The effect of Ligula intestinalis on blood sex steroid hormones, gonadal tissue and some other biological parameters changes of Chalcalburnus mossulensis in Vahdat dam of Kordestan-Iran

Chalcalburnus mossulensis from the cyprinidae family is one of the indigenous fish in Gheshlag Lake of Kordestan-Iran. Ligula intestinalis is one of the infective parasites of this fish. In this study, the effect of this parasite on some biological aspects of this fish like weight, length, PI, CF, GSR, blood sex steroid hormones and gonadal tissue, was investigated. During one year, by seasonal sampling, 144 fish sample from mentioned species were collected using trap net. By considering the scale sample, the fish with the same age were separated and tested as the point of infection with the parasite. By biochemical and histopathological investigation of fish blood and gonad tissue, it was clear that increase in infection rate of fish, caused decrease in biological parameters. There was a significant difference (p<0.05) between the means of sex steroid hormones (17-B Estradiol and Testostreone) of infected and non-infected fish and this parameter was significantly lower in infected ones. This significant difference also was seen between the means of male and female gonads maturation steps of infected and non-infected samples. The reason for lack of maturation of gonads tissue is infection by Ligula intestinalis. Also in gonads of infected fish, abnormal degenerative changes like MMC (Melano-Macrophage Center), hemorrhage and necrosis were seen that were not reported by other researchers. So the spread of this parasite in different water sources should be consider as the point of the maintenance of native species and cultivated fish.

Investigation on reproduction process in two species of crab Eriphia sebana and Ocypode saratan in the intertidal zone of Chabahar area

The present study with headline investigation on reproduction in two species of Crab Eriphia sebana and Ocypode saratan was carried out in the intertidal zone of Chabahar in thirteen month from December 2004 to December 2005. Checked samplings have been taken, 45 number Crab monthly from any four stations by manual or use trap. During this study the following subjects were measured: Temperature range and salinity, Measurable coast granule, Determination of sex ratio, Relations carapace width with carapace length, Carapace width with total body weight, Gonad weight, gonadosomatic index, condition factor, gastrosomatic index, investigation content in stomach, LM50, Growth parameters, plenty distribution length and width and gonad weight and total body weight. Studied on measurable coast granule were expressed that Ocypode saratan in Desalination station, were nest in soils equable sand and this quantity were confirmed in Pozm station. Sex ratio were assign in desalination area and Pozm M: F 0/44:0/56 and in Tiss and Chabahar M: F 0/45:0/55. Carapace length and carapace width (cm) and body weight (g) Furthest were designated in Ocypode saratan within carapace width sequential: female: 5/42-6/15-105/13 and male: 5/53-6/25-108/91 and in Eriphia sebana within Tiss area sequential: female: 5/12-5/94-110/21 and male 5/14-60/01-114/37. Have been linear relationship between carapace length and carapace width and equaled CW = a CL + b. Weight growth in two species were be modal and equaled BW= aCLb and increased Crab weight by built up carapace width. Maximum gonad weight in Ocypode saratan within desalination area in female have been outcome 3/39 and in male 0/84g and in Eriphia sebana extreme within Tiss during may in female were be 4/18 and in male 1/1g. Stomach content in Eriphia sebana were involved a black until half-purplish liquid and yellowish in Ocypode saratan. Stomach contents identifiable were being in four groups: Molluscoid, Crustacean, Plankton and Fish. Carapace width during the first year of maturation have been LM50:3/77 in Desalination area and LM50:3/92 in Pozm for Ocypode saratan and LM50:4/26 in Tiss and LM50:4/62 in Chabahar. Ability spawning in Eriphia sebana within Tiss has been CW=4/17cm and in Ocypode saratan within Desalination area CW=4/23cm. Maximun value of Loo for Eriphia sebana was equal 59/67 and growth factor K=0/68 within Tiss and Loo =61/64 , K=0/65 for Ocypode saratan within Desalination area. Maximun GSI and GI have been within Desalination area and Tiss and minimum within Pozm and Chabahar. The maturity stages of two species were classifed into six stages. Review on GSI, CF have been showed that relation with temperature and salinity and definer in two species have been spawned in two period that Maximun in spring premier than autumn.