La vivienda plurifamiliar de Juan Manuel Ruiz de la Prada

El objetivo de este trabajo es conocer la arquitectura de Juan Manuel Ruiz de la Prada, un arquitecto cuya obra ha dejado una impronta en la ciudad de Madrid, pero sobre el que no hay apenas información objetiva que ponga en valor su trabajo. Lo más relevante dentro de su trayectoria como arquitecto, es una serie de edificios en los barrios de Salamanca y Chamberí, con un programa similar y ejecutados en un corto periodo de tiempo. Este trabajo analiza las circunstancias del Madrid de los 60 junto con la arquitectura de la vivienda plurifamiliar destinada a las clases acomodadas de la época. Se han estudiado con mayor profundidad, dos de los edificios de Juan Manuel Ruiz de la Prada, en los que tuvo un doble papel de promotor y de arquitecto. El primero situado en José Abascal nº50 con Zurbano nº73 y el segundo situado en Martínez Campos con Zurbano nº51 que, a su vez, es el primero de una serie de cuatro.

Yield and sugar accumulating capacities of Airén cultivar. A preliminary study

Airén is the most worldwide spread white grape cultivar, high yielding, well adapted to hot, dry conditions, and not very sensitive to fungal diseases. Its largest growing region is La Mancha, where Airén has been traditionally bush trained, spur pruned and grown with no irrigation. However, grape growing has evolved to meet the need for higher yields and harvest mechanization; and modern cultural practices train grape vines to simple multi-wire trellis systems, cane pruned, and usually irrigated. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the yield and sugar accumulating capacities of Airén cultivar with regard to leaf area, and to assess the influence that different yield components have on yield. In 2014, five commercial irrigated vineyards, located in La Mancha, of different ages, and grafted onto different rootstocks were selected for this study. Canopy surface area (SA) was measured at maturity. Berry weight and sugar concentration were measured during ripening on a weekly basis. Yield and yield components were determined at harvest. Values for shoot density ranged 2.3-5.1 shoots/m2; SA, 0.6-1.1 m2/m2; yield, 20-40 t/ha; fertility, 1.1-1.7 bunches/shoot; bunch weight, 450-650 g; berry weight, 2.5-2.9 g; and sugar concentration, 17-21 ºBrix. The number of bunches per shoot was the yield component that had the greatest influence on yield. The number of berries was the main contributing factor to bunch weight. A lineal relationship between SA/yield and sugar concentration was observed, with values of SA/yield ranging from 0.20 to 0.45 m2/kg. A ratio SA/yield of approximately 0.4 m2/kg was needed to reach a value of 20 ºBrix. Hence it would be necessary a SA of 12000 m2/ha, under the conditions of this study, to achieve a 30 t/ha yield, and a sugar concentration of 20 ºBrix. These results are a step forward in the study of the Airén cultivar, being of help for grape growers in the center area of Spain in order to maximize crop yield and sugar accumulation.