Third Annual Report for the year ended 31st March, 1968

This is the third Annual report of the Cumberland River Authority on information of its activities and responsibilities on river management in its area between the beginning of April 1967, to the end of March 1968. The report contains 5 main sections on water resources, land drainage, fisheries, pollution, and finally the expenditure and income for the 12 month period. The first area that the report deals with is water resources, which includes periodical surveys, hydrometric schemes, acceptable flows, conservation works and a review of rainfall and river flow. The section on land drainage looks at work on improvement schemes, floods, charges and information on maintenance work carried out on rivers including Wampool, Waver, Glenderamackin, Marron, Eden, Caldew, and Lyvennet. The fisheries section covers 5 districts of the River Eden, Esk, Ellen, Derwent and South West Cumberland. It includes angling information and a general report for salmon and sea trout, brown trout and freshwater fish. Fish disease and fish hatchery are also covered as well as fisheries protection and licence duties. The fourth section on pollution deals with water quality, and the results of samples taken from rivers Eden, Eamont, Petteril, Caldew, Calder, Derwent, Ehen, Ellen, Wampool and Waver are also given. It also covers information on sewage and trade effluents. The River Authorities preceded the Environment Agency which came into existence in 1996.

Regional Fisheries Advisory Committee 26th August, 1980

This is the report from the Regional Fisheries Advisory Committee meeting, which was held on the 26th August 1980. The report contains the minutes of the last meeting and a review of the Local Fisheries Advisory Committee including recommendations for these committees. The Fisheries Advisory Committee was part of the Regional Water Authorities, in this case the North West Water Authority. This preceded the Environment Agency which came into existence in 1996.

River Dart Biological Survey 10th June - 15th July 1968

This is the River Dart Biological Survey from 10th June to 15th July 1968 by the Devon River Authority. This survey was undertaken to investigate the invertebrate bottom fauna of the river and to assess the condition of the river with regard to pollution. It describes the environmental conditions of the River Dart and the biological sampling method used, plus a brief conclusion of the survey. It also contains tables with the different species present and abundance on each sampling stations.

Intensive biological survey of the Glaze Brook catchment. Supplementary report on the water quality as indicated by macrophytes. August 1981

This is the Intensive biological survey of the Glaze Brook catchment: Supplementary report on the water quality as indicated by macrophytes produced by the North West Water Authority in 1981. This report describes the results of the macrophyte survey including data on their distribution and the prevailing water quality (nutrient status and toxic metal contamination) It supplements the initial report,TS-BS-81-3, which described the macroinvertebrate survey. The aim of this project is to describe the distribution of macrophytes within the river, paying attention to areas where weed growth may directly affect water quality or amenity usage, and describe the distribution of toxic metals. In the survey 16 sites of 500 m lengths of river were analysed, noting the relative abundance and percentage cover of the macrophytes present, plant score and Community Description Class (C.D.C.) were computed.

New Weir and Fish Pass Whitendale in August 1951

Two men working in a weir and fish pass at Whitendale, North West England, UK. This photo is part of a Photo Album that includes pictures from 1935 to 1954.

New Weir and Fish Pass Whitendale in August 1951

Two men working in a weir and fish pass at Whitendale, North West England, UK. This photo is part of a Photo Album that includes pictures from 1935 to 1954.

Fish Trap at Gastang weir in the River Wyre in August 1951

Fish trap at Garstang weir in the River Wyre, North West of England, UK. This photo shows pollution in River Lune in July 1949. This photo is part of a Photo Album that includes pictures from 1935 to 1954.

Kent estuary survey 18th August 1981

This is the Kent estuary survey 18th July 1981 produced by the North West Water Authority in 1981. The report focuses on a tidal cycle survey carried out on the Kent estuary on the 18th August, 1981. The chemical water quality at Arnside Pier and at New Barns was, on the whole, acceptable. However, samples taken downstream of the outfall at low water for total coliforms and E. coli were all above the EEC mandatory level whilst those for faecal streptococci were all above the guideline value. This document shows chemical and bacteriological data analysed at Kent estuary such chloride, dissolved oxygen, BOD, ammonia, nitrate, phosphate, total coliforms, E. coli and Faecal streptococci.

Stanford oceanographic expedition 17, Galapagos Islands and vicinity, 22 February-23 March 1968: observations on birds, the Galapagos fur seal, and cetaceans

1. Systematic list of birds (pp. 23-31) 2. Observations on the Galapagos fur seal, Arctocephalus australis galapagoensis Heller, 1904 (pp. 31-33) 3. Cetaceans observed (pp. 33-34)

Change in Pacific Northwest coastal ecosystems. Proceedings of the Pacific Northwest Coastal Ecosystems Regional Study Workshop, August 73-14, 1996, Troutdale, Oregon

Over the past one hundred and fifty years, the landscape and ecosystems of the Pacific Northwest coastal region, already subject to many variable natural forces, have been profoundly affected by human activities. In virtually every coastal watershed from the Strait of Juan de Fuca to Cape Mendocino, settlement, exploitation and development of resou?-ces have altered natural ecosystems. Vast, complex forests that once covered the region have been largely replaced by tree plantations or converted to non-forest conditions. Narrow coastal valleys, once filled with wetlands and braided streams that tempered storm runoff and provided salmon habitat, were drained, filled, or have otherwise been altered to create land for agriculture and other uses. Tideflats and saltmarshes in both large and small estuaries were filled for industrial, commercial, and other urban uses. Many estuaries, including that of the Columbia River, have been channeled, deepened, and jettied to provide for safe, reliable navigation. The prodigious rainfall in the region, once buffered by dense vegetation and complex river and stream habitat, now surges down sirfiplified stream channels laden with increased burdens of sediment and debris. Although these and many other changes have occurred incrementally over time and in widely separated areas, their sum can now be seen to have significantly affected the natural productivity of the region and, as a consequence, changed the economic structure of its human communities. This activity has taken place in a region already shaped by many interacting and dynamic natural forces. Large-scale ocean circulation patterns, which vary over long time periods, determine the strength and location of currents along the coast, and thus affect conditions in the nearshore ocean and estuaries throughout the region. Periodic seasonal differences in the weather and ocean act on shorter time scales; winters are typically wet with storms from the southwest while summers tend to be dry with winds from the northwest. Some phenomena are episodic, such as El Nifio events, which alter weather, marine habitats, and the distribution and survival of marine organisms. Other oceanic and atmospheric changes operate more slowly; over time scales of decades, centuries, and longer. Episodic geologic events also punctuate the region, such as volcanic eruptions that discharge widespread blankets of ash, frequent minor earthquakes, and major subduction zone earthquakes each 300 to 500 years that release accumulated tectonic strain, dropping stretches of ocean shoreline, inundating estuaries and coastal valleys, and triggering landslides that reshape stream profiles. While these many natural processes have altered, sometimes dramatically, the Pacific Northwest coastal region, these same processes have formed productive marine and coastal ecosystems, and many of the species in these systems have adapted to the variable environmental conditions of the region to ensure their long-term survival.

Cruise report: regional assessment of ecosystem condition and stressor impacts along the northwestern Gulf of Mexico Shelf. NOAA Ship 'Nancy Foster' NF-11-07-RACOW (August 8-16, 2011)

This cruise report is a summary of a field survey conducted along a portion of the U.S. continental shelf in northwestern Gulf of Mexico (GOM), at navigable depths along the coastline seaward to the shelf break (~100m) from about 89°30' W to 95°28' W longitude, August 8 – 16, 2011 on NOAA Ship Nancy Foster Cruise NF-11-07-RACOW. Synoptic sampling of multiple ecological indicators was conducted at each of 34 stations throughout these waters using a random probabilistic sampling design. The original study design consisted of 50 stations extending from the Mississippi delta all the way to the U.S./Mexican border, but vessel failures precluded sampling at 16 stations within the western-most portion of the study area. At each station samples were collected for the analysis of benthic community structure and composition; concentrations of chemical contaminants in sediments and target demersal biota; sediment toxicity; nutrient and chlorophyll levels in the water column; and other basic habitat characteristics such as salinity, temperature, dissolved oxygen, turbidity, pH, sediment grain size, and organic carbon content. Other indicators, from a human-dimension perspective, were also recorded, including presence of vessels, oil rigs, surface trash, visual oil sheens in sediments or water, marine mammals, or noxious/oily sediment odors. The overall purpose of the survey was to collect data to assess the status of ecosystem condition and potential stressor impacts throughout the region, based on these various indicators and corresponding management thresholds, and to provide this information as a baseline for determining how such conditions may be changing with time. While sample analysis is still ongoing, some preliminary results and observations are reported here. A final report will be completed once all data have been processed.