Microstructure, magnetic and mechanical properties of Ni-Zn ferrites prepared by Powder Injection Moulding

Nowadays, the electronic industry demands small and complex parts as a consequence of the miniaturization of electronic devices. Powder injection moulding (PIM) is an emerging technique for the manufacturing of magnetic ceramics. In this paper, we analyze the sintering process, between 900 °C and 1300 °C, of Ni–Zn ferrites prepared by PIM. In particular, the densification behaviour, microstructure and mechanical properties of samples with toroidal and bar geometry were analyzed at different temperatures. Additionally, the magnetic behaviour (complex permeability and magnetic losses factor) of these compacts was compared with that of samples prepared by conventional powder compaction. Finally, the mechanical behaviour (elastic modulus, flexure strength and fracture toughness) was analyzed as a function of the powder loading of feedstock. The final microstructure of prepared samples was correlated with the macroscopic behaviour. A good agreement was established between the densities and population of defects found in the materials depending on the sintering conditions. In general, the final mechanical and magnetic properties of PIM samples were enhanced relative those obtained by uniaxial compaction.

Correlation Between Processing Conditions, Microstructure and Mechanical Behavior in Regenerated Silkworm Silk Fibers

Regenerated silkworm fibers spun through a wet-spinning process followed by an immersion postspinning drawing step show a work to fracture comparable with that of natural silkworm silk fibers in a wide range of spinning conditions. The mechanical behavior and microstructure of these high performance fibers have been characterized, and compared with those fibers produced through conventional spinning conditions. The comparison reveals that both sets of fibers share a common semicrystalline microstructure, but significant differences are apparent in the amorphous region. Besides, high performance fibers show a ground state and the possibility of tuning their tensile behavior. These properties are characteristic of spider silk and not of natural silkworm silk, despite both regenerated and natural silkworm silk share a common composition different from that of spider silk.

Asistencia técnica e informe final sobre la demolición del gran contrafuerte añadido a la iglesia de Melón en el antiguo claustro del Monasterio (Melón, Ourense)

El monasterio de Santa María de Melón, fundado en el siglo XII, fue abandonado tras la desamortización de Mendizábal en 1835. Las inclemencias del tiempo y el expolio lo han convertido en una ruina. La ruina ha sido consolidada y es visitable gracias a dos intervenciones realizadas en 2003 y 2010, respectivamente. La iglesia, sin embargo, ha continuado en uso hasta la actualidad. La cabecera es románica y siguió una ampliación gótica, que añadió el crucero y las tres naves. Distintas intervenciones se sucedieron hasta el siglo XVI (para una historia detallada del templo, véase Fernández Rodríguez 2010). A finales del siglo XIX por motivos que se desconocen se hundió toda la parte de los pies de la iglesia, esto es, las tres naves desde el crucero hasta los pies. Se desconocen las causas del hundimiento (no podemos estar de acuerdo con la interpretación de Fernández Rodríguez (2010, 45) que atribuye el hundimiento a una tormenta con aparato eléctrico y vendaval). Sea como fuere, con fecha desconocida se decidió dejar la iglesia ápoda, sin naves, y rematarla con un cuerpo de fachada que está formado por dos cubos macizos entre los que se sitúa la fachada y, en el interior, el coro, Figura 1, A y B.. (La bóveda sobre el coro situada entre ellos debió ser reconstruida.) La particularidad más interesante de esta intervención es que buena parte de los restos de la ruina fueron almacenados en dichos cubos a los pies de la iglesia. Esto se puede verificar en el cubo A de la izquierda mirando a través de las ventanas del husillo de la escalera, cegadas al construir el cubo. Se hizo una cata a unos 4 m de altura, desde el coro, al cubo B de la derecha con el mismo resultado. El cubo A tiene un volumen aproximado de 6×5×12 m3 de volumen. El cubo B tiene una planta algo menor y un volumen de 6×4×12 m3. En la hipótesis de que ambos cubos están rellenos hasta su coronación esto daría un volumen de fábrica de unos 600 m3 (esto parece probable a la luz de la información disponible sobre el cubo izquierdo).

Three dimensional (3D) microstructure-based modeling of interfacial decohesion in particle reinforced metal matrix composites

Modeling and prediction of the overall elastic–plastic response and local damage mechanisms in heterogeneous materials, in particular particle reinforced composites, is a very complex problem. Microstructural complexities such as the inhomogeneous spatial distribution of particles, irregular morphology of the particles, and anisotropy in particle orientation after secondary processing, such as extrusion, significantly affect deformation behavior. We have studied the effect of particle/matrix interface debonding in SiC particle reinforced Al alloy matrix composites with (a) actual microstructure consisting of angular SiC particles and (b) idealized ellipsoidal SiC particles. Tensile deformation in SiC particle reinforced Al matrix composites was modeled using actual microstructures reconstructed from serial sectioning approach. Interfacial debonding was modeled using user-defined cohesive zone elements. Modeling with the actual microstructure (versus idealized ellipsoids) has a significant influence on: (a) localized stresses and strains in particle and matrix, and (b) far-field strain at which localized debonding takes place. The angular particles exhibited higher degree of load transfer and are more sensitive to interfacial debonding. Larger decreases in stress are observed in the angular particles, because of the flat surfaces, normal to the loading axis, which bear load. Furthermore, simplification of particle morphology may lead to erroneous results.

Microstructure and mechanical properties degradation at high temperature of tungsten alloys processed by forging

One of the challenges of science and engineering nowadays is to develop new ways to supply energy in a sustainable and ecological mode. The fussion energy could be the final answer but a myriad of problems must be solved previously.