Cuantificación y monitorización del hígado graso no alcohólico mediante resonancia magnética

133 p. + anexos

Constantes y variabilidad del arte portátil Magdaleniense en la vertiente Cantábrica

[ES] El arte mueble del Magdaleniense cantábrico ofrece unas 250 manifestaciones con temas de figuras (sobre todo, animales: esquematizaciones de cabezas de cabra y de peces y ciervas realistas son los más abundantes) y de algunos esquemas/signos más complejos. Se analizan sus caracteres formales, técnicos y de estilo; y se muestra lo que hay de constante en ellos dentro del Magdaleniense y sus variaciones a lo largo del período. Se insiste en algunos caracteres diferenciales entre el Magdaleniense inferior y el avanzado («con arpones»).

Geochemical characterization of the fire-fountain fed deposits of Las Herrerias volcano (Campo de Calatrava Volcanic Field, Ciudad Real)

The Las Herrerias volcano (Bolanos de Calatrava, Campo de Calatrava Volcanic Field) is characterized by the great amount and variety of fire-fountain fed deposits. All these deposits are compositionally similar, being constituted by magnesium-rich (MgO = 11.58-4.19%), aluminium-poor (Al2O3 = 9.64-10.99%) highly sodic (Na2O = 2.24-3.81%) melanephelinites, with high contents in rare earth-elements (10x-200x chondrite), particularly in light-rare earth elements with respect to the heavy ones [(La/Lu)(N) = 32-35]. Contrary to the equivalent melanephelinites of this volcanic field, the relatively low contents in Ni (233-286 ppm), Cr (393-520 ppm) and magnesium number (Mg* = 45-54) indicate that these rocks do not correspond with primary melts. On the other hand, the variable distribution of clinopyroxene in the magma during eruption would be responsible for the slight compositional differences observed in the studied samples. Finally, we argue that these fire fountains were developed in a continental intraplate setting.

Raíces estéticas de la música cubana, antecedentes de la canción popular, variantes y tipos (1800-1934): un estudio intercultural

192 p.

Oteiza y Malévich. El proyecto de cementerio Izarrak Alde (del lado de las estrellas) para Ametzagaña

539 p.; 261 p.(anexos)

La datación de la gráfica rupestre de apariencia paleolítica: un siglo de conjeturas y datos

[ES] Hace un siglo Altamira y La Mouthe suscitaron el primer discurso de autentificación de la gráfica rupestre de apariencia paleolítica. Se repasan varios casos recientes de peritaje del arte rupestre occidental que recurren a conjeturas, datos y argumentos varios para validar grabados y pinturas «descontextualizados» (al margen de depósitos estratificados y que no pueden ser datados directamente). En estos años 90 nuevas perspectivas de datación y análisis intentan precisar (¿renovar?) los argumentos de autentificación.

Novel Papillomaviruses in Free-Ranging Iberian Bats: No Virus-Host Co-evolution, No Strict Host Specificity, and Hints for Recombination

Papillomaviruses (PVs) are widespread pathogens. However, the extent of PV infections in bats remains largely unknown. This work represents the first comprehensive study of PVs in Iberian bats. We identified four novel PVs in the mucosa of free-ranging Eptesicus serotinus (EserPV1, EserPV2, and EserPV3) and Rhinolophus ferrumequinum (RferPV1) individuals and analyzed their phylogenetic relationships within the viral family. We further assessed their prevalence in different populations of E. serotinus and its close relative E. isabellinus. Although it is frequent to read that PVs co-evolve with their host, that PVs are highly species-specific, and that PVs do not usually recombine, our results suggest otherwise. First, strict virus-host co-evolution is rejected by the existence of five, distantly related bat PV lineages and by the lack of congruence between bats and bat PVs phylogenies. Second, the ability of EserPV2 and EserPV3 to infect two different bat species (E. serotinus and E. isabellinus) argues against strict host specificity. Finally, the description of a second noncoding region in the RferPV1 genome reinforces the view of an increased susceptibility to recombination in the E2-L2 genomic region. These findings prompt the question of whether the prevailing paradigms regarding PVs evolution should be reconsidered.

Rediseño de la identidad visual corporativa de Sunlight Consultores S.L

[ES] Como proyecto de fin de carrera se ha elaborado el manual de identidad corporativa de la empresa Sunlight Consultores S.L. Es un trabajo práctico funcional, desarrollado para un cliente real.

Lymphangioleiomyomatosis Biomarkers Linked to Lung Metastatic Potential and Cell Stemness

Lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM) is a rare lung-metastasizing neoplasm caused by the proliferation of smooth muscle-like cells that commonly carry loss-of-function mutations in either the tuberous sclerosis complex 1 or 2 (TSC1 or TSC2) genes. While allosteric inhibition of the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) has shown substantial clinical benefit, complementary therapies are required to improve response and/or to treat specific patients. However, there is a lack of LAM biomarkers that could potentially be used to monitor the disease and to develop other targeted therapies. We hypothesized that the mediators of cancer metastasis to lung, particularly in breast cancer, also play a relevant role in LAM. Analyses across independent breast cancer datasets revealed associations between low TSC1/2 expression, altered mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1) pathway signaling, and metastasis to lung. Subsequently, immunohistochemical analyses of 23 LAM lesions revealed positivity in all cases for the lung metastasis mediators fascin 1 (FSCN1) and inhibitor of DNA binding 1 (ID1). Moreover, assessment of breast cancer stem or luminal progenitor cell biomarkers showed positivity in most LAM tissue for the aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 (ALDH1), integrin-beta 3 (ITGB3/CD61), and/or the sex-determining region Y-box 9 (SOX9) proteins. The immunohistochemical analyses also provided evidence of heterogeneity between and within LAM cases. The analysis of Tsc2-deficient cells revealed relative over-expression of FSCN1 and ID1; however, Tsc2-deficient cells did not show higher sensitivity to ID1-based cancer inhibitors. Collectively, the results of this study reveal novel LAM biomarkers linked to breast cancer metastasis to lung and to cell stemness, which in turn might guide the assessment of additional or complementary therapeutic opportunities for LAM.

Hizkuntza eskubideak estatuz gaineko Europan

Egungo Europa 50 estatu inguruk osatzen dute eta bertan 700 milioitik gora pertsonak hitz egiten dituzten 200 hizkuntza baino gehiago daude. Geografikoki eremu nahiko mugatua eta txikia izan arren, oso anitza ere badela esan dezakegu. Hizkuntza alorrean dagoen aniztasun horren gainean Europan egin den kudeaketa azaltzen ahaleginduko naiz lan honen bitartez, horretarako Europan azken hamarkadetan aintzatetsitako hizkuntza eskubideak, horien eraentza eta horien baitan emandako jurisprudentzia azalduz.

Lethal Interpersonal Violence in the Middle Pleistocene

Evidence of interpersonal violence has been documented previously in Pleistocene members of the genus Homo, but only very rarely has this been posited as the possible manner of death. Here we report the earliest evidence of lethal interpersonal violence in the hominin fossil record. Cranium 17 recovered from the Sima de los Huesos Middle Pleistocene site shows two clear perimortem depression fractures on the frontal bone, interpreted as being produced by two episodes of localized blunt force trauma. The type of injuries, their location, the strong similarity of the fractures in shape and size, and the different orientations and implied trajectories of the two fractures suggest they were produced with the same object in face-to-face interpersonal conflict. Given that either of the two traumatic events was likely lethal, the presence of multiple blows implies an intention to kill. This finding shows that the lethal interpersonal violence is an ancient human behavior and has important implications for the accumulation of bodies at the site, supporting an anthropic origin.