Características neuropsicológicas de pacientes con Enfermedad de Parkinson y portadores asintomáticos de la mutación R1441G en el gen LRRK2

238 p.

Adenylate Cyclase Toxin promotes bacterial internalisation into non phagocytic cells

Bordetella pertussis causes whooping cough, a respiratory infectious disease that is the fifth largest cause of vaccine-preventable death in infants. Though historically considered an extracellular pathogen, this bacterium has been detected both in vitro and in vivo inside phagocytic and non-phagocytic cells. However the precise mechanism used by B. pertussis for cell entry, or the putative bacterial factors involved, are not fully elucidated. Here we find that adenylate cyclase toxin (ACT), one of the important toxins of B. pertussis, is sufficient to promote bacterial internalisation into non-phagocytic cells. After characterization of the entry route we show that uptake of "toxin-coated bacteria" proceeds via a clathrin-independent, caveolae-dependent entry pathway, allowing the internalised bacteria to survive within the cells. Intracellular bacteria were found inside non-acidic endosomes with high sphingomyelin and cholesterol content, or "free" in the cytosol of the invaded cells, suggesting that the ACT-induced bacterial uptake may not proceed through formation of late endolysosomes. Activation of Tyr kinases and toxin-induced Ca2+-influx are essential for the entry process. We hypothesize that B. pertussis might use ACT to activate the endocytic machinery of non-phagocytic cells and gain entry into these cells, in this way evading the host immune system.

Estudios del efecto de la radiación ionizante sobre la permeabilidad de membranas modelo

La membrana biológica es una barrera hidrofóbica semipermeable de naturaleza compleja, cuya estructura consiste en una doble capa de moléculas de lípidos en la cual las proteínas están insertadas. Existen diferentes modelos para su estudio, uno de los cuales se basa en la utilización de membranas modelo. Por otra parte, la radioterapia es uno de los principales tratamientos para los distintos tipos de cáncer. En este trabajo se estudia el efecto de la radiación ionizante sobre la permeabilidad de membranas modelo, con objeto de comprender los mecanismos de su acción sobre dicho tratamiento.