El mundo lúdico en la literatura de Rabelais: la obra Gargantua y el repertorio de juegos del capítulo XXII de la edición 1542

En el presente estudio de tesis doctoral analizamos un texto literario francés del siglo XVI en el que aparecen 217 juegos. Como valor añadido se trata de parte de un texto reconocido mundialmente por la Literatura Universal como es el Gargantua de François Rabelais. A tenor de la conocida y famosa definición de Gimnasia establecida por Francisco de Amorós y Ondeano allá por 1830 en su Manuel d'éducation physique, gymnastique et morale, uno de los objetos de estudio en nuestra ciencia es la relación de nuestros movimientos con nuestras costumbres. Para ello indudablemente debemos recurrir a todo tipo de fuentes, escritas, orales o de otro tipo, para analizarlas. “La gimnasia es la ciencia razonada de nuestros movimientos, de sus relaciones con nuestros sentidos, nuestra inteligencia, nuestros sentimientos, nuestras costumbres y el desarrollo de todas nuestras facultades...” Costumbres, tradición e historia, en definitiva, que se contrasta con los medios utilizados en su análisis, herramientas TIC como son librerías digitales, buscadores de textos y palabras. A través del análisis de textos de diversa índole hemos ido obteniendo datos sobre los juegos. Estas fuentes han sido novelas, diccionarios, enciclopedias y ensayos desde el siglo XIV hasta obras contemporáneas. Se ha realizado un análisis estadístico de estas fuentes lo que ha dado a este estudio otro valor añadido desde un punto de vista metodológico. El resultado del estudio se ha plasmado en una colección de fichas creadas a partir de un estudio comparativo de diferentes fichas de juegos de autores de relevancia. ABSTRACT Gymnastics is the reasoned science of our movements, of its relations with our senses, our intelligence, our feelings, our customs and the development of all our faculties… In accordance with the all known famous definition of Gymnastics that established Don Francisco de Amorós and Ondeano in 1830 in his Manuel d'éducation physique, gymnastique et morale, one of the objects of study in our science is the relation of our movements with our customs. For it doubtlessly we must resort to all type of sources, written, oral or of another type, to analyze them. In the present doctoral thesis study we analyzed a French literary text of the XVI th century in which they appear 217 games. As added value treats world-wide from a recognized text by Universal Literature as it is the Gargantua of François Rabelais. Customs, tradition and history, really, that are resisted with means used in its analysis, TIC tools as they are digital libraries and tools to seek texts and words. Through text analysis of diverse nature we have been collecting data on the games. These sources have been novels, dictionaries, encyclopedias and tests from century XIV to contemporary works. A statistical analysis of these sources has been made which has given to this study another value added from a methodological point of view. The result of the study has been resumed in index cards created from a comparative cards study from different relevant authors.

Rocks are human beings: researching the humanizing metaphor in earth science scientific texts

This paper describes a corpus-based analysis of the humanizing metaphor and supports that constitutive metaphor in science and technology may be highly metaphorical and active. The study, grounded in Lakoff’s Theory of Metaphor and in Langacker’s relational networks, consists of two phases: firstly, Earth Science metaphorical terms were extracted from databases and dictionaries and, then, contextualized by means of the “Wordsmith” tool in a digitalized corpus created to establish their productivity. Secondly, the terms were classified to disclose the main conceptual metaphors underlying them; then, the mappings and the relational networks of the metaphor were described. Results confirm the systematicity and productivity of the metaphor in this field, show evidence that metaphoricity of scientific terms is gradable, and support that Earth Science metaphors are not only created in terms of their concrete salient properties and attributes, but also on abstract human anthropocentric projections.

Entorno histórico y social de la aparición del microchip

El siguiente proyecto es un desarrollo histórico-científico acerca de la notoria importancia que supuso la aparición del microchip o circuito integrado1. El desarrollo de este trabajo ha sido una investigación bibliográfica en contenidos webs, enciclopedias y libros. El trabajo contiene un estudio sobre los transistores que fue el componente que dio paso al circuito integrado además de ser uno de los mayores inventos del siglo XX, además, se propone una pequeña inmersión a la época histórica del momento de la aparición del transistor. Al igual que con el transistor, se hace un estudio acerca del circuito integrado, pero en este caso siendo más extenso ya que es el objeto de estudio de este PFC. Para este componente sí que podemos encontrar una explicación más exhaustiva acerca de su fabricación, materiales. Además también podemos encontrar el momento históricosocial de la época bajo estudio. Para finalizar con el proyecto, se hace un breve repaso de los ejemplos de aplicación del circuito integrado y así poder hacer hincapié de la revolución tecnológica que supuso el descubrimiento del microchip. ABSTRACT. The following work is a historical and scientific development regarding the fundamental importance the emergence of the microchip. The development of this work has consisted of a bibliographic research of web contents, encyclopedias and books. The paper contains a study about the transistors, component that propitiated the integrated circuit and was one of the most important inventions of the XXth century. Also is proposed a short historical immersion in the time that preceded the coming of the transistor. As well as with the transistor, a study of the integrated circuit is carried out, yet with deeper insight, for that is the central aim of this Final Project report. For this component a more exhaustive explanation of its manufacture process, materials and theories can be provided. Also, the historical and social of that time is described. To complete the report, a brief review is done about examples of applications of the integrated circuit and thus highlight the technological revolution that the microchip development brought.

Effects of the 4N(v) chromosome from Aegilops ventricosa on agronomic and quality traits in bread wheat

Advanced wheat lines carrying the Hessian fly resistance gene H27 were obtained by backcrossing the wheat/Aegilops ventricosa introgression line, H-93-33, to commercial wheat cultivars as recurrent parents. The Acph-N v 1 marker linked to the gene H27 on the 4Nv chromosome of this line was used for marker assisted selection. Advanced lines were evaluated for Hessian fly resistance in field and growth chamber tests, and for other agronomic traits during several crop seasons at different localities of Spain. The hessian fly resistance levels of lines carrying the 4Nv chromosome introgression (4D/4Nv substitution and recombination lines that previously were classified by in situ hybridisation) were high, but always lower than that of their Ae. ventricosa progenitor. Introgression lines had higher grain yields in infested field trials than those without the 4Nv chromosome and their susceptible parents, but lower grain yields under high yield potential conditions. The 4Nv introgression was also associated with later heading, and lower tiller and grain numbers/m2 . In addition, it was associated with longer and more lax spikes, and higher values of grain weight and grain protein content. However, the glutenin and gliadin expression, as well as the bread-making performance, were similar to those of their recurrent parents

Revision of EBG metamaterials and active antennas

This review of Electromagnetic Band Gap (EGB) metamaterials and steering integrated antennas was carried out in IMST GmbH under a short collaboration stay. This activity is in line with Coordinating the Antenna Research in Europe (CARE). The aim is to identify the newest trends, and suggest novel solutions and design methodologies for various applications.

Atmospheric attenuation at 100 and 300 GHz estimated with radiosonde data

The study of atmospheric propagation impairments at submillimeter and THz frequencies is becoming increasingly relevant due to the strong effects caused by the composition of the troposphere and the phenomena occurring in it. The present paper is devoted to the estimation of total attenuation at 100 GHz and 300 GHz under non-rainy scenarios. With this purpose, 4 years of meteorological data from Madrid have been collected, including radiosoundings from Madrid-Barajas Airport and co-site SYNOP observations. This volume of data has been analyzed with the aim of also introducing a detection method of rain conditions, which cannot be easily identified in radiosounding profiles. Finally, the method has been used to discard several probable events which would be responsible of scattering conditions and, hence, yearly CDFs of total attenuation have been obtained. It is expected that the statistics would be closest to the ones obtained by experimental techniques under similar atmospheric conditions.

Integrating WordNet and Wiktionary with lemon

Nowadays, there is a significant quantity of linguistic data available on the Web. However, linguistic resources are often published using proprietary formats and, as such, it can be difficult to interface with one another and they end up confined in “data silos”. The creation of web standards for the publishing of data on the Web and projects to create Linked Data have lead to interest in the creation of resources that can be published using Web principles. One of the most important aspects of “Lexical Linked Data” is the sharing of lexica and machine readable dictionaries. It is for this reason, that the lemon format has been proposed, which we briefly describe. We then consider two resources that seem ideal candidates for the Linked Data cloud, namely WordNet 3.0 and Wiktionary, a large document based dictionary. We discuss the challenges of converting both resources to lemon , and in particular for Wiktionary, the challenge of processing the mark-up, and handling inconsistencies and underspecification in the source material. Finally, we turn to the task of creating links between the two resources and present a novel algorithm for linking lexica as lexical Linked Data.

High Intensity Lasers Application to Advanced Materials Processing: Laser Peening and Related Processes

High Intensity Lasers Application to Advanced Materials Processing: Laser Peening and Related

Finite element simulation of sandwich panels of laminated plaster and rockwool under mixed mode fracture

Sandwich panels of laminated gypsum and rock wool have shown large pathology of cracking due to excessive slabs deflection. Currently the most widespread use of this material is as vertical elements of division or partition, with no structural function, what justifies that there are no studies on the mechanism of fracture and mechanical properties related to it. Therefore, and in order to reduce the cracking problem, it is necessary to progress in the simulation and prediction of the behaviour under tensile and shear load of such panels, although in typical applications have no structural responsability.

Metaphor and Genre: An Approach to improve the learning process of English for Aeronautics

This study suggests a theoretical framework for improving the teaching/ learning process of English employed in the Aeronautical discourse that brings together cognitive learning strategies, Genre Analysis and the Contemporary theory of Metaphor (Lakoff and Johnson 1980; Lakoff 1993). It maintains that cognitive strategies such as imagery, deduction, inference and grouping can be enhanced by means of metaphor and genre awareness in the context of content based approach to language learning. A list of image metaphors and conceptual metaphors which comes from the terminological database METACITEC is provided. The metaphorical terms from the area of Aeronautics have been taken from specialised dictionaries and have been categorised according to the conceptual metaphors they respond to, by establishing the source domains and the target domains, as well as the semantic networks found. This information makes reference to the internal mappings underlying the discourse of aeronautics reflected in five aviation accident case studies which are related to accident reports from the National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) and provides an important source for designing language teaching tasks. La Lingüística Cognitiva y el Análisis del Género han contribuido a la mejora de la enseñanza de segundas lenguas y, en particular, al desarrollo de la competencia lingüística de los alumnos de inglés para fines específicos. Este trabajo pretende perfeccionar los procesos de enseñanza y el aprendizaje del lenguaje empleado en el discurso aeronáutico por medio de la práctica de estrategias cognitivas y prestando atención a la Teoría del análisis del género y a la Teoría contemporánea de la metáfora (Lakoff y Johnson 1980; Lakoff 1993). Con el propósito de crear recursos didácticos en los que se apliquen estrategias metafóricas, se ha elaborado un listado de metáforas de imagen y de metáforas conceptuales proveniente de la base de datos terminológica META-CITEC. Estos términos se han clasificado de acuerdo con las metáforas conceptuales y de imagen existentes en esta área de conocimiento. Para la enseñanza de este lenguaje de especialidad, se proponen las correspondencias y las proyecciones entre el dominio origen y el dominio meta que se han hallado en los informes de accidentes aéreos tomados de la Junta federal de la Seguridad en el Transporte (NTSB)

Development of a PWR-W and an AP1000® containment building 3D model with a CFD code for Best-Estimate Thermal-Hydraulic Analysis

The simulation of design basis accidents in a containment building is usually conducted with a lumped parameter model. The codes normally used by Westinghouse Electric Company (WEC) for that license analysis are WGOTHIC or COCO, which are suitable to provide an adequate estimation of the overall peak temperature and pressure of the containment. However, for the detailed study of the thermal-hydraulic behavior in every room and compartment of the containment building, it could be more convenient to model the containment with a more detailed 3D representation of the geometry of the whole building. The main objective of this project is to obtain a standard PWR Westinghouse as well as an AP1000® containment model for a CFD code to analyze the thermal-hydraulic detailed behavior during a design basis accident. In this paper the development and testing of both containment models is presented.

Networked Utopia : the Architecture and Urbanism of the Bata Shoe Company Satellite Cities = Utopia en red : arquitectura y urbanismo en las ciudades satélite de la Bata Shoe Company, 1930 al presente

From its humble beginnings as a small workshop established by Tomáš Baťa in 1874, the Bata Shoe Company became a gigantic concern in the 1920s, built on the principles of scientific management and welfare capitalism. The growth of the company engulfed Zlín (in today’s Czech Republic), its hometown, and transformed it into a modern industrial garden city satisfying the needs of both a growing industrial population, and those of the company itself. As a reaction to the aftermath of the crisis of 1929, the enterprise began a strategy of decentralization and international expansion characterized by the design and construction of a series of modern industrial towns that replicated the model of Zlín around the globe. This study is an exhaustive survey of these cities, their rationale, design, and their postindustrial conditions; it is a comparative work that has used field trips, photography, interviews, and archival material to explain the logics behind Bata’s project, to document the design and implementation of the model to multiple contexts and geographies, and to evaluate of the urban legacy of this undertaking. Finally, the research explores the question of what can the design disciplines, and other parties involved, learn from a full synthesis on the history and urbanism of the Bata satellite cities with regard to the re-imagination and sustainability of contemporary industry-sponsored interventions in developing geographies. RESUMEN Con origen en un humilde y pequeño taller fundado en 1874 por Tomáš Baťa, la Bata Shoe Company creció hasta convertirse en una gigantesca empresa en los anos 20, fundada en principios de control científico de la producción y capitalismo de bienestar. El crecimiento de la compañía se extendió por Zlín (en la actual República Checa), su pueblo de nacimiento, y la transformó en una moderna ciudad jardín industrial capaz de satisfacer las necesidades tanto de una población en alza como de la propia empresa. Como reacción a la crisis de 1929, Bata inició una estrategia de descentralización y expansión internacional caracterizada por el proyecto y construcción de modernas ciudades industriales que replicaron el modelo de Zlín por el mundo. Esta tesis es un estudio exhaustivo de estas ciudades: las razones detrás del proyecto, su diseño, y su condición post-industrial; es un estudio comparativo que se ha servido de trabajo de campo, documentación fotográfica, entrevistas y materiales de archivo para explicar la lógica detrás del proyecto de Bata, documentar el diseño e implementación de tal modelo en múltiples contextos y geografías, y valorar el legado urbano de esta empresa. Finalmente, la investigación evalúa qué podrían aprender las disciplinas del diseño y otras partes implicadas de una síntesis completa de la historia y el urbanismo de las ciudades satélite de Bata, en lo relativo a la reinvención y sostenibilidad de proyectos contemporáneos de la industria en geografías en desarrollo.