The QBO, El Niño, and tidal resonance model

I tentatively conclude ... that the QBO may be either modulated or amplified by atmospheric tidal resonances. The generally strong correlation between the QBO and tropical Southern Oscillation, in turn, suggests that one or probably both of these stratospheric and tropospheric oscillations are modulated or amplified by the same tidal-resonance system. ... The strikingly weaker correlation between the Southern Oscillation and El Niño events strongly suggests that some critical parameters are missing in the GCMs specifically designed to predict El Niño occurrence.

Addendum I: Paleoclimate and the Solar-Insolation/Tidal-Resonance Climate Model

Recent papers provide detailed analyses of more than 40 high-resolution time series culled from the extensive paleoclimate literature that appear to define cyclical elements of the Solar-Insolation/Tidal-Resonance Climate Model. This model was earlier referred to as the Milankovitch/Pettersson Climatic Theory. This paper provides comparable analyses of an additional 20 or so, evidently supportive, climate and volcanic time series. The tree-ring, historical, pollen, cultural, time-frequency, and hydrologic records range in length from 400 to 90,000 years and spatially from Alaska to Tierra del Fuego.

Survey of food supplementary (Pseudomonas fluorescence) and live food (Algae and brine shrimp) on Penaeus indicus larval stages

In this study ,the effects of Pseudomonas fluorescence obtained from generator pond water of Kolahi as supplementary and four algae consisting of : Chaetoceros sp, Chlorella and Skeletonema sp and Tetraselmis sp, three types of artemia as live food larval states from zoa to postlarvae (PL4 ) Penaeus indicus were investigated. The results indicate that Pseudomonas fluorescence has positive effect on Penaeus indicits larvae growth and their living food. Effective ranges at minimum and maximum were estimated. In most cases optimum dosage was approximately determined. Optimum dosage is between 50 -150 milligrams per liter for living food and Penaeus larval More than 200 milligram per liter resulted in a negative effect on the growth and survival. Also the results indicate Uromiana artemia. Requires a higher concentration of the bacteria the imported artemia. As a conclusion it is recommended to introduce Pseudonionas fluorescence as a new medium for the growth of some mentioned algae .