Análisis de madurez de la gestión del capital intelectual en la pequeña y mediana empresa latinoamericana

La gestión del conocimiento y el capital intelectual son conceptos complejos de difícil implantación en las organizaciones y desde nuestra perspectiva, sólo es posible entenderlos desde un punto de vista socio-técnico, es decir, donde el componente humano establece una relación de sinergia con elementos tecnológicos y culturales para ampliar sus capacidades. El modelo exploratorio propuesto está basado en una relación causa-efecto, como resultado de la vinculación entre las TI/SI, la cultura y el capital humano con la gestión del conocimiento organizacional, en el marco de un modelo de madurez. La investigación fue desarrollada sobre un grupo de pymes latinoamericanas del sector industrial y manufacturero. Se usaron ecuaciones estructuradas (PLS) como herramientas de análisis estadístico. Estructuralmente se pudo demostrar la validez del modelo, quedando comprobada su fiabilidad, consistencia, estabilidad, calidad y poder de predicción. Mientras que funcionalmente, éste sirvió como apoyo para demostrar que las Pymes aun no han encontrado el equilibrio que les permita aprovechar eficientemente la tecnología instalada y la capacidad de su recurso humano para explotar su capital intelectual. Su desempeño sigue basado fundamentalmente en su cultura organizacional.

Operational characterisation of a Micro-SME producing farmhouse cheese in the south of Venezuela

A piece of research is presented that was conducted on the Guayanes Farmhouse Telita Cheese Producers Network located in the Piar and Padre Chien rural municipalities of Bolivar state in Venezuela. Guayanes telita cheese is a regional dairy product. The producers are to be found in a rural area with a high potential for marketing the label in the Southern Common Market (MERCOSUR). This market is the focal point of the strategic importance of this study for the Region and the Country. The research is of a descriptive scope conducted in the field. A questionnaire based on good food production practice was used as a data gathering technique. The final sample comprised 30 production units. Statistical processing was performed with version 15.2 of the STATGRAPHICS Centurion computational tool. The results would appear to confirm previous studies that point to the existence of factors that prevent these Micro-SMEs from guaranteeing the food safety of the product. The results indicate that new lines of research need to be opened up. These are oriented towards formulating strategies for the continuous improvement of these micro-SMEs, including quality control indicators.

CSR Policies: Effects on Labour Productivity in Spanish Micro and Small Manufacturing Companies

This paper analyses empirical evidence of efforts to enable Spanish micro and small manufacturing companies to boost their labour productivity rates through the development of the main pillars of their corporate social responsibility (CSR) policies. This study aims to develop new approaches and sensibilities towards work from an ethical, values (virtues) and CSR perspective, showing how internal dimensions of CSR, such those related to relationships with employees and responsibility in processes and product quality, can improve labour performance and labour efficiency, thereby contributing to a better society. The results of a sample of 929 small businesses indicate that the social responsibility policies that most contributed to a short-term increase in labour productivity are those related to internal aspects of the company, in particular its involvement in the quality of processes and products, promotion of innovation and employee care. However, the impact on labour productivity of CSR policies related to external factors, such as relationship with stakeholders and environmental concern, could not be empirically proven in this paper.