Envelope Amplifier Based on a Hybrid Series Converter With The Slow-envelope Technique

High frequency dc-dc switching converters are used as envelope amplifiers in RF transmitters. The dc-dc converter should operate at very high frequency to track an envelope in the MHz range to supply the power amplifier. One of the circuits suitable for this application is a hybrid topology composed of a switched converter and a linear regulator in series that work together to adjust the output voltage to track the envelope with accuracy. This topology can take advantage of the reduced slew-rate technique where switching dc-dc converter provides the RF envelope with limited slew rate in order to avoid high switching frequency and high power losses, while the linear regulator performs fine adjustment in order to obtain the exact replica of the RF envelope. The combination of this control technique with this topology is proposed in this paper. Envelopes with different bandwidth will be considered to optimize the efficiency of the dc-dc converter. The calculations and experiments have been done to track a 2MHz envelope in the range 0-12V for an EER RF transmitter.

Two way clustering of Microarray Data using a Hybrid Approach

The Microarray technique is rather powerful, as it allows to test up thousands of genes at a time, but this produces an overwhelming set of data files containing huge amounts of data, which is quite difficult to pre-process, separate, classify and correlate for interesting conclusions to be extracted. Modern machine learning, data mining and clustering techniques based on information theory, are needed to read and interpret the information contents buried in those large data sets. Independent Component Analysis method can be used to correct the data affected by corruption processes or to filter the uncorrectable one and then clustering methods can group similar genes or classify samples. In this paper a hybrid approach is used to obtain a two way unsupervised clustering for a corrected microarray data.

Hybrid topological derivative and gradient-based methods for electrical impedance tomography

We present a technique to reconstruct the electromagnetic properties of a medium or a set of objects buried inside it from boundary measurements when applying electric currents through a set of electrodes. The electromagnetic parameters may be recovered by means of a gradient method without a priori information on the background. The shape, location and size of objects, when present, are determined by a topological derivative-based iterative procedure. The combination of both strategies allows improved reconstructions of the objects and their properties, assuming a known background.

High Efficiency Envelope Amplifier Using The Slow-Envelope Technique

High efficiency envelope amplifiers are demanded in EER technique for RF transmitters, which benefits low maintaining cost or long battery time. The conventional solution is a dc-dc switching converters. This dc-dc converter should operate at very high frequency to track an envelope in the MHz range to supply the power amplifier. One of the alternative circuits suitable for this application is a hybrid topology composed of a switched converter and a linear regulator in series that work together to adjust the output voltage to track the envelope with accuracy. This topology can take advantage of the reduced slew-rate technique (also called slow-envelope technique) where switching dc-dc converter provides the RF envelope with limited slew rate in order to avoid high switching frequency and high power losses, while the linear regulator performs fine adjustment in order to obtain the exact replica of the RF envelope. The combination of this control technique with this topology is proposed in this paper. Envelopes with different bandwidth will be considered to optimize the efficiency of the dc-dc converter.