The food of the larvae of the northern anchovy Engraulis mordax

ENGLISH: Hitherto the only investigation dealing with the food and feeding of the larvae of the northern anchovy, Engraulis mordax Girard, was that of Arthur (1956). His main consideration was, however, with the Pacific sardine, Sardinops caerulea (Girard), and his work on the anchovy can only be considered preliminary. The present investigation is a continuation of Arthur's work on the food of the larval northern anchovy. SPANISH:El único trabajo publicado hasta ahora que trata sobre el alimento y nutrición de las larvas de la anchoa norteña, Engraulis mordax Girard, es el de Arthur (1956); pero su objeto principal fué la sardina del Pacifico, Sardinops caendea (Girard), y el estudio dedicado a la anchoa solo puede considerarse como preliminar. La presente investigación es una continuación del estudio de Arthur sobre el alimento de las larvas de la anchoa norteña.

An egg production method for estimating spawning biomass of pelagic fish: Application to the northern anchovy, Engraulis mordax

Fishery scientists engaged in estimating the size of free-swimming populations have never had a technique available to them whereby all the parameters could be estimated from a resource survey and where no parameter values need to be assumed. Recognizing the need for a technique of this kind, the staff of the Coastal Fisheries Resources Division of the Southwest Fisheries Center (SWFC) devised an egg production method for anchovy biomass assessment. Previously, anchovy biomass was estimated by approximate methods derived from a long-time series and anchovy larval abundance, which required about 5 ma of shiptime each year to integrate the area under a seasonal spawning curve. One major assumption used in the larval abundance census method is that there is constant proportionality between larval numbers and spawning biomass. This has now proved to be erroneous. (PDF file contains 105 pages.)

Species Profiles: Life Histories and Environmental Requirements of Coastal Fishes and Invertebrates (Mid-Atlantic): Bay anchovy

The bay anchovy occurs along the Atlantic and Gulf of Mexico coasts, from Cape Cod, Massachusetts, to Yucatan, Mexico (Hildebrand 1963), except for the Florida Keys where it is apparently absent (Daly 1970). (PDF contains 22 pages)

Species Profiles: Life Histories and Environmental Requirements of Coastal Fishes and Invertebrates (Gulf of Mexico): Bay anchovy and Striped Anchovy

(PDF contains 24 pages)

Species Profiles: Life Histories and Environmental Requirements of Coastal Fishes and Invertebrates (Pacific Southwest): Northern anchovy

Three genetically distinct groups: British Columbia to northern California, Southern California to the northern Baja peninsula, and central and southern Baja California. (PDF contains 21 pages)

Size at first maturity of the anchovy (Engraulis encrasicolus) in Ghanaian waters and suggestions for appropriate mesh size in its fishery

The main length at first maturity of anchovy Engraulis encrasicolus in Ghanaian waters has been estimated using length-frequency and gonad data sampled between June 1983 and September 1986 off Accra and Tema, Ghana. The length at first maturity of these fish is around 5.7 cm (fork length). The minimum mesh size for rational exploitation of the resource in Ghanaian waters is put at about 20 mm (0.8 inch).

The distribution of phytoplankton pigments and the fishery of anchovy (Engraulis encrasicolus) in the Hellenic seas

A brief description of the Greek fisheries for the anchovy (Engraulis encrasicolus, Engraulidae) is given, with emphasis on the spatial distribution of the catch. Satellite images of phytoplankton pigment distribution obtained with NIMBUS-7 are used to explain local abundance of the dynamics of anchovy populations.

Recruitment and spawning-stock biomass distribution of bay anchovy (Anchoa mitchilli) in Chesapeake Bay

Recruitment of bay anchovy (Anchoa mitchilli) in Chesapeake is related to variability in hydrological conditions and to abundance and spatial distribution of spawning stock biomass (SSB). Midwater-trawl surveys conducted for six years, over the entire 320-km length of the bay, provided information on anchovy SSB, annual spatial patterns of recruitment, and their relationships to variability in the estuarine environment. SSB of anchovy varied sixfold in 1995–2000; it alone explained little variability in young-of-the-year (YOY) recruitment level in October, which varied ninefold. Recruitments were low in 1995 and 1996 (47 and 31 Z 109) but higher in 1997–2000 (100 to 265 Z 109). During the recruitment process the YOY population migrated upbay before a subsequent fall-winter downbay migration. The extent of the downbay migration by maturing recruits was greatest in years of high freshwater input to the bay. Mean dissolved oxygen (DO) was more important than freshwater input in controlling distribution of SSB and shifts in SSB location between April– May (prespawning) and June–August (spawning) periods. Recruitments of bay anchovy were higher when mean DO was lowest in the downbay region during the spawning season. It is hypothesized that anchovy recruitment level is inversely related to mean DO concentration because low DO is associated with high plankton productivity in Chesapeake Bay. Additionally, low DO conditions may confine most bay anchovy spawners to the downbay region, where production of larvae and juveniles is enhanced. A modified Ricker stock-recruitment model indicated density-compensatory recruitment with respect to SSB and demonstrated the importance of spring-summer DO levels and spatial distribution of SSB as controllers of bay anchovy recruitment.

Growth of the buccaneer anchovy Encrasicholina punctifer off Mozambique, based on samples collected in research surveys

Growth of Encrasicholina punctifer (Engraulididae) is estimated, based on samples obtained during five surveys on Sofala Bank (central Mozambique). The estimated values of the von Bertalanffy growth function, TL∞=12 cm and K=2.0 yearˉ¹ are compared with results of growth studies elsewhere in the Indo-Pacific region, based mainly on the index Φ=log(sub)10 K+2*log(sub)10L∞ assumed to be constant within species. This comparison is rendered difficult by the uncertain taxonomical status of stolephorid anchovies.

Study of feeding competition between invasion ctenophore (M. leidyi) and anchovy (C. engrauliformis) in the Southern Caspian Sea (Mazandran Coast)

Mnemiopsis leidyi one species of phylum Ctenophora, is a native species in America. It has most likely moved across the Atlantic in the ballast water of cargo ships to the Black sea in 1982, and then to the Caspian Sea thought the Volga-Don Channel, in Nov 1999. The population of M. leidyi rows rapidly and by end of 2000, the entire sea was teeming with them. This survey was arranged In order to study the relationship between the invasion of M. leidyi and sharp decline in main stocks pelagic fish such as Kilka. Dietary analysis was conducted on Anchovy Killka (Clupeonella engrauliformis) and M. leidyi from August 2001 to October 2002 in two stations, located at the costal water near Babolsar (52.38° E ,36.42° N ) and Noshahar (51.33° E,36.39° N) in the Caspian Sea province of Mazandaran, Iran. M. leidyi was caught by plankton net, at three vertical strata of both station at surface 5 in, 10m, and 15 m the Kilka was caught by fisheries boat at Babolasar fishery harbour. Samples of M. leidyi were not fixed in its common fixative, we used 96% Ethanol In order to study of M. leidyi digestion system some alive samples, directly, were studied by the fluorescence microscope which was connected to a computer prepared specially for this process. In many cases, the light was directly reflected on the sample and microscopic image was prepared in dark background. We found that there were some common organisms in diet of both species. The Schoener index analysis reflected these similarities, as values more than critical level of overlap (>89 in Babolsar samples and >84 in Noshahar samples) were found. Results from this study suggests that M. leidyi and Anchovy have a similar feeding niche and computation between them is one of the reasons to decline in anchovy stocks. Economical effects of M. leidyi s invasion in research area were studied by data on kilka caught before and after introducing M. leidyi.

PICES Press, Vol. 14, No. 1, January 2006

The state of PICES science - 2005 (pdf, 0.2 Mb) 2005 Wooster Award (pdf, 0.4 Mb) Korea and U.S. federate metadata collection (pdf, 0.3 Mb) PICES Interns (pdf, 0.3 Mb) Studies on long-term variation of ocean ecosystem / climate interactions based on the Odate collection (pdf, 0.2 Mb) Hokkaido University Fisheries & Oceanographic Database CD-ROM (pdf, 0.2 Mb) Workshop on sardine and anchovy fluctuations (pdf, 0.1 Mb) Photo highlights of PICES XIV (pdf, 0.4 Mb) Workshop on SEEDS-II (pdf, 0.2 Mb) NPAFC-PICES joint symposium "The status of Pacific salmon and their role in North Pacific marine ecosystems" (pdf, 0.2 Mb) PICES Calendar (pdf, 0.2 Mb) New Chairman of the PICES Fishery Science Committee (pdf, 0.1 Mb) The state of the western North Pacific in the first half of 2005 (pdf, 0.4 Mb) Latest and upcoming PICES publications (pdf, 0.4 Mb) Recent trends in waters of the subarctic NE Pacific (pdf, 0.2 Mb) The Bering Sea: Current status and recent events (pdf, 0.1 Mb) PICES and GLOBEC to sponsor workshop on sub-arctic seas (pdf, 0.1 Mb) Professor Mikhail N. Koshlyakov - 75 (pdf, 0.1 Mb) Obituary - Dr. Al Tyler (pdf, 0.1 Mb)