Impactos negativos en las pesquerías de lisas (Pisces, Mugilidae) en Cuba de 1971 a 1995 y recomendaciones para incrementar su producción

Se presenta la situación actual de las lisas (Pisces, Mugilidae en Cuba, espacialmente respecto a los daños sufridos en sus pesquerías de 1971 a 1995. Se revisan las especies marinas presentes en aguas cubanas y sus características generales, así como las principales zonas, artes y épocas de pesca. Se presentan las capturas por regiones y se analizan los desembarques por categorías, de acuerdo con su composición por espec1e. Se revisa la Situación del grupo en los últimos años, cuyas capturas han disminuído a sólo un 5% del nivel más alto alcanzado, debido a los perjuicios ambientales de las lagunas y áreas costeras aledañas causadas por acciones antrópicas, que se describen, así como por disminuciones en el esfuerzo pesquero. Se presentan las relaciones entre las capturas y la capacidad de agua embalsada acumulada en el país, así como entre la talla media de las hembras de Mugil liza y el año en el periodo de 1981 a 1989 en la localidad históricamente más importante. Se analizan propuestas para incrementar la producción de los mugílidos en Cuba relacionadas con las pesquerías y la aplicación de técnicas de "Vallicultura integrada" como única vía para rehabilitar el medio ambiente lagunar con un balance adecuado de costo-rentabilidad. ABSTRACT The present status of the mullets (P1sces, Muglhdae),Cuba is rev1ewed, spec1ally in relation to their físhery between 1971 end 1995. The manne spec1es, Cuban waters, the1r general characterst1cs, as well as the main zonas, gears and flshmg Matons are shown. The captures by reg1ons and the landings by category and by specíes compositton are anatysed . The 11tuat10n ol the group in recent years is rev1ewed , in which the captures decreased to only 5% of the h1ghest leve! attamed due to envuonmental damages to coastal lagoons and nearby areas causad by human actions and by a lower flsh1ng effort. The retau onsh1ps are shown between captures and the country's cumulatíve capacitv of water dams, as well as that of the average s11e of Mugilliza tamales m the years between 1981 and 1989 ín the most historically important locat1on •. Proposals to mcrease mullet production in Cuba m relat1on to fisheries and establishment of "i ntegrated Vallicultura• as the only wav of restonng the tagoon environment with a good cost-benefi t balance are analysed.

Analysis of four decades of high elevation climate data

Four decades of instrumented climate records at D1 on Niwot Ridge suggest that high elevation data are an important - and even unique - part of the full climate picture. High elevation data provide information on changing lapse rates as well as model verification for global warming, which is predicted to occur earliest in high latitudes and at high elevations. The D1 records show climatic trends that arguably support global warming, assuming that greater planetary wave amplitude is verification of warming. Lapse rates reflect conditions of air mass stability, atmospheric moisture, and could [sic] cover, which contribute to feedback processes involving temperature, precipitation, and snowpack. The D1 record show a period, 1981-1985, when the lapse rate increased significantly, and this change was not detected by other data.

A 10-year time series of zooplankton anomalies off the British Columbia coast [abstract]

EXTRACT (SEE PDF FOR FULL ABSTRACT): Zooplankton biomass and species composition have been sampled since 1985 at a set of standard locations off Vancouver Island. From these data, I have estimated multi-year average seasonal cycles and time series of anomalies from these averages.

California water conditions in 1995

From 1987 through 1992, California endured 6 consecutive years of drought for the second time this century. The drought was broken in most parts of the state by a wet year in 1993, in which runoff was 125 percent of average. But 1994 was again critically dry, with runoff only 40 percent of average statewide, raising fears that the drought had resumed. The "drought watch" of 1994 was finally washed out to sea by two large floods (January and March), which made 1995 one of the wettest years this century and refilled all but a couple of California's major reservoirs. This paper provides information on water conditions and flooding in 1995 and some comparisons with previous years.

Proceedings of the Twelfth Annual Pacific Climate (PACLIM) Workshop, Asilomar, California - May 2-5, 1995 [appendices]

The appendices include the workshop agenda, a list of poster presentations, and a list of attendees.