Report of the Inter-American Tropical Tuna Commission for the year 1975

ENGLISH: The Inter-American Tropical Tuna Commission operates under the authority and direction of a convention originally entered into by the Republic of Costa Rica and the United States of America. The convention, which came into force in 1950, is open to adherence by other governments whose nationals fish for tropical tunas in the eastern Pacific Ocean. Under this provision the Republic of Panama adhered in 1953, the Republic of Ecuador in 1961, the United Mexican States in 1964, Canada in 1968 and Japan in 1970. In 1967, Ecuador gave notice of her intent to withdraw from the Commission, and her withdrawal became effective on August 21,1968. The Commission held two meetings in 1975, its 31st n1eeting in San Diego, California, U.S.A., March 3 and 5, and its 32nd meeting in Paris, France, October 13, 14 and 17, and in Washington D.C., U.S.A., December 18. SPANISH: La Comisi��n Interamericana del At��n Tropical est�� bajo la autoridad y direcci��n de una convenci��n la cual fue originalmente formada por la Rep��blica de Costa Rica y los Estados Unidos de Am��rica. La Convenci��n, vigente desde 1950, est�� abierta a la afiliaci��n de otros gobiernos cuyos nacionales pesquen at��n en el Pac��fico oriental tropical. Bajo esta medida la Rep��blica de Panam�� se afili�� en 1953, la Rep��blica del Ecuador en 1961, los Estados Unidos Mexicanos en 1964, Canad�� en 1968 y el Jap��n en 1970. En 1967, el Ecuador anunci�� su intenci��n de retirarse de la Comisi��n y la renuncia se hizo efectiva el 21 de agosto de 1968. La Comisi��n celebr�� dos reuniones en 1975, la XXXI reuni��n en San Diego, California (E.U.A.) del 3 al 5 de marzo, y la XXXII reuni��n en Par��s, Francia el 13, 14 Y 17 de octubre (primera parte) y en Washington D.C. (E.U.A.) el 18 de diciembre (segunda parte). (PDF contains 176 pages.)

Report of the Inter-American Tropical Tuna Commission for the year 1977

ENGLISH: The Inter-American Tropical Tuna Commission operates under the authority and direction of a convention originally entered into by the Republic of Costa Rica and the United States of America. The convention, which came into force in 1950, is open to adherence by other governments whose nationals fish for tropical tunas in the eastern Pacific Ocean. Under this provision the Republic of Panama adhered in 1953, the Republic of Ecuador in 1961, the United Mexican States in 1964, Canada in 1968 and Japan in 1970. In 1967, Ecuador gave notice of her intent to withdraw from the Commission, and her withdrawal became effective on August 21,1968. The Commission held two meetings in 1977, the 34th from June 27 to 29 in San Diego, California, and the 35th on October 17 and 18 in Mexico City. SPANISH: La Comisi��n Interamericana del At��n Tropical est�� bajo la autoridad y direcci��n de una convenci��n la cual fue originalmente formada por la Rep��blica de Costa Rica y los Estados Unidos de Am��rica. La Convenci��n, vigente desde 1950, est�� abierta a la afiliaci��n de otros gobiernos cuyos nacionales pesquen at��n en el Pac��fico oriental tropical. Bajo esta medida la Rep��blica de Panam�� se afili�� en 1953, la Rep��blica del Ecuador en 1961, los Estados Unidos Mexicanos en 1964, Canad�� en 1968 y el Jap��n en 1970. En 1967, el Ecuador anunci�� su intenci��n de retirarse de la Comisi��n y la renuncia se hizo efectiva el 21 de agosto de 1968. La Comisi��n celebr�� dos reuniones en 1977, la XXXIV del 27 al 29 de junio en San Diego (California) y la XXXV del 17 al 18 de octubre en ciudad de M��xico. (PDF contains 156 pages).

Report of the Inter-American Tropical Tuna Commission for the year 1978

ENGLISH: The Inter-American Tropical Tuna Commission operates under the authority and direction of a convention originally entered into by the Republic of Costa Rica and the United States of America. The convention, which came into force in 1950, is open to adherence by other governments whose nationals fish for tropical tunas in the eastern Pacific Ocean. Under this provision the Republic of Panama adhered in 1953, the Republic of Ecuador in 1961, the United Mexican States in 1964, Canada in 1968 and Japan in 1970. In 1967, Ecuador gave notice of her intent to withdraw from the Commission, and her withdrawal became effective on August 21,1968. The Commission held two meetings in 1977, the 34th from June 27 to 29 in San Diego, California, and the 35th on October 17 and 18 in Mexico City. The Commission adjourned its 35th meeting, held in Mexico City on October 17, and 18, 1977, without agreeing to a resolution for the conservation of yellowfin during 1978. SPANISH: La Comisi��n Interamericana del At��n Tropical est�� bajo la autoridad y direcci��n de una convenci��n la cual fue originalmente formada por la Rep��blica de Costa Rica y los Estados Unidos de Am��rica. La Convenci��n, vigente desde 1950, est�� abierta a la afiliaci��n de otros gobiernos cuyos nacionales pesquen at��n en el Pac��fico oriental tropical. Bajo esta medida la Rep��blica de Panam�� se afili�� en 1953, la Rep��blica del Ecuador en 1961, los Estados Unidos Mexicanos en 1964, Canad�� en 1968 y el Jap��n en 1970. En 1967, el Ecuador anunci�� su intenci��n de retirarse de la Comisi��n y la renuncia se hizo efectiva el 21 de agosto de 1968. La Comisi��n celebr�� dos reuniones en 1977, la XXXIV del 27 al 29 de junio en San Diego (California) y la XXXV del 17 al 18 de octubre en ciudad de M��xico. La Comisi��n clausur�� su XXXV reuni��n, celebrada en ciudad de M��xico del 17 al 18 de octubre de 1977, sin acordar una resoluci��n para la conservaci��n del at��n aleta amarilla en 1978. (PDF contains 164 pages.)

Distributions and abundances of Pacific sardine (Sardinops sagax) and other pelagic fishes in the California Current Ecosystem during spring 2006, 2008, and 2010, estimated from acoustic���trawl surveys

The abundances and distributions of coastal pelagic fish species in the California Current Ecosystem from San Diego to southern Vancouver Island, were estimated from combined acoustic and trawl surveys conducted in the spring of 2006, 2008, and 2010. Pacific sardine (Sardinops sagax), jack mackerel (Trachurus symmetricus), and Pacific mackerel (Scomber japonicus) were the dominant coastal pelagic fish species, in that order. Northern anchovy (Engraulis mordax) and Pacific herring (Clupea pallasii) were sampled only sporadically and therefore estimates for these species were unreliable. The estimates of sardine biomass compared well with those of the annual assessments and confirmed a declining trajectory of the ���northern stock��� since 2006. During the sampling period, the biomass of jack mackerel was stable or increasing, and that of Pacific mackerel was low and variable. The uncertainties in these estimates are mostly the result of spatial patchiness which increased from sardine to mackerels to anchovy and herring. Future surveys of coastal pelagic fish species in the California Current Ecosystem should benefit from adaptive sampling based on modeled habitat; increased echosounder and trawl sampling, particularly for the most patchy and nearshore species; and directed-trawl sampling for improved species identification and estimations of their acoustic target stren

Offshore Migratory Corridors and Aerial Photogrammetric Body Length Comparisons of Southbound Gray Whales, Eschrichtius robustus, in the Southern California Bight, 1988���1990

Through most of their annual migration, gray whales, Eschrichtius robustus, remain within 10 km of shore, but in the Southern California Bight many individuals migrate much farther from shore. This paper summarizes aerial survey and photogrammetric efforts to determine body lengths and temporal and spatial distributions of migratory gray whales in the southern portion of the Southern California Bight. Aerial surveys were flown along 13 east���west transects between lat. 32��35���N and 33��30���N during the southbound gray whale migratory seasons of 1988���90 in the Southern California Bight. Photogrammetry was used to obtain body length estimates of animals during some of the surveys. A total of 1,878 whales in 675 groups were sighted along 25,440 km of transect distance flown and 217 body lengths were measured. Using position and heading data, three major migratory pathways or corridors in the southern portion of the bight are defined. Those migrating offshore were split almost evenly between two corridors along the west sides of Santa Catalina and San Clemente Islands. These corridors converge on the mainland coast between San Diego and the United States���Mexico border. No whales larger than 11.5 m were photographed within 30 km of the mainland coast, suggesting that smaller, and presumably younger, whales use the coastal migratory corridor through the California Bight.

Commercial Whaling, Especially for Gray Whales, Eschrichtius robustus, and Humpback Whales, Megaptera novaeangliae, at California and Baja California Shore Stations in the 19th Century (1854���1899)

Shore whaling along North America���s California and Baja California coasts during 1854���99 was ancillary to the offshore and alongshore American whale fishery, which had begun in the North Pacific in the early 1800���s and was flourishing by the 1840���s. From its inception at Monterey, Calif., in the mid 1850���s, the shore fishery, involving open boats deployed from land to catch and tow whales for processing, eventually spread from Monterey south to San Diego and Baja California and north to Crescent City near the California���Oregon border. It had declined to a relict industry by the 1880���s, although sporadic efforts continued into the early 20th century. The main target species were gray whales, Eschrichtius robustus, and humpback whales, Megaptera novaeangliae, with the valuable North Pacific right whale, Eubalaena japonica, also pursued opportunistically. Catch data are grossly incomplete for most stations; no logbooks were kept for these operations as they were for high-seas whaling voyages. Even when good information is available on catch levels, usually as number of whales landed or quantity of oil produced, it is rarely broken down by species. Therefore, we devised methods for extrapolation, interpolation, pro rationing, correction, and informed judgment to produce time series of catches. The resulting estimates of landings from 1854 to 1899 are 3,150 (SE = 112) gray whales and 1,637 (SE = 62) humpback whales. The numbers landed should be multiplied by 1.2 to account for hunting loss (i.e. whales harpooned or shot but not recovered and processed).

Lista de los peces continentales de la provincia de Tierra del Fuego, Antartida e Islas del Atlantico Sur

Esta serie tiene como finalidad dar a conocer las especies presentes en los diferentes estados provinciales.

Lista de los peces de la provincia de Catamarca

Esta serie tiene como finalidad dar a conocer las especies presentes en los diferentes estados provinciales. Tomando como base los trabajos de L��pez et al., (2003); Reis et al., (2003); Liotta (2006) y Ferraris (2007) actualizamos el elenco ictiofaun��stico de cada territorio provincial. No se realizan, con excepci��n del nombre vulgar y localidad tipo, comentarios y/o observaciones de las especies se��aladas ya que estos se encuentran en la bibliograf��a adjunta. Se incluyen dos tablas que contienen informaci��n sobre especies introducidas y de aquellas de presencia dudosa o que requieran confirmaci��n en el territorio provincial. Para ��stas ��ltimas se cita el trabajo que las menciona por vez primera. Consideramos que este modesto aporte contribuir�� a precisar el conocimiento ictiofaun��stico regional ya que adem��s de la lista de especies, presentamos el marco biogeogr��fico e h��drico correspondiente. Por otra parte entendemos que la participaci��n de autores involucrados en la regi��n considerada, le da un verdadero sentido federal a esta contribuci��n, adem��s de reforzar v��nculos en los protagonistas de nuestra especialidad. En este nuevo n��mero presentamos la provincia de Catamarca que se encuentra enclavada en el centro-oeste de nuestro territorio, limitada por Salta, Tucum��n, Santiago del Estero, C��rdoba y La Rioja. Uno de los grupos mas representativos del sistema hidrogr��fico de Catamarca es el de los Trichomycteridae (L��pez, 1992). Esta familia es un ejemplo de alta diversificaci��n en ��reas restringidas. Presentan una extensa distribuci��n latitudinal y altitudinal, algunas especies viviendo en el Altiplano boliviano, a m��s de 4000 m s.n.m., y otras en ambientes de llanura. Las especies de esta familia poseen alta sensibilidad a cualquier alteraci��n del medio en que viven. Por ello, los cambios que se pudieran producir en su h��bitat provocar��an efectos directos sobre sus poblaciones (L��pez et al., 1996; Monasterio de Gonzo et al., 2011). Podemos afirmar que el conocimiento de la ictiofauna de la provincia de Catamarca comienza a tomar forma a partir de fines del siglo XX ya que se produce un incremento en los relevamientos de su red hidrogr��fica, dando como resultado una ampliaci��n del n��mero de especies presentes en su territorio, sum��ndose desde el trabajo de Berg (1895), 24 especies de las cuales 5 son end��micas.

Lista de los peces de la provincia de La Rioja

Esta serie tiene como finalidad dar a conocer las especies presentes en los diferentes estados provinciales. Tomando como base los trabajos de L��pez et al., (2003); Reis et al., (2003); Liotta (2006) y Ferraris (2007) actualizamos el elenco ictiofaun��stico de cada territorio provincial. No se realizan, con excepci��n del nombre vulgar y localidad tipo, comentarios y/o observaciones de las especies se��aladas ya que estos se encuentran en la bibliograf��a adjunta. Se incluyen dos tablas que contienen informaci��n sobre especies introducidas y de aquellas de presencia dudosa o que requieran confirmaci��n en el territorio provincial. Para ��stas ��ltimas se cita el trabajo que las menciona por vez primera. Consideramos que este modesto aporte contribuir�� a precisar el conocimiento ictiofaun��stico regional ya que adem��s de la lista de especies, presentamos el marco biogeogr��fico e h��drico correspondiente. Por otra parte entendemos que la participaci��n de autores involucrados en la regi��n considerada, le da un verdadero sentido federal a esta contribuci��n, adem��s de reforzar v��nculos en los protagonistas de nuestra especialidad. En este nuevo n��mero presentamos la provincia de La Rioja que se encuentra enclavada en el centro-oeste de nuestro territorio, limitada por Catamarca, C��rdoba, San Luis y San Juan. La familia Trichomycteridae es uno de los grupos m��s representativos del sistema hidrogr��fico de La Rioja adaptados a vivir en elevada altura y arroyos que ocasionalmente permanecen alimentados por el deshielo (L��pez, et al., 2002). Esta familia es un ejemplo de gran adaptabilidad siendo capaz de vivir en ambientes de llanura como los de la Provincia de los Grandes R��os (L��pez et al., 2008) as�� como tambi��n en arroyos cordilleranos a m��s de 4000 m de elevaci��n. A las 6 especies citadas por Liotta (2006: p��g. 668) para la provincia de La Rioja debemos agregar 10, de las cuales 3 son end��micas y 4 son introducidas (Tabla I).

Lista de los peces de la provincia de San Juan

Esta serie tiene como finalidad dar a conocer las especies presentes en los diferentes estados provinciales. Tomando como base los trabajos de L��pez et al., (2003); Reis et al., (2003); Liotta (2006) y Ferraris (2007) hemos actualizado el elenco ictiofaun��stico en cada territorio provincial, siguiendo la macrosistem��tica de Nelson (2006). No se realizan, con excepci��n del nombre vulgar y localidad tipo, comentarios ni observaciones sobre las especies se��aladas ya que estos se encuentran en la bibliograf��a adjunta. Se incluyen dos tablas que contienen informaci��n sobre especies introducidas y de aquellas de presencia dudosa o que requieren confirmaci��n en el territorio provincial. En este ��ltimo caso se cita el trabajo que las menciona por primera vez. Consideramos que este modesto aporte contribuir�� a precisar el conocimiento ictiofaun��stico regional ya que adem��s de la lista de especies, presentamos el marco biogeogr��fico e h��drico correspondiente. Por otra parte, entendemos que la participaci��n de autores involucrados en la regi��n considerada, le da un verdadero sentido federal a esta contribuci��n, adem��s de reforzar v��nculos entre los protagonistas de nuestra especialidad. En este nuevo n��mero, presentamos la provincia de San Juan que se encuentra enclavada en el centro-oeste de nuestro territorio, limitada por las provincias de La Rioja, Mendoza y San Luis. Se presenta por primera vez una lista exhaustiva de la ictiofauna de la provincia de San Juan basada en la revisi��n bibliogr��fica y de material de referencia de las colecciones Ictiol��gicas de la Universidad Nacional de San Juan y del Museo de La Plata. Se citan 21 especies, de las cuales 15 no hab��an sido mencionadas con anterioridad (Arratia et al., 1983; Mur��a y Acosta, 1997; Liotta, 2006). Ocho especies han sido introducidas principalmente con fines deportivos. Se menciona la presencia de Percichthys chilensis, lo que constituir��a el primer registro formal de esta especie ya que L��pez-Arbarello (2004) la menciona para el R��o Tunuy��n (Mendoza), sin material de referencia.

Caribbean corals in crisis: record thermal stress, bleaching, and mortality in 2005

Background: The rising temperature of the world���s oceans has become a major threat to coral reefs globally as the severity and frequency of mass coral bleaching and mortality events increase. In 2005, high ocean temperatures in the tropical Atlantic and Caribbean resulted in the most severe bleaching event ever recorded in the basin. Methodology/Principal Findings: Satellite-based tools provided warnings for coral reef managers and scientists, guiding both the timing and location of researchers��� field observations as anomalously warm conditions developed and spread across the greater Caribbean region from June to October 2005. Field surveys of bleaching and mortality exceeded prior efforts in detail and extent, and provided a new standard for documenting the effects of bleaching and for testing nowcast and forecast products. Collaborators from 22 countries undertook the most comprehensive documentation of basin-scale bleaching to date and found that over 80% of corals bleached and over 40% died at many sites. The most severe bleaching coincided with waters nearest a western Atlantic warm pool that was centered off the northern end of the Lesser Antilles. Conclusions/Significance: Thermal stress during the 2005 event exceeded any observed from the Caribbean in the prior 20 years, and regionally-averaged temperatures were the warmest in over 150 years. Comparison of satellite data against field surveys demonstrated a significant predictive relationship between accumulated heat stress (measured using NOAA Coral Reef Watch���s Degree Heating Weeks) and bleaching intensity. This severe, widespread bleaching and mortality will undoubtedly have long-term consequences for reef ecosystems and suggests a troubled future for tropical marine ecosystems under a warming climate

400 years of precipitation variability in central and southern California reconstructed from tree-rings [abstract]

EXTRACT (SEE PDF FOR FULL ABSTRACT): Precipitation variability at 31 stations hanging from San Diego to San Francisco and from the coast to the Sierras was characterized ...

A survey of deep-water coral and sponge habitats along the west coast of the US using a remotely operated vehicle: NOAA Fisheries Survey Vessel (FSV)'Bell M. Shimada', November 1-5, 2010

Remotely operated vehicle (ROV) surveys were conducted from NOAA���s state-of-the-art Fisheries Survey Vessel (FSV) Bell M. Shimada during a six-day transit November 1-5, 2010 between San Diego, CA and Seattle, WA. The objective of this survey was to locate and characterize deep-sea coral and sponge ecosystems at several recommended sites in support of NOAA���s Coral Reef Conservation Program. Deep-sea corals and sponges were photographed and collected whenever possible using the Southwest Fisheries Science Center���s (SWFSC) Phantom ROV ���Sebastes��� (Fig. 1). The surveyed sites were recommended by National Marine Sanctuary (NMS) scientists at Monterey Bay NMS, Gulf of the Farallones NMS, and Olympic Coast NMS (Fig. 2). The specific sites were: Sur Canyon, The Football, Coquille Bank, and Olympic Coast NMS. During each dive, the ROV collected digital still images, video, navigation, and along-track conductivity-temperature-depth (CTD), and optode data. Video and high-resolution photographs were used to quantify abundance of corals, sponges, and associated fishes and invertebrates to the lowest practicable taxonomic level, and also to classify the seabed by substrate type. A reference laser system was used to quantify area searched and estimate the density of benthic fauna.

Atmospheric chlorofluoromethanes as tracers of ocean circulation and mixing: measurement and calibration techniques and studies in the Greenland and Norwegian seas

EXTRACT (SEE PDF FOR FULL ABSTRACT): An analytical system was designed and constructed for the rapid and accurate shipboard measurement of anthropogenic chlorofluoromethanes in seawater and in air, using electron capture gas chrometography. The distribution of these compounds in the marine atmosphere and the water column in the Greenland and Norwegian seas were studied during February and March, 1982. The compounds, dissolved in the ocean from the atmosphere, can be used as tracers of subsurface ocean circulation and mixing processes.

Resiliencia en crestas de arrecifes coralinos del este del golfo de Bataban��, Cuba, y factores determinantes probables

RESUMEN Se compar�� el grado de resiliencia de seis crestas arrecifales del este del golfo de Bataban��, Cuba. Tres fueron del norte del golfo de Cazones (Tramo Norte) y las restantes, del oeste de Cayo Largo (Tramo Sur). Las del primer tramo fueron las de faro Cazones, Norte de la cresta de cayo Diego P��rez y de faro Diego P��rez. Las otras tres fueron las de cayo Rico, arrecifes Los Ballenatos y arrecifes Hijos de Los Ballenatos. Se emplearon los indicadores biol��gicos del Protocolo AGRRA. El Tramo Norte present�� las crestas m��s resilientes, sobre todo la de faro Cazones. Las del Tramo Sur no exhibieron resiliencia. Fueron varios e interrelacionados, los factores aparentemente m��s determinantes en la resiliencia. Entre estos, cuatro se consideraron como fuerzas motrices: resguardo contra el oleaje, circulaci��n habitual giratoria cicl��nica en la ensenada de Cazones, entrada de nutrientes provenientes tanto de la ci��naga de Zapata como de aguas profundas, y abundancia del erizo herb��voro Diadema antillarum. Los dem��s factores, desencadenados por los anteriores y tambi��n interrelacionados, fueron, al parecer la menor afectaci��n por oleaje y sedimentos, estabilizaci��n de fragmentos vivos de coral, ��ndices favorables de macroalgas bent��nicas, cierta retenci��n de nutrientes y plancton, m��s alimentaci��n heterotr��fica de los corales, mayor auto reclutamiento de corales y del erizo Diadema; mejores condiciones para el asentamiento y viabilidad de los reclutas, y para el recapamiento de corales; mayor crecimiento y recuperaci��n de los corales y mejores condiciones t��rmicas contra el blanqueamiento de corales ABSTRACT The degree of resilience of six reef crest sites was compared at the east of the Gulf of Batabano, Cuba. Three of them were located north of the Gulf of Cazones (Northern Stretch), while the remaining ones were west of Cayo Largo (Southern Stretch). Those of the Northern Stretch were ���Faro Cazones���, north of the crest of cayo Diego P��rez and ���Faro Diego P��rez���. The remaining sites were those of the cayo Rico, Los Ballenatos reefs, and Hijos de Los Ballenatos reefs. The AGRRA biological indicators were applied. The Northern Stretch presented the most resilient crests, mainly that of ���Faro Cazones���. Those of the Southern Stretch did not reveal signs of resilience. Several interrelated factors were apparently more linked to resilience. Four of them were considered as driving forces: shelter from waves, usual cyclonic revolving water circulation in the Ensenada de Cazones, nutrient input from the Zapata swamp and deep water, and the abundance of the herbivore sea urchin Diadema antillarum. Triggered by these driving forces, the remaining factors apparently were less effect of waves and sediments, stabilization of live coral fragments, favorable benthic macro-algae indices, some retention of nutrient and plankton, increased coral heterotrophic feeding; better conditions for recruit settlement and viability, and for coral re-sheeting; faster coral growth and recuperation and better thermal conditions against coral bleaching.