Áreas marinas protegidas en la Argentina

Los objetivos de las Áreas Marinas Protegidas (AMP) son conservar la diversidad biológica, mantener procesos ecológicos y asegurar el uso sustentable de los recursos. Se señalan las amenzas a la biodiversidad marina y algunos programas tendientes a mejorar el sistema de áreas marinas protegidas en la Argentina (oceáno Atlántico sudoccidental). Se incluyen lecturas sugeridas y el mapa de AMP de Argentina (Océano Atlántico sudoccidental).

La Ictiología Continental Argentina en Imágenes III-Siglo XX (1950-1980)

ProBiota has created this humble document to share it with the “universe of ichthyology” and with those who research and portray the history of science in this region. These images of the past and present of our continental ichthyology of our country are a testimony for the future. Although, in the words of James Joyce: - There is not past, no future; everything flows in an eternal present –

Ictiólogos de la Argentina: Juana Yolanda Dziekonska de Ciechomski.

This series will include all those people who, by means of their contributions, great and small, played a part in the consolidation of ichthyology in Argentina. The general plan of this work consists of individual factsheets containing a list of works by each author, along with reference bibliography and, whenever possible, personal pictures and additional material. The datasheets will be published primarily in chronological order, although this is subject to change by the availability of materials for successive editions. This work represents another approach for the recovery and revalorization of those who set the foundations of Argentine ichthyology while in diverse historical circumstances. I expect this to be the beginning of a major work that achieves the description of such a significant part of the history of natural sciences in Argentina.

El plancton de Mar del Plata durante el período 1961-1962 (Buenos Aires, Argentina)

The first part presents a general picture of the composition of the coastal plankton near Mar del Plata (Buenos Aires prov., Argentina) between August 1961-August 1962. Especially noted is the abundance of Noctiluca from October to the end of March. The second part deals with the plankton collected during a short cruise, named Operación Mar del Plata 1, planned to survey coastal waters. In the third part the author gives the descriptions of some new or interesting species. A chain-forming Gymnodinium is reported as G. catenatum; some differences with Graham description, could be due to the fact that he studied only preserved material. Oblea baculifera is a new species belonging to the new genus Oblea, of the Diplopsalis group, created for some species previ¬ously known as Peridiniopsis. A key of the included species is given. The other new species are Peridinium aspidiotum, P. anomaloplaxum, P. lipopodium and Gonyaulax fratercula, all of them carefully described and depicted. Sticholonche zanclea (Radiolaria), Calsiosolenia sinuosa (Coccolithophoridae) and Tintinnopsis levigata (Tintinnida) are reported for the first time in the South-Atlantic. For T. levigata ?, Balech, 1939, a new name has been created: T. tregouboffi. Some unknown details of the protoplasm of the silicoflagellate Dictyocha octonaria are described. In the fourth part the author compares the plankton taken in Mar del Plata with the previously studied at Pto. Quequén. The plankton of March-April points to an invasion of oceanic warm waters from the Brazilian Current System.

Observaciones sobre la reproducción, desarrollo embrionario y larval de la anchoíta argentina (Engraulis anchoita)

The first studies on the problems related to the reproduction of marine fish in Argentina (SW Atlantic ocean) have been carried out with a species of great economic importance, the anchovy (Engraulis anchoita Hubbs and Marini). The spawning period of this species during the period 1963-64 has been determined. By the application of the quantitative collection method, it has been established that spawning commenced in the areas close to the coast during the first few days of September and at a water temperature of 10,3° C and reached its greatest intensity in October (up 1569 eggs/1 square metre surface water) at a temperature varying between 11,5-13,8° C. From the middle of November the anchovy continues to reproduce in a less intensive form and further out to Sea, up to at least the month of May. The intensity of reproduction reaches a peek in February, and at a water temperature of 20° C. It is believed that two physiologically distinct populations of Engraulis anchoita may exist, the first reproducing in Spring and the second in Autumn. It has been established that a daily spawning rhythm occurs, between the hours of 8 and 12 p. m. During this period it was possible to obtain mature females with which artificial fertilization was performed. The rate of development was determined, which at a temperature of 14-15° C is from 69-72 hours, and at a temperature of 19-20° C from 50-53 hours. A temperature of 49° C was found be lethal. The different embryonic and larval stages of development are illustrated diagramatically and individually described. The preliminary studies on the larvae and juveniles caught in the Sea during the period of reproduction led to the formulation of certain conclusions whith reference that the juveniles, as yet larvae, begin to group together at an early age, and the younger individuals the more uniform are the schoals whith regards to the total size of the specimens. It has shown that the anchovy during its first year of life tends to display littoral behaviour. RESUMEN EN ESPAÑOL: Los primeros estudios de los problemas referentes a la reproducción de los peces marinos en la Argentina (océano Atlántico sudoccidental) se han efectuado sobre una especie de gran importancia económica, Engraulis anchoita Hubbs y Marini. Se ha determinado la época de desove de la anchoíta en un período anual 1963-64. Aplicando el método de recolección cuantitativo se ha establecido que el desove de esta especie ha empezado en las zonas muy cercanas a la costa, en los primeros días de setiembre a la temperatura 10,3° C y ha alcanzado mayor intensidad en octubre (hasta 1569 huevos en 1 m2 de la superficie del agua) a la temperatura 11,5°-13,8° C. Desde mediados de noviembre la anchoíta sigue reproduciéndose en forma poco intensiva y más mar afuera, hasta por lo menos el mes de mayo. La intensidad de reproducción para este segundo período alcanza un pico, aunque muy pequeño en febrero a la temperatura 20° C. Se hace la suposición de que pueden existir dos de distintas características fisiológicas poblaciones de Engraulis anchoita una de reproducción primaveral y otra de reproducción otoñal. Además se ha establecido que existe un ritmo diario de desove que comprende las horas 20-24. En las horas de postura se pudo conseguir hembras maduras y con sus productos sexuales se efectuó la fecundación artificial. Se determinó la velocidad de desarrollo que a la temperatura 14°-15° C es de 69-72 horas y en la temperatura 19°- 20° C es de 50-53 horas. La temperatura 4° resultó ser letal. Se realizaron dibujos y descripciones correspondientes a los distintos estadios embrionarios y larvales. Los estudios preliminares de las larvas y juveniles de la anchoíta, capturados en el mar en la época de reproducción, permitieron sacar ciertas conclusiones sobre el crecimiento en sus primeros meses de vida. Se observó que los juveniles, larvas todavía, empiezan a agruparse muy temprano y cuanto más jóvenes son los individuos, tanto más uniformes son los cardúmenes en las dimensiones de los ejemplares. Se demostró que la anchoíta en su primer año de vida tiene costumbres muy costeras.