Experimental determination of the eutectic temperature in air of the CuO-TiO2 pseudobinary system

Eutectic temperature and composition in the CuO–TiO2 pseudobinary system have been experimentally determined in air by means differential thermal analysis (DTA), thermogravimetry (TG) and hot-stage microscopy (HSM). Samples of the new eutectic composition treated at different temperatures have been characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray absorption near-edge structural spectroscopy (XANES) to identify phases and to determine the Cu valence state, respectively. The results show that the eutectic temperature in air is higher by 100 °C (∼1000 °C) for a Ti-richer composition (XTiO2=25 mol%) than the one calculated in the literature. The reduction of Cu2+ to Cu+ takes places at about 1030 °C. The existence of Cu2TiO3 and Cu3TiO4 has been confirmed by XRD in the temperature range between 1045 and 1200 °C.

Development of One Meter Long Double-Sided CeO2 Buffered Ni-5at.W Templates by Reel-to-Reel Chemical Solution Deposition Route

High performance long-length coated conductors fabricated using various techniques have attracted a lot of interest recently. In this work, a reel-to-reel design for depositing double-sided coatings on long-length flexible metallic tapes via a chemical solution method is proposed and realized. The major achievement of the design is to combine the dip coating and drying processes in order to overcome the technical difficulties of dealing with the wet films on both sides of the tape. We report the successful application of the design to fabricate a one-meter-long double side coated CeO2/Ni-5at%W template. The CeO2 films on both sides exhibit a dense, crack-free morphology, and a high fraction of cube texture on the surface. Homogeneity studies on global texture over the length also reveal that the average full width at half maximum values of the in-plane and out-of-plane orientation on the CeO2 layer are 7.2 ° and 5.8° with standard deviation of 0.26° and 0.34°, respectively, being indicative of the high quality epitaxial growth of the films prepared in the continuous manner. An all chemical solution derived YBCOLow-TFA/Ce0.9La0.1O2 /Gd2Zr2O7/CeO2 structure is obtained on a short sample, demonstrating the possibility of producing long-length texture templates for coated conductors by this low cost deposition route.

Política de vivienda en España: vivienda, mercado y actuaciones protegidas

La política de vivienda en España ha sufrido numerosas variaciones a lo largo del tiempo, pero a grandes rasgos se pueden diferenciar dos grandes periodos: la política del periodo franquista, principalmente a partir de la creación del Ministerio de Vivienda en 1957, y la del periodo democrático, esta última bastante homogénea durante más de treinta años. Aestos dos periodos se les podría añadir un tercero, el actual, tomando como punto de partida el 2007, año de comienzo de la crisis inmobiliaria, en el cual se empiezan a introducir nuevas ideas e instrumentos, que conviven a su vez con otras de viejo cuño.

Inorganic hydrophobic coatings: Surfaces mimicking the nature

Added value products are being developed in ceramic industry. Different optical effects as bright metallic shine or new functionalities as hydrophobicity or bactericide characteristics are the new properties searched on the tiles. In this study, we prepare glassy coatings for tiles based on copper pigment by a conventional industrial process. The obtained coatings present different aesthetical aspects, including bright metallic aspect which confers a high decorative value to the tile. Furthermore, these metallic coatings present hydrophobic properties with contact angles with water as high as 115 degrees and also bactericide characteristics. Superficial microstructure and nanoparticles were found in the bactericide-hydrophobic samples, resembling the surface of hydrophobic leaf surfaces. This structure was formed by the crystallization of CuO nanoparticles as Tenorite due to the copper saturation of the glassy matrix at the surface of the coatings.

Estrategias de proyectos: experimentos

DICCIONARIO MUTANTE Las palabras mutantes constituyen un tipo de neologismo. El ejercicio de la crítica permite el empleo de nuevos términos que facilitan la comprensión de aquellos nuevos conceptos e ideas que, necesariamente, tienen que aparecer acompañando a la nueva arquitectura. La necesidad u oportunidad de recurrir a la utilización de palabras de nuevo cuño se debe, la mayoría de las veces, a la inexistencia de un término que exprese de forma simple aquello que se quiere denominar sin recurrir a descripciones complejas. Hay neologismos que se imponen y caracterizan por su enorme fuerza expresiva. Toda disciplina que esté viva, está expuesta y deberá estar abierta a la aparición de neologismos. Puede afirmarse que una disciplina que no tenga la necesidad de incorporar nueva terminología está condenada a la decadencia. Las razones por las que se tiende a emplear un nuevo término residen en la necesidad expresar de forma específi ca aquello para lo que no existe palabra. En el Laboratorio de Crítica ARKRIT_LAB se propicia la adulteración de palabras con términos foráneos o inventados, buscando y defi niendo nuevas imágenes o nuevos enfoques. En nuestro mundo globalizado, y en permanente transformación, se debería favorecer y potenciar la aparición de términos mutantes, como parte de una experiencia permanente de redefi nición disciplinar.