Coaching nutricional para la pérdida de peso

Introducción: debido a la alta prevalencia de sobrepeso y obesidad se hacen necesarias nuevas estrategias para su prevención y tratamiento. El coaching nutricional (CN) ha emergido en los últimos años y ha demostrado ser efectivo para la pérdida de peso aunque, al ser un concepto innovador, no siempre se utiliza apropiadamente. Objetivo: verificar si el CN, junto con el asesoramiento técnico, es una estrategia efectiva para la disminución de peso en población con sobrepeso u obesidad en comparación con el asesoramiento nutricional por sí solo. Material y métodos: se revisó la bibliografía referente a CN para determinar los parámetros de calidad en cuanto a esta intervención. Se realizó una búsqueda de estudios controlados aleatorizados que aplicaran CN según los parámetros seleccionados y lo compararan con asesoramiento técnico nutricional. Resultados: se analizaron ocho estudios con alta calidad en la intervención de coaching y calidad metodológica media o alta. Seis de ellos indicaron diferencias significativas a favor del grupo que recibió CN. Conclusión: el CN es una estrategia efectiva para bajar de peso. Se necesitan más investigaciones con una definición clara de la metodología utilizada para aportar solidez a este nuevo enfoque.

The effects of emotional awareness training on teachers' ability to manage the emotions of preschool children: an experimental study

This article describes the process and results of a Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT) on teachers' ability to manage the emotions of preschool children during a constrained play activity. Thirty early childhood education teachers participated in the study. Half of the participants were taught strategies to enhance their own emotional competence. The control group was provided with standard information on child development. The experimental group was trained in active strategies on emotion coaching, emotional schemas, reflective practice focused on emotions, and mindfulness training. The teachers' outcomes were assessed in situ during a pretend play session with small groups of preschoolers. The dependent variables were observed occurrences of different components of emotional competence in teachers. Significant statistical differences were found between the two groups across the three different emotional competence skills (regulation, expression, and knowledge) demonstrated by the early childhood teachers during a game situation. This experimental study highlights the processes through which teachers support the emotional competence of young children, and the importance of the role of early childhood teachers' own emotional competence on the socialisation of children's emotions. Most importantly, it provides evidence, based on the influence of emotion-focused teacher-training and reflective practices, that teachers' emotional skills should be supported such that they can optimally meet the emotional needs of young children.

Patterns of Play in the Fast attack of F. C. Barcelona, Manchester United and F. C. Internazionale Milano: a Mixed Method Approach

This study aimed to detect and analyse regular patterns of play in fast attack of football teams, through the combination of the sequential analysis technique and semi-structured interviews to experienced first League Portuguese coaches. The sample included 36 games (12 games of the respective national leagues per team) of the F.C. Barcelona, Inter Milan, and Manchester United teams that were coded with the observational instrument tool developed by Sarmento et al. (2010) and the data analysed through sequential analysis with the software SDIS-GSEQ 5.0. Based on the detected patterns, semi-structured interviews were carried out to 8 expert high-performance football coaches and data were analysed through the content analysis technique using the software NVivo 10. The detected patterns of play revealed specific characteristics of the teams under study. The combination of the results of sequential analysis with the qualitative interviews to the professional coaches proved to be very fruitful in this game the analysis of scope, allowing reconcile scientific knowledge with practical interpretation of coaches who develop their tasks in the field.