Corpus de tesis de ingeniería : paralelismo de las conclusiones entre inglés y español

El objetivo de este Proyecto Fin de Carrera es abordar el análisis del capítulo de conclusiones de tesis de ingeniería de telecomunicación a partir de un corpus comparable en inglés y español. A través del léxico podrán conocerse las expresiones típicas y la estructura de capítulo de conclusiones, tanto en inglés como en español. Para empezar este Proyecto, se ha compilado los corpus que se quieren comparar, en total se ha digitalizado tres corpus, uno con 24 conclusiones de tesis doctorales en español, otro con el mismo número de capítulos de conclusiones de tesis doctorales en inglés (PhD) y por último un corpus de conclusiones de tesis de fin de máster y de grado. El primer análisis que se ha realizado es el de la estructura de las conclusiones a partir de los títulos y subtítulos del capítulo. Se han comparado los títulos más utilizados y se han comentado las coincidencias y diferencias entre los corpus. La estructura vista a través de los subtítulos, se ha comparado con la propuesta por la autora Glasman-Deal (2011) en trabajos académicos de investigación, principalmente en artículos de investigación. La siguiente parte del Proyecto se ha centrado en el estudio del léxico, para ello nos hemos ayudado de la herramienta informática Wordsmith tools de la que se han explicado sus herramientas y funciones más útiles para este trabajo entre ellas el plot, que informa número de archivos en la que aparece cada palabra en el corpus. Las palabras con mayor plot son las más usadas por todos los doctorandos cuando escriben el capítulo de conclusiones .Se han elaborado unas pirámides donde se han colocado las palabras propias del género académico de las tesis por orden de uso. Las más usadas, con mayor plot, en la base y según se asciende aparecen las que tienen menor plot, con el fin de ver de una forma gráfica el peso que tiene cada palabra en el corpus. El siguiente paso del análisis del léxico ha tenido el objetivo de diferenciar los contextos de uso de las palabras incluidas en las pirámides. Se ha diferenciado entre los usos de las palabras dependiendo de su denotación académica o técnica. Esta comparación ha permitido comprobar que dentro del mismo corpus un sustantivo como contribuciones tiene connotación positiva o negativa dependiendo del contexto. Con los ejemplos aportados por los corpus se proporciona una base para el análisis lingüístico, centrado en los sustantivos, en este trabajo. Para finalizar el Proyecto, se ha implementado una base de datos con los resultados obtenidos del análisis de los sustantivos en la que se pueden ver las palabras que corresponden a cada nivel de la pirámide y ejemplos del uso de estas palabras. The aim of this Project is to analyze the concluding chapter of PhD thesis in the field of telecommunication engineering by means of a comparable corpus in English and Spanish. Through the lexis we will be able to capture useful expressions and the typical structure of the chapter in these specialized thesis, either in English and Spanish. To start with, three corpora have been compiled. The first one consists of 24 concluding chapters of PhD thesis in Spanish; the second, is made up of the same number of chapters of PhD thesis in the English language; and finally, 24 further chapters of Master and Degree thesis in English were digitalized and prepared for lexis analysis. Second, the study of the structure of the chapter of conclusions has been carried out. In this part the most common titles in the chapter of conclusions have been analysed and compared so as to find differences and similarities between the two languages compared. Moreover, the structure found through the subtitles in the conclusions of the thesis has been compared with the structure proposed by Glasman-Deal (2011) in her book Science Research Writing. Third, the study has been focused on the lexis of each corpus. These corpora have been treated with a lexis analyser called Wordsmith tools. The variables of frequency and plot have been applied to withdraw the most widely used nouns from the list of all the words found in any of the corpus. A pyramidal structure has been designed in order to show the academic or gender nouns - the ones usually found in the concluding chapter of thesis – nouns with a higher plot in the corpus. Two different types of context have been found for these nouns: technical and academic denotation. To show the difference in use of these nouns, arranged examples of contexts are given for each of the words studied. Finally, a database has been implemented to arrange the results of the lexis study. In this database the most significant examples of each noun are shown.

New Constructive Solutions to Improve Energy Efficiency in Existing Buildings and their Economic Viability

The improvement of energy efficiency in existing buildings is always a challenge due to their particular, and sometimes protected, constructive solutions. New constructive regulations in Spain leave a big undefined gap when a restoration is considered because they were developed for new buildings. However, rehabilitation is considered as an opportunity for many properties because it allows owners to obtain benefits from the use of the buildings. The current financial and housing crisis has turned society point of view to existing buildings and making them more efficient is one of the Spanish government’s aims. The economic viability of a rehabilitation action should take all factors into account: both construction costs and the future operative costs of the building must be considered. Nevertheless, the application of these regulations in Spain is left to the designer’s opinion and always under a subjective point of view. With the research work described in this paper and with the help of some case-studies, the cost of adapting an existing building to the new constructive regulations will be studied and Energetic Efficiency will be evaluated depending on how the investment is recovered. The interest of the research is based on showing how new constructive solutions can achieve higher levels of efficiency in terms of energy, construction and economy and it will demonstrate that Life Cycle Costing analysis can be a mechanism to find the advantages and disadvantages of using these new constructive solutions. Therefore, this paper has the following objectives: analysing constructive solutions in existing buildings - to establish a process for assessing total life cycle costs (LCC) during the planning stages with consideration of future operating costs - to select the most advantageous operating system – To determine the return on investment in terms of construction costs based on new techniques, the achieved energy savings and investment payback periods.

A collaborative filtering approach to mitigate the new user cold start problem.

The new user cold start issue represents a serious problem in recommender systems as it can lead to the loss of new users who decide to stop using the system due to the lack of accuracy in the recommenda- tions received in that first stage in which they have not yet cast a significant number of votes with which to feed the recommender system?s collaborative filtering core. For this reason it is particularly important to design new similarity metrics which provide greater precision in the results offered to users who have cast few votes. This paper presents a new similarity measure perfected using optimization based on neu- ral learning, which exceeds the best results obtained with current metrics. The metric has been tested on the Netflix and Movielens databases, obtaining important improvements in the measures of accuracy, precision and recall when applied to new user cold start situations. The paper includes the mathematical formalization describing how to obtain the main quality measures of a recommender system using leave- one-out cross validation.

Compaslab.org, competences to be an ace. Learning design for a successful sustainable employability

Companies are looking for workers trained in soft skills, and we want to help in the learning process. How? Through three courses (Building trust through values, soft skills and entrepreneurship) and historical aces, characters who joined strong values, intellectual and social capabilities and an entrepreneurial spirit, to leave a legacy. CompasLab.org = Values + Skills + Action.