Sur la présence de l'Enhalus acoroide (L.f.) Roem. et Schultes au littoral du Viêtnam

In the "Flore Générale de l'Indochine" three species of phanerogams have been described: Halophila ovalis (R. Br.) Hook. f., Diplanthera uninervis (Forsk.) Aschers. and Ruppia rostella Koch in Rchb. In 1954, Dawson added to this list Halophila Beccari Aschers. and Thalassia hemprichii (Ehrenb.) Aschers. Even Mr. Feldmann found in the herbarium of the Oceanographic Institute of Nha-Trang, the Cymodocea rotundata (Ehrenb. & Hernpr.) Asch. & Schweinf., that the authors found in Cua-Be (Nha trang), Qui-Nhon and Da-Nang (Tourane).

L'étagement du peuplement littoral sur les cȏtes rocheuses du Vietnam

So far, the assessment of Vietnamese coastal bios has not been thoroughly researched yet. Only two short notes of P. H. Fischer in 1952 on the coast of Indochina and Cap Saint-Jacques (Vungtau) can be cited. This paper gives a summary of work carried out since 1956. The study was conducted using measurements and sketches made on site and after photos.

Oil spill environmental risk assessment of stationary sources in offshore zones (Innovating a mathematical model)

Nowadays, risks arising from the rapid development of oil and gas industries are significantly increasing. As a result, one of the main concerns of either industrial or environmental managers is the identification and assessment of such risks in order to develop and maintain appropriate proactive measures. Oil spill from stationary sources in offshore zones is one of the accidents resulting in several adverse impacts on marine ecosystems. Considering a site's current situation and relevant requirements and standards, risk assessment process is not only capable of recognizing the probable causes of accidents but also of estimating the probability of occurrence and the severity of consequences. In this way, results of risk assessment would help managers and decision makers create and employ proper control methods. Most of the represented models for risk assessment of oil spills are achieved on the basis of accurate data bases and analysis of historical data, but unfortunately such data bases are not accessible in most of the zones, especially in developing countries, or else they are newly established and not applicable yet. This issue reveals the necessity of using Expert Systems and Fuzzy Set Theory. By using such systems it will be possible to formulize the specialty and experience of several experts and specialists who have been working in petroliferous areas for several years. On the other hand, in developing countries often the damages to environment and environmental resources are not considered as risk assessment priorities and they are approximately under-estimated. For this reason, the proposed model in this research is specially addressing the environmental risk of oil spills from stationary sources in offshore zones.