3 resultados para Rejet urbain

em Archimer: Archive de l'Institut francais de recherche pour l'exploitation de la mer


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In order to increase our knowledge about sediment transport in the bay and maritime part of the River of Morlaix (Finistère), measurernènts have been perforrned on site. This report gives the granulometrical and physical parameters of the sediments as weIl as the hydrodynamics, used for a model of particulate transport in the area. The rnodel and its application will be published later

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L’objectif de ce travail est mettre en place un modèle hydro-sédimentaire de dispersion des radionucléides, comme outil d’aide à la décision suite à une hypothétique contamination marine accidentelle. Appliqué à la Rade de Toulon, il utilise le modèle MARS-3D pour l’étude hydrodynamique et le module MIXSED pour la dynamique des différentes classes de sédiments. Les cas d’application présentés concernent le césium et le plutonium, qui ont des affinités très différentes avec les sédiments fins. Les simulations de rejet, effectuées en fond de baie, montrent une variabilité saisonnière marquée, due aux conditions météorologiques typiques, mais aussi aux conditions de débit et de charge sédimentaire associée du fleuve Las, qui se jette dans la Rade. Ainsi, les simulations par forts vents, qui favorisent la circulation et les échanges de masses d’eau, présentent une diminution rapide des activités dissoutes. Par ailleurs, le Vent d’Est hivernal, qui engendre d’importantes crues du Las et un apport de sédiments à la Rade, favorise le piégeage des radionucléides dans les sédiments de fond, où les deuxtiers de la contamination initiale sont piégés après une simulation de deux mois.

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During storage of smoke-dried fish, various biochemical reactions can occur; they will result in product acceptability or rejection. To determine these changes, pH and humidity were measured and molds were counted on smoke-dried fish stored for 6 months. A sensory analysis was also conducted to assess the quality of the products. Infestations and losses linked to it have been estimated by counting the insects and weighing of fish batches over time. The variability in the quality of smoke-dried fish depending on the time of purchase and storage was also integrated with our study. Biochemical reactions are mainly oxidation phenomena which result in a decrease of pH and release of spoilage odors such as rancid odor (> 1.5/ 3) or sulfur, acid and moldy odors. The growth of mold (1- 36 CFU / g) due to the reabsorption of water by fish contributes to this olfactory and visual spoilage. Beyond 90 days of storage, smoke-dried fish bought in the dry season begins to be rejected (> 2/3), while the fish bought in the wet season is at the limit of acceptability (2/3) even at the beginning of storage. During the first 90 days of storage, the insect infestation generates between 10 and 60 % of losses. A salt content of 8 % appears to be effective against the infestation but contributes to the deterioration of the product when stored in rooms with higher than 65 % relative humidity.