Small-scale commercial production of tilapia fry and fingerlings in concrete raceways

This paper discusses the investment prospects in Tilapia fry and fingerling production in raceways created from the concrete drainage channel of a reservoir or pond of an existing fish farm in Nigeria. With an initial capital of 1,300 and an annual operating cost of 310 spent on procurement of fish feed and brood stock for a 10 m super(2) raceway per se, a net profit of 4,100 and 5,090 would be realized from Sarotherodon galilaeus in the first year and subsequent years of production respectively, assuming that the fingerling production rate has been maintained through the production period. It is concluded that the application of this approach of optimizing the use of available resources in the fish farm for the productive breeding of Tilapia fry and fingerlings will apart from alleviating the problem of scarcity of stocking materials in the country, increase the profit margin accruing to the fish farmer

Aquaculture Asia, Vol.14, No.4, pp.1-52, October - December 2009

Sustainable aquaculture Peter Edwards writes on rural aquaculture Edwards, P. Mussel farming initiatives in North Kerala, India: A case of successful adoption of technology leading to rural livelihood transformation Laxmilatha, P., Thomas, S., Asokan, P.K., Surendranathan, V.G., Sivadasan, M.P., and Ramachandran, N.P. Selective study on the availability in indigenous fish species having ornamental value in some districts of West Bengal Panigrahi, A.K., Dutta, S. and Ghosh, I. Aquaculture livelihoods service centres in Aceh, Indonesia: A novel approach to improving the livelihoods of small scale fish farmers Ravikumar, B. and Yamamoto, K. Research and farming techniques e-Sagu Aqua - an innovative information and communication technology model for transfer of technology for aquaculture Vimala, D. D., Ravisankar, T., Mahalakshmi, P., and Kumaran, M. Freshwater pearl crop: an emerging enterprise in the Indian subcontinent Misra, G., Jena, J. and Kumar, K. Genetics and biodiversity Preliminary risk assessment of Pacific white leg shrimp (P. vannamei) introduced to Thailand for aquaculture Senanan, W., Panutrakul, S., Barnette, P., Chavanich, S., Mantachitr, V., Tangkrock-Olan, N., and Viyakarn, V. Farmer profile Aquatic animal health Asian fish health experts visit Australia Olsen, L. and Ingram, B. (Fisheries Victoria) Black gill disease of cage-cultured ornate rock lobster Panulirus ornatus in central Vietnam caused by Fusarium species Nha, V.V., Hoa, D.T. and Khoa, L.V. Marine Finfish Aquaculture Network Effects of the partial substitution fish oil by soybean oil in the diets on muscle fatty acid composition of juvenile cobia (Rachycentron canadum) Hung, P.D. and Mao, N.D. Growth response of cobia Rachycentron canadum (Pisces: Rachycentridae) under the hypersaline conditions of the Emirate of Abu Dhabi Yousif, O.M.*, Kumar, K.K. and Abdul-Rahman, A.F.A. NACA Newsletter

Preliminary study on the construction and management of integrated rice-cum-fish culture system at Karabande, New Bussa

Details are given of a study carried out in Nigeria, to introduce the practice of fish-cum-rice culture, using Sarotherodon galilaeus. Two plots each measuring 360m super(2) were used for this study and were compared with the farmer's two plots measuring 300m super(2) and 350m super(2). The plots were modified and had two central canals. Rice seedlings were transplanted into the plots after 19 days using a planting distance of 20 x 20cm. Three rice seedlings were planted per hole, using rice variety FARO 40, and grown for 90 days. About 240 and 180 S. galilaeus fingerlings of mean weight of 30g and 26g were stocked in the two experimental plots, respectively. They were fed with pelleted feed of 25% C.P. and monitored for 100 days. A yield of 22.8kg was obtained in plot A while 15.66kg was obtained in plot B. A rice yield of 250kg (i.e 5 bags) was obtained in each of the plots. The results obtained were compared with plots with no fish

Freshwater prawn fry production and delivery process: key to sustainable aquaculture development for Bangladesh

This study was conducted to identify a functioning fingerlings production and delivery system for a sustainable aquaculture development. Data were collected from 234 respondents randomly sampled from a population of 600 fish farmers. Results indicated that farmer-to-farmer was the major source of fingerlings production and distribution system. Although this source accessed disadvantaged groups like the rural based, resource poor, less educated and women, it lacked knowledge on how to produce good quality fingerlings. These results suggest that a decentralized and privatized fingerlings production and delivery system should be promoted. For this system to operate effectively the aquaculture department should first identify potential zones for aquaculture growth and profit motivated fingerlings producers and distributors. Furthermore, the institutional mechanism through which farmer-to-farmer will operate should be identified and strengthened through short and long term training programmes. The government should support the system by providing guidelines for good quality fingerlings management; maintain brood stock parents and technical training in Bangladesh.

Identifizierung der Welsart in Filetware durch Protein- und DNA-Analyse

Zusammenfassung Zur Identifizierung der folgenden vier Welsarten bzw. zwei Hybriden (Clarias gariepinus, Pangasius hypophthalmus, Pseudoplatystoma spp., Silurus glanis, Claresse® und Melander®) wurden die isolektrische Fokussierung (IEF) der wasserlöslichen Muskelproteine und die Polymerase-Kettenreaktion (PCR) zur Vervielfältigung und Sequenzierung eines Abschnittes aus dem Cytochrom b – Gen eingesetzt. Die IEF ergab artspezifische Proteinmuster mit hitzestabilen Proteinbanden im anodalen Gelbereich. Der afrikanische Wels (C. gariepinus) und das Hybriderzeugnis Melander® wiesen das gleiche Proteinmuster auf. Mittels DNA-Analyse ließen sich die Welsarten anhand ihrer Cytochrom b Gensequenzen eindeutig identifizieren. Auch hier zeigte der Welshybrid Melander® ein identisches Ergebnis wie der afrikanische Wels. Die Schwierigkeiten der Identifizierung von Tigerwelsen südamerikanischer Herkunft aus der Gattung Pseudoplatystoma werden diskutiert. Abstract Isoelectric focusing (IEF) of water soluble proteins and PCR-based DNA- analysis were used to differentiate between four catfish species (Clarias gariepinus, Pangasius hypophthalmus, Pseudoplatystoma spp., Silurus glanis) and two hybrids Claresse® and Melander®. Specific protein patterns have been obtained for all species and Claresse®, but in case of Melander® the identical pattern was observed as for the African catfish Clarias gariepinus. By sequencing the PCR products and application of BLAST, authenticity of the different catfish samples was confirmed. The cytochrome b gene sequences of Melander® and African catfish were identical. The difficulties of identifying catfishes of the genus Pseudoplatystoma are discussed.

Training in African aquaculture development

The article focuses on the types of training needed in African aquaculture development. The author suggested that rather than needing less training, extension agents and others who operate in the idiosyncratic world of the poor African farmer, need a far deeper understanding of fish culture (particularly the basics of pond dynamics and ecology) than do those who can take advantage of industrialized-country infrastructure.

Making experiment station results more useful to African fish farmers

Rather than using more or less ideal conditions for setting experimental controls, the use of conditions similar to those likely to be encountered by farmers should produce research results which are realistically achievable on the farm. ICLARM has developed an approach to farmer-led experimentation which utilizes a spreadsheet to collate and analyze data collected from participating farmers. The simulation of actual management practices utilized by farmers produced results in replicated on-station trials which were within 11% of net yields on-farm. In addition to giving researchers a tool for comparing farm and station management practices, giving farmers a realistic indication of what yields will be if a technology is adopted should help overcome the problems of disillusionment often encountered when farm results fall below those expected by researchers on the basis of experiment station studies.

Fishes of the Mekong River: conservation and need for aquaculture

Conservation and the potential and need for aquaculture of three major fish (Catlocarpio siamensis, Probarbus spp. and Pangasius gigas) of the Mekong River are discussed. Different steps being undertaken by the Cambodian government in doing such activities are highlighted.

Comparison of some traits of economic importance in tilapias (Orechromis niloticus and Sarotherodon galilaeus) with particular reference to their culture in Ghana

This study was conducted to determine which of the two major tilapia species in freshwater capture fisheries in Ghana, Oreochromis niloticus or Sarotherodon galilaeus, is more suitable for breed improvement and pond culture. It compares traits of economic importance, including seed output, specific growth rate, survival and sex ratios following androgen sex reversal. The results of the study showed that the aquaculture potential of S. galilaeus compares favorably with that of O. niloticus. However, S. galilaeus may be preferred because the males and females have an equal growth rate, which allows for manual sorting to raise both sexes in monosex culture, an inexpensive appropriate technology that an ordinary smallscale fish farmer can apply.

Culture of prawn in rotation with shrimp

A progressive farmer in Tamil Nadu state, India experimented with crop rotation and successfully cultured Penaeus monodon during the dry season and Macrobrachium rosenbergii during the wet season. The details of M. rosenbergii culture are discussed in this article. Rotation with M. rosenbergii did help the farmer overcome the disease problem since farmers who exclusively cultured P. monodon in the nearby areas during the same season suffered losses due to white spot disease.

Simple method for backyard production of snakehead (Channa striata Bloch) fry

The snakehead (Channa striata ) is a common freshwater fish species in Malaysia. Details are given of a simple technique for breeding this species, suitable for small-scale farmers practising backyard aquaculture. Two techniques were used to induce spawning - the first used water level manipulation to simulate rain and the second used injected with human chorionic gonadotropic hormone. The former, more natural, spawning technique was found to provide a viable alternative for the small-scale farmer, being much simpler than hormone injection.

Cholesterolgehalte in Fischereierzeugnissen vom Deutschen Markt

Kurzfassung Zahlreiche Fischereierzeugnisse aus dem Deutschen Handel wurden auf ihren Gehalt an Cholesterol hin analysiert. Zur Analyse gelangten 38 verschiedene Dauerkonserven von acht Fischarten, 4 Produkte kalt geräucherter Atlantischer Zuchtlachs in Scheiben, 10 Garnelenarten und 25 Fischstäbchenerzeugnisse von 5 Tierarten in Verbraucherpackungen. Bei den Dauerkonserven lagen die Gehalte zwischen 24 und 40 mg/100 g. Zwei Ausnahmen bildeten Sprottenkonserven mit durchschnittlich 107 mg/100 g und Oktopuskonserven mit 196 mg/100 g. Die Garnelenarten variierten zwischen 84 und 161 mg/100g. Die kalt geräucherten Lachsscheiben wiesen nur eine kleine Bandbreite im Cholesterolgehalt zwischen 38 und 43 mg/100 g auf. Alle Fischstäbchen aus Magerfischen enthielten niedrige Gehalte an Cholesterol (Pangasius hypophthalmus 25, Seehecht 19, Seelachs 31 und Alaska Seehecht 28 mg/100 g), während die zwei Proben aus Tintenfischen über 100 mg/100 g lagen. Abstract Numerous fishery products from the German market have been analysed for their content of cholesterol. In total 38 different canned fishery products produced from 8 species, 4 products of sliced cold smoked Atlantic salmon, 10 species of crustacean shellfish and 25 different brands of consumer packages of fish fingers (produced from 5 species) were investigated. Canned fishery products contained amounts of cholesterol ranging from 24 to 40 mg/100 g. However, canned sprats exhibit cholesterol content as high as 107 mg/100g and canned octopus 196 mg/100 g. Crustacean shellfish was found to contain cholesterol content between 84 and 161 mg/100 g depending of species. Sliced cold smoked salmon in 200 g consumer packages showed only a little variation in cholesterol content (38-43 mg/100 g). In all fish fingers produced from lean fish species low cholesterol content (pangasius or sutchi catfish 25, hake 19, saithe 31, and Alaska Pollack 28 mg/100 g, respectively) was found, whereas two products produced from squid exceeded 100 mg/100 g.

Development of spiny lobster (Panulirus argus) phyllosoma larvae in the plankton near Bermuda

Farmer, M.W.; Ward, J.; Luckhurst, B.E.