2 resultados para Maria Aurora Carvalho Homem

em Universidad Politécnica de Madrid


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El estudio del lenguaje técnico es una tarea común a varias disciplinas. La terminología es una disciplina autónoma de carácter interdisciplinario al servicio de diferentes campos científico-técnicos. Los enfoques interdisciplinares/transversales permiten acercarse a un mismo fenómeno desde distintos ángulos ofreciendo una imagen más completa con diferentes aportaciones procedentes de los distintos métodos utilizados [1]. En la actualidad, es esencial la colaboración interdisciplinar de áreas que comparten aspectos íntimamente ligados como en el presente estudio: la terminología, la arquitectura y la construcción. La Normativa Técnica española en el área de la arquitectura y de la construcción ha sufrido muchos cambios en relación con la clasificación de los sistemas y elementos constructivos. La presente comunicación toma como punto de partida el análisis de un corpus 1 [2] lingüístico automatizado que contiene textos especializados, en lengua inglesa y española, del subdominio de sistemas y elementos constructivos de las estructuras metálicas de hierro y acero. La investigación se realiza mediante el estudio de estos textos de referencia empleados por los profesionales de la arquitectura y de la construcción. En esta comunicación se presentan los resultados relacionados con un elemento estructural que se presta a un análisis conceptual complejo, a saber “beam”, en español “viga”. Partimos del análisis semántico de las unidades clave (nudos conceptuales) para establecer las clases/categorías conceptuales pertinentes a este subdominio de especialidad. Posteriormente analizamos los nudos conceptuales con el objetivo de representar las relaciones entre los conceptos por medio de un análisis contrastivo de los conceptos/términos en lengua inglesa y española con el fin de determinar si el uso, en las dos lenguas de estudio, concuerda con la definición dada en los textos y en la normativa de origen.

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The objective of this thesis is model some processes from the nature as evolution and co-evolution, and proposing some techniques that can ensure that these learning process really happens and useful to solve some complex problems as Go game. The Go game is ancient and very complex game with simple rules which still is a challenge for the Artificial Intelligence. This dissertation cover some approaches that were applied to solve this problem, proposing solve this problem using competitive and cooperative co-evolutionary learning methods and other techniques proposed by the author. To study, implement and prove these methods were used some neural networks structures, a framework free available and coded many programs. The techniques proposed were coded by the author, performed many experiments to find the best configuration to ensure that co-evolution is progressing and discussed the results. Using co-evolutionary learning processes can be observed some pathologies which could impact co-evolution progress. In this dissertation is introduced some techniques to solve pathologies as loss of gradients, cycling dynamics and forgetting. According to some authors, one solution to solve these co-evolution pathologies is introduce more diversity in populations that are evolving. In this thesis is proposed some techniques to introduce more diversity and some diversity measurements for neural networks structures to monitor diversity during co-evolution. The genotype diversity evolved were analyzed in terms of its impact to global fitness of the strategies evolved and their generalization. Additionally, it was introduced a memory mechanism in the network neural structures to reinforce some strategies in the genes of the neurons evolved with the intention that some good strategies learned are not forgotten. In this dissertation is presented some works from other authors in which cooperative and competitive co-evolution has been applied. The Go board size used in this thesis was 9x9, but can be easily escalated to more bigger boards.The author believe that programs coded and techniques introduced in this dissertation can be used for other domains.