Avances en Viticultura en el Mundo

Esta presentación incluye dos grandes apartados. Primero se define la situación actual y segundo se analizan las tendencias y se mira al futuro. El mercado del vino está muy afectado por la globalización y en la situación de crisis actual del sector (incremento de producciones, descenso de consumo global, incremento de excedentes,..) El objetivo que se plantea es la obtención de productos competitivos en precios y apetecibles a los consumidores para lo que se considera imprescindible la mejora de la calidad y la tipicidad de los vinos. En este sentido en los últimos años se han producido avances importantes en el cultivo del viñedo en las diferentes áreas vitícolas mundiales y que se refieren principalmente a: la búsqueda de diferenciación frente a la globalización mediante el estudio de variedades y ambientes caracterización de los ambientes adecuados (terroir),adaptación de variedades. Fisiología y cultivo de la vid equilibrio del viñedo y calidad del vino,sistemas de conducción y manejo de la vegetación,riego: aplicación racional del agua Viticultura y cambio climático la huella de carbono adaptación desarrollo de la mejora genética e identificación del material vegetal. Mirando al futuro reducción de los costes de producción y mecanización,desarrollo sostenible

Orbital debris mitigation through deorbiting with passive electrodynamic drag

The increase of orbital debris and the consequent proliferation of smaller objects through fragmentation are driving the need for mitigation strategies. The issue is how to deorbit the satellite with an efficient system that does not impair drastically the propellant budget of the satellite and, consequently, reduces its operating life. We have been investigating, in the framework of a European-Community-funded project, a passive system that makes use of an electrodynamics tether to deorbit a satellite through Lorentz forces. The deorbiting system will be carried by the satellite itself at launch and deployed from the satellite at the end of its life. From that moment onward the system operates passively without requiring any intervention from the satellite itself. The paper summarizes the results of the analysis carried out to show the deorbiting performance of the system starting from different orbital altitudes and inclinations for a reference satellite mass. Results can be easily scaled to other satellite masses. The results have been obtained by using a high-fidelity computer model that uses the latest environmental routines for magnetic field, ionospheric density, atmospheric density and a gravity field model. The tether dynamics is modelled by considering all the main aspects of a real system as the tether flexibility and its temperature-dependent electrical conductivity. Temperature variations are computed by including all the major external and internal input fluxes and the thermal flux emitted from the tether. The results shows that a relatively compact and light system can carry out the complete deorbit of a relatively large satellite in a time ranging from a month to less than a year starting from high LEO with the best performance occurring at low orbital inclinations.

Can Jupiters be found by monitoring Galactic bulge microlensing events from northern sites?

In 1998 the EXPORT team monitored microlensing event light curves using a charge-coupled device (CCD) camera on the IAC 0.8-m telescope on Tenerife to evaluate the prospect of using northern telescopes to find microlens anomalies that reveal planets orbiting the lens stars. The high airmass and more limited time available for observations of Galactic bulge sources make a northern site less favourable for microlensing planet searches. However, there are potentially a large number of northern 1-m class telescopes that could devote a few hours per night to monitor ongoing microlensing events. Our IAC observations indicate that accuracies sufficient to detect planets can be achieved despite the higher airmass.