Influence of Foliar Exposure, Adjuvants, and Rain-free Period on the Efficacy of Glyphosate for Torpedograss Control

The proportion of torpedograss tissue exposed to glyphosate at application rates of 0.28, 0.56, 1.12, 2.24, and 4.48 kg/ha affected control as measured by regrowth. The effect of tissue exposure was more pronounced as application rate decreased. This study suggests that higher rates of glyphosate need to be used during higher water levels, when less torpedograss tissue is exposed to herbicide spray and lower rates may be used during periods of low water levels. Addition of the water conditioning agent Quest (R) (0.25% v/v) to glyphosate spray mixtures diminished the influence of simulated rain events following glyphosate application. Twelve other adjuvants did not influence the effect of simulated rain events.

Evaluation of SP1001 (Pelargonic Acid) in Combination with Glyphosate on Cattail and Alligatorweed

Cattail (Typha latifolia L.) is a common and troublesome weed in shallow, freshwater environments throughout the United States. Alligatorweed (Alternanthera philoxeroides (Mart.)Griseb.), in spite of the introduction and success of several insects as biological controls, remains a troublesome we4ed in a a number of locations in the Southeast where there are frequent human disturbances (e.g., insecticide spraying, mechaniceal removal, etc.) and/or weather conditions that affect the life cycle of the insects (Kay1992, Vogt et al. 1992). Both of these weeds routinely are managed by foliar applications of the herbicide, glyphosate [N-(phosphonomethyl)glycine]. Regrowth and reinfestation of previously treated areas usually necessitates additional herbicide application during subsequent years. A new product that could enhance the activity of glyphosate on these weeds would be useful in their management. In 1997, SePRO Corp. initiated t4esting of an experimental compound, SP1001, to determine its efficacy either as a herbicide or as an adjuvant to boost the activity of glyphosate for use in aquatic sites. The objective of this study was to evaluate the potential for using SP1001 as an adjuvant to replace surfactants customarily used during application of glyphosate for control of cattail and alligatorweed.

The food of the larvae of the northern anchovy Engraulis mordax

ENGLISH: Hitherto the only investigation dealing with the food and feeding of the larvae of the northern anchovy, Engraulis mordax Girard, was that of Arthur (1956). His main consideration was, however, with the Pacific sardine, Sardinops caerulea (Girard), and his work on the anchovy can only be considered preliminary. The present investigation is a continuation of Arthur's work on the food of the larval northern anchovy. SPANISH:El único trabajo publicado hasta ahora que trata sobre el alimento y nutrición de las larvas de la anchoa norteña, Engraulis mordax Girard, es el de Arthur (1956); pero su objeto principal fué la sardina del Pacifico, Sardinops caendea (Girard), y el estudio dedicado a la anchoa solo puede considerarse como preliminar. La presente investigación es una continuación del estudio de Arthur sobre el alimento de las larvas de la anchoa norteña.