Contributions to the Geology and Paleontology of the Canal Zone, Panama, and geologically related areas in central America and the West Indies. Part 11: The biologic character and geologic correlations of the sedimentary formations of Panama in their relation to the geologic history of Central America and the West Indies

The paper presents: 1) biologic summaries for each of the formations for which paleontologic data are available, with brief discussions of the geologic age; 2) geologic correlations of the formations and the distribution of their age-equivalents in Central America, the West Indies, and the southeastern United States; 3) an outline of the paleogeography of middle America. The biologic summaries are based on the paleontologic memoirs in this vol. by Messars. Howe, Berry, Chuchman, Jackson, Canu and Bassler and Pilsbry, Miss Rathbun and myself.

Occurrence of the Macrocyclops distinctus (Richard) (Copepoda, cyclopoidida) in Rybinsk reservoir. [Translation of: Materialy po biologii i gidrologii Volzhskikh Vodokhranilishch. Moscow, Leningrad 1963, pp. 13-16]

This brief chapter describes the occurrence Macrocyclops distinctus in the littoral zone of the Rybinsk Reservoir. Sampling was undertaken in summer and autumn 1961. In order to facilitate distinction of M. distinctus and Macrocyclops fuscus the author presents drawings of the whole species and certain characteristic parts of the body, and also gives a description of M. distinctus, comparing it with M. fuscus.

The activity pattern of Tegula funebralis

The activity pattern of the black turban snail, Tegula funebralis (A. Adams, 1854) at Pacific Grove, California, is the subject of this article. Field studies were carried out to follow the locomotory and feeding activities of individuals of T. funebralis, to determine how much of each animal's time was spent in each of these activities, and when and under what environmental conditions they occurred.

Acyclic diterpene alcohols isolated from four algae of Bryopsidophyceae and their toxicity

Three new acylic diterpenoids belonging to the class of phytol series have been isolated. They were obtained from the ethyl acetate soluble fractions of four siphonaceous green seaweeds, Bryopsis pennata Lamour., Caulerpa taxifolia (Vahl) C. Ag., Codium decorticatum (Woodw.) Howe and Valoniopsis pachynema (Mart.) Børg., collected from Karachi coast of Pakistan. Structures of these compounds were elucidated with the help of spectroscopic methods and confirmed by comparison with the known compounds. Even the known compounds are being reported for the first time from a green algal source. All the compounds were found to display a strong toxicity at all the three concentrations tested in the brine shrimp bioassay.

A taxonomic study of some red algae commonly growing on the coast of Karachi

Eighteen commonly occurring species of marine benthic red algae, i.e., Asparagopsis taxiformis (Delile) Trevisan, Bangia atropurpurea (Roth) C. Agardh, Centroceras clavulatum (C. Agardh) Montagne, Calliblepharis fimbriata (Greville) Kiitzing, Coelarthrum muelleri (Sonder) B¢rgesen, Cottoniella filamentosa (Howe) B¢rgesen, Gracilariafoliifera (Forsskai) B¢rgesen, Halymenia porphyraeformis (B¢rgesen) Parkinson, Hypnea muscifor:mis (Wulfen) Lamouroux, Hypnea valentiae (Turner) Montagne, Laurencia obtusa (Hudson) Lamouroux, Me!anothamnus somalensis Bomet et Falkenberg, Porphyra vietnamensis Tanaka et Pham-hoang H6, Sarconema filiforme (Sonder) Kylin, Sebdenia flabellata (J. Agardh) Parkinson, Scinaia fascicularis (B¢rgesen) Huisman, Scinaia hatei B¢rgesen, and Solieria robusta (Greville) Kylin were collected from coastal areas near Karachi (Pakistan) and taxonomically investigated. All the investigated seaweeds are taxonomically known species. During this study, Melanothamnus somalensis is reported for the first time from northern Arabian Sea and Asparagopsis taxiformis, Bangia atropurpurea, Cottoniella filamentosa, Gracilaria foliifera, Halymenia porphyraeformis, Melanothamnus somalensis, Sarconema filiforme, Sebdenia flabellata, Scinaia fascicularis, and Solieria robusta are taxonomically described for the first time from the coast of Pakistan.

Taxonomic study of coenocytic green algae commonly growing on the coast of Karachi

Twelve commonly occurring coenocytic and siphonaceous species of marine benthic algae, i.e., Bryopsis pennatta Lamouroux, Caulerpa chemnitzia (Esper) Lamouroux, Ca. faridii Nizamuddin, Ca. manorensis Nizamuddin, Ca. racemosa (Forsskal) J. Agardh, Ca. taxifolia. (Vahl) C. Agardh, Chaetomorpha antennina (Bory de Saint-Vincent) Kutzing, Cladophora uncinella Harvey, Codium decorticatum (Woodward) Howe, Co. flabellatum Nizamuddin, Co. iyengarii Borgesen, and Valoniopsis pachynema (Martens) Borgesen, belonging to four different orders of the class Bryopsidophyceae, division Chlorophyta, were collected from the intertidal region of different coastal areas near Karachi (Pakistan) and investigated taxonomically. Codium decorticatum is a new report from this region and Co. decorticatum, Co. flabellatum and Co. iyengarii are described for the first time from the coast of Pakistan.