cruzado anterior dentro de la articulación de la rodilla. A continuación identificar los diferentes factores que influyen en la lesión del ligamento cruzado en jugadores de baloncesto. Y posteriormente, el trabajo se centra en el desarrollo de un posible programa de prevención de las lesiones que afectan a dicho ligamento y que sirva para reducir el riesgo lesivo en los jugadores de baloncesto. Por lo que la primera parte del proyecto es de carácter fundamentalmente teórico, para ello ha sido llevada a cabo una revisión bibliográfica del tema que nos compete, recopilando y tratando toda la información de manera que pueda ser usada para el posterior desarrollo de la propuesta de plan de entrenamiento. La segunda parte consiste en el desarrollo y presentación del plan de entrenamiento, basándonos en los datos científicos recabados anteriormente, utilizando como base dicha información para fundamentar la objetividad del programa de entrenamiento propuesto.

Igualdad de sacrificio: una aplicación para el IRPF en Bizkaia

En el presente trabajo pretendemos analizar la reforma fiscal llevada a cabo en el territorio histórico de Bizkaia en el ejercicio 2.006, y que entró en vigor el 1 de enero de 2.007. En concreto, se pretende analizar el efecto que tuvo sobre los contribuyentes, desglosándolo por niveles de renta. Con este objeto, planteamos la hipótesis de igualdad de sacrificio, y contrastamos su cumplimiento en los años 2.006 y 2.007, esto es, el último año previo a la entrada en vigor de la reforma y el primero en el que se aplico la nueva normativa. Los resultados muestran que, si bien en el año 2.006 no se cumplía el principio de igualdad de sacrificio, en el año 2.007 hay evidencia a favor de que sí se estuviese cumpliendo. Finalmente, se proponen formas funcionales impositivas alternativas a la empleada en la hipótesis de igualdad de sacrificio, observándose unos resultados similares a los obtenidos mediante la hipótesis de igualdad de sacrificio.

Data Gathering Bias: Trait Vulnerability to Psychotic Symptoms?

Background Jumping to conclusions (JTC) is associated with psychotic disorder and psychotic symptoms. If JTC represents a trait, the rate should be (i) increased in people with elevated levels of psychosis proneness such as individuals diagnosed with borderline personality disorder (BPD), and (ii) show a degree of stability over time. Methods The JTC rate was examined in 3 groups: patients with first episode psychosis (FEP), BPD patients and controls, using the Beads Task. PANSS, SIS-R and CAPE scales were used to assess positive psychotic symptoms. Four WAIS III subtests were used to assess IQ. Results A total of 61 FEP, 26 BPD and 150 controls were evaluated. 29 FEP were revaluated after one year. 44% of FEP (OR = 8.4, 95% CI: 3.9-17.9) displayed a JTC reasoning bias versus 19% of BPD (OR = 2.5, 95% CI: 0.8-7.8) and 9% of controls. JTC was not associated with level of psychotic symptoms or specifically delusionality across the different groups. Differences between FEP and controls were independent of sex, educational level, cannabis use and IQ. After one year, 47.8% of FEP with JTC at baseline again displayed JTC. Conclusions JTC in part reflects trait vulnerability to develop disorders with expression of psychotic symptoms.

Nazioarteko ekonomia eta nazioarteko erakundeak

Azken hamarkadan eredu liberalaren hedapenak eraginda nazioarteko akordioak, gehienbat eskualde mailakoak, ugaritu egin dira. Horrek, ekonomia arloan, merkataritza eta inbertsioak gai nagusi bihurtu ditu. Nazioarteko mailan harreman ekonomikoak zehaztasunez aztertzera bultzatzen gaitu. Nazioarteko harreman hauetan aipatzekoak dira potentzia ekonomiko maila ezberdinen arteko elkartrukeak. Hala nola periferia-zentro edota ipar-hegoaldeen arteko merkataritza erlazioa, AEB eta Mexikoren NAFTA merkataritza librerako ituna adibide dena.

Nazioarteko merkataritza akordioak

Euskaraz idatzita.Amerikako Estatu Batuen eta Erdialdeko Amerikaren arteko harremanak aztertzen dira bertan, DR-CAFTA izeneko Merkataritza Libreko Akordioak, epe labur, ertain eta luzean Erdialdeko Amerikako Herialdeentzat suposatu dituen ondorio garrantzitsuenak azaltzen dira bertan.

RESTful Discovery and Eventing for Service Provisioning in Assisted Living Environments

Service provisioning in assisted living environments faces distinct challenges due to the heterogeneity of networks, access technology, and sensing/actuation devices in such an environment. Existing solutions, such as SOAP-based web services, can interconnect heterogeneous devices and services, and can be published, discovered and invoked dynamically. However, it is considered heavier than what is required in the smart environment-like context and hence suffers from performance degradation. Alternatively, REpresentational State Transfer (REST) has gained much attention from the community and is considered as a lighter and cleaner technology compared to the SOAP-based web services. Since it is simple to publish and use a RESTful web service, more and more service providers are moving toward REST-based solutions, which promote a resource-centric conceptualization as opposed to a service-centric conceptualization. Despite such benefits of REST, the dynamic discovery and eventing of RESTful services are yet considered a major hurdle to utilization of the full potential of REST-based approaches. In this paper, we address this issue, by providing a RESTful discovery and eventing specification and demonstrate it in an assisted living healthcare scenario. We envisage that through this approach, the service provisioning in ambient assisted living or other smart environment settings will be more efficient, timely, and less resource-intensive.

Osasun politikak garapenerako lankidetzan: Milaurteko Helburuak eta azken joerak

Garapena lortzeko Milaurteko Akordioa sinatu zenetik gaur egun arte eman diren aldaketen analisi sakon bat egin, helburuen nondik norako jarraipen bat eginez eta errealitatea zorrotz aztertuz. Hizkuntza: Euskera.

Involvement of ANXA5 and ILKAP in Susceptibility to Malignant Melanoma

Single nucleotide-polymorphisms (SNPs) are a source of diversity among human population, which may be responsible for the different individual susceptibility to diseases and/or response to drugs, among other phenotypic traits. Several low penetrance susceptibility genes associated with malignant melanoma (MM) have been described, including genes related to pigmentation, DNA damage repair and oxidative stress pathways. In the present work, we conducted a candidate gene association study based on proteins and genes whose expression we had detected altered in melanoma cell lines as compared to normal melanocytes. The result was the selection of 88 loci and 384 SNPs, of which 314 fulfilled our quality criteria for a case-control association study. The SNP rs6854854 in ANXA5 was statistically significant after conservative Bonferroni correction when 464 melanoma patients and 400 controls were analyzed in a discovery Phase I. However, this finding could not be replicated in the validation phase, perhaps because the minor allele frequency of SNP rs6854854 varies depending on the geographical region considered. Additionally, a second SNP (rs6431588) located on ILKAP was found to be associated with melanoma after considering a combined set of 1,883 MM cases and 1,358 disease-free controls. The OR was 1.29 (95% CI 1.12-1.48; p-value= 4x10(-4)). Both SNPs, rs6854854 in ANXA5 and rs6431588 in ILKAP, show population structure, which, assuming that the Spanish population is not significantly structured, suggests a role of these loci on a specific genetic adaptation to different environmental conditions. Furthermore, the biological relevance of these genes in MM is supported by in vitro experiments, which show a decrease in the transcription levels of ANXA5 and ILKAP in melanoma cells compared to normal melanocytes.

The patents in the introduction of reinforced concrete in Spain: "Alhondiga de Bilbao" case study

Reinforced concrete structures are introduced in Spain mainly by French influence. This happens in the late nineteenth century, following the scheme operating through proprietary systems prevailing in Europe. Systems initially have poor scientific support reaching, even early twentieth century, an impediment to the development of concrete structures, due to the lack of knowledge shown, as well as due to a series of accidents. Therefore, from the end of the first decade of the past century are enacted a series of regulations in many countries, that will change the design and calculation of reinforced concrete structure. The knowledge of the environment of the patent systems, its beginnings and the circumstances of their application allow us to understand the constraints of the early concrete structures, as presented in the Bilbao wine store (1906).