A new way of teaching different subjects in a foreign language in the Building Engineering Degree at the Universidad Politécnica.

The European Union has been promoting linguistic diversity for many years as one of its main educational goals. This is an element that facilitates student mobility and student exchanges between different universities and countries and enriches the education of young undergraduates. In particular, a higher degree of competence in the English language is becoming essential for engineers, architects and researchers in general, as English has become the lingua franca that opens up horizons to internationalisation and the transfer of knowledge in today’s world. Many experts point to the Integrated Approach to Contents and Foreign Languages System as being an option that has certain benefits over the traditional method of teaching a second language that is exclusively based on specific subjects. This system advocates teaching the different subjects in the syllabus in a language other than one’s mother tongue, without prioritising knowledge of the language over the subject. This was the idea that in the 2009/10 academic year gave rise to the Second Language Integration Programme (SLI Programme) at the Escuela Arquitectura Técnica in the Universidad Politécnica Madrid (EUATM-UPM), just at the beginning of the tuition of the new Building Engineering Degree, which had been adapted to the European Higher Education Area (EHEA) model. This programme is an interdisciplinary initiative for the set of subjects taught during the semester and is coordinated through the Assistant Director Office for Educational Innovation. The SLI Programme has a dual goal; to familiarise students with the specific English terminology of the subject being taught, and at the same time improve their communication skills in English. A total of thirty lecturers are taking part in the teaching of eleven first year subjects and twelve in the second year, with around 120 students who have voluntarily enrolled in a special group in each semester. During the 2010/2011 academic year the degree of acceptance and the results of the SLI Programme have been monitored. Tools have been designed to aid interdisciplinary coordination and to analyse satisfaction, such as coordination records and surveys. The results currently available refer to the first and second year and are divided into specific aspects of the different subjects involved and into general aspects of the ongoing experience.

Integrated approach to foreign language in the building engineering degree at the Universidad Politécnica Madrid

The European Union has been promoting linguistic diversity for many years as one of its main educational goals. This is an element that facilitates student mobility and student exchanges between different universities and countries and enriches the education of young undergraduates. In particular,a higher degree of competence in the English language is becoming essential for engineers, architects and researchers in general, as English has become the lingua franca that opens up horizons to internationalisation and the transfer of knowledge in today’s world. Many experts point to the Integrated Approach to Contents and Foreign Languages System as being an option that has certain benefits over the traditional method of teaching a second language that is exclusively based on specific subjects. This system advocates teaching the different subjects in the syllabus in a language other than one’s mother tongue, without prioritising knowledge of the language over the subject. This was the idea that in the 2009/10 academic year gave rise to the Second Language Integration Programme (SLI Programme) at the Escuela Arquitectura Tecnica in the Universidad Politecnica Madrid (EUATM-UPM), just at the beginning of the tuition of the new Building Engineering Degree, which had been adapted to the European Higher Education Area (EHEA) model. This programme is an interdisciplinary initiative for the set of subjects taught during the semester and is coordinated through the Assistant Director Office for Educational Innovation. The SLI Programme has a dual goal; to familiarise students with the specific English terminology of the subject being taught, and at the same time improve their communication skills in English. A total of thirty lecturers are taking part in the teaching of eleven first year subjects and twelve in the second year, with around 120 students who have voluntarily enrolled in a special group in each semester. During the 2010/2011 academic year the degree of acceptance and the results of the SLI Programme are being monitored. Tools have been designed to aid interdisciplinary coordination and to analyse satisfaction, such as coordination records and surveys. The results currently available refer to the first semester of the year and are divided into specific aspects of the different subjects involved and into general aspects of the ongoing experience.

Pedro Muguruza Otaño (1893-1952): Aproximación histórica a su obra arquitectónica

El arquitecto Pedro Muguruza (1893-1952) fue protagonista de la cultura arquitectónica española de la primera mitad del siglo XX. El estudio de su obra ha sido una carencia dentro de la historiografía de la materia, por lo que la tesis constituye una primera investigación en conjunto de su trayectoria profesional. Muguruza realizó una obra abundante y diversa, pero además fue catedrático de la Escuela de Arquitectura de Madrid, académico de San Fernando y primer director general de arquitectura; datos que corroboran la necesidad de haber desarrollado una monografía con un enfoque global. La tesis ha ordenado, clasificado y analizado sus trabajos, tanto desde un punto de vista histórico como desde el punto de vista arquitectónico. En la investigación se ha recurrido a fuentes primarias y secundarias; y una de las aportaciones de la tesis es el riguroso soporte documental sobre el que se asienta. El trabajo tiene un desarrollo cronológico, dividido en tres capítulos identificados como las etapas generales de su carrera: 1. Años de formación y trayectorias iniciales (1909- 1923), 2. Desarrollo profesional (1923-1938), 3. Las tareas en la administración estatal y último periodo (1938-1952). Asimismo, se ha llevado a cabo el catálogo de su obra —también ordenado cronológicamente—, herramienta que posibilita recorrer de principio a fin el listado y las referencias de su arquitectura. En este apartado se han reproducido más de 1.200 imágenes de 294 proyectos. La tesis ha revisado y descubierto la obra de un arquitecto de mayor recorrido y versatilidad del conocido hasta ahora; personaje complejo de abordar, asociado al franquismo, —cuando en realidad desarrolló una gran parte de sus proyectos en la década de los años veinte y treinta—, difícil de abarcar en todas sus dimensiones, arquitectónica, artística e institucional. La investigación ha permitido indagar y exponer sus proyectos iniciales hasta los de la etapa de madurez, gracias a lo que se han determinado los géneros y los procesos de su trabajo, las constantes de su trayectoria y las referencias e influencias que recibió, tanto de corrientes nacionales como de extranjeras. También se ha revisado su pensamiento arquitectónico a través de sus escritos. El trabajo ofrece un panorama más completo del que entonces se tenía del polifacético Muguruza; arquitecto que se puede presentar como un prototipo reflejo de nuestro pasado reciente, y que al conocer su obra se conoce una parte significativa y destacada de la historia de la arquitectura española contemporánea. ABSTRACT Architect Pedro Muguruza (1893-1952) was a pivotal figure in the Spanish architectural culture of the first half of the 20th century. However, his work as a whole has been insufficiently approached by architectural historiography. This thesis is indeed the first comprehensive research of his professional career. Muguruza’s work is abundant and diverse. He was also a professor at the School of Architecture in Madrid, a luminary scholar at the Royal Academy of Fine Arts of San Fernando and the first General Director of Architecture in Spain. All these facts compel a profound monographic exploration of his far-reaching working path. Muguruza’s projects have been organized, classified and analyzed in this thesis both from historical and architectural points of view. Primary and secondary sources have been scrutinized throughout this research and one of the assets of this project is the rigorous documentation on which it is firmly grounded. The results of this research have been chronologically organized and structured into three chapters identified with the general stages of his prolific career: 1. Training years and his initial paths (1909-1923). 2. Professional development (1923-1938). 3. His role in the state administration and his last period (1938-1952). A chronological catalogue of all his architectural work has also been carried out as part of this project. This catalogue offers the possibility to track his works and all references to them under a historical perspective. More than 1,200 images of his projects have been included in this catalogue. The thesis has gone through and shown up the work of an architect whose magnitude and versatility is much more than what previously known. Muguruza represents a complicated figure to approach ideologically speaking because of his later relationship to Franco’s regime – when in fact Muguruza developed a big part of his projects in the 20’s and 30’s before the dictatorship –. He is also a difficult figure to research on because of his exhaustive working activity in different dimensions: architectural, artistic and institutional. This research allows any incoming scholars to approach Muguruza’s projects under an accurate perspective. From his initial works to his maturity period, his projects have been analyzed and classified by establishing different stages. Additionally, some constant guidelines within his long career and the influences he received both in Spain and abroad have also been identified and properly considered. His architectural line of thought has been explored through his writings too. This thesis provides a complete overview of a multifaceted Muguruza, an architect who can be introduced as an archetype of our recent cultural heritage. By exploring his work a quintessential part of the Spanish contemporary architecture is definitively revealed and acknowledged.

An intelligent sales assistant for configurable products

Some of the recent proposals of web-based applications are oriented to provide advanced search services through virtual shops. Within this context, this paper proposes an advanced type of software application that simulates how a sales assistant dialogues with a consumer to dynamically configure a product according to particular needs. The paper presents the general knowl- edge model that uses artificial intelligence and knowledge-based techniques to simulate the configuration process. Finally, the paper illustrates the description with an example of an application in the field of photography equipment.

Effect of positioning on the accuracy of decision making of association football top-class referees and assistant referees during competitive matches

The aim of this study was to examine the effect of positioning on the correctness of decision making of top-class referees and assistant referees during international games. Match analyses were carried out during the Fe´de´ration Internationale de Football Association (FIFA) Confederations Cup 2009 and 380 foul play incidents and 165 offside situations were examined. The error percentage for the referees when indicating the incidents averaged 14%. The lowest error percentage occurred in the central area of the field, where the collaboration of the assistant referee is limited, and was achieved when indicating the incidents from a distance of 11–15 m, whereas this percentage peaked (23%) in the last 15-min match period. The error rate for the assistant referees was 13%. Distance of the assistant referee to the offside line did not have an impact on the quality of the offside decision. The risk of making incorrect decisions was reduced when the assistant referees viewed the offside situations from an angle between 46 and 608. Incorrect offside decisions occurred twice as often in the second as in the first half of the games. Perceptual-cognitive training sessions specific to the requirements of the game should be implemented in the weekly schedule of football officials to reduce the overall error rate.

Intelligent Therapy Assistant (ITA) for cognitive rehabilitation in patients with Acquired Brain Injury

This paper presents the design, development and first evaluation of an algorithm, named Intelligent Therapy Assistant (ITA), which automatically selects, configures and schedules rehabilitation tasks for patients with cognitive impairments after an episode of Acquired Brain Injury. The ITA is integrated in "Guttmann, Neuro Personal Trainer" (GNPT), a cognitive tele-rehabilitation platform that provides neuropsychological services.