The Threads of Biosystems Engineering

The core concepts, or threads, of Biosystems Engineering (BSEN) are variously understood by those within the discipline, but have never been unequivocally defined due to its early stage of development. This makes communication and teaching difficult compared to other well established engineering subjects. Biosystems Engineering is a field of Engineering which int egrates engineering science and design with applied biological, environmental and agricultural sciences. It represents an evolution of the Agricultural Engineering discipline applied to all living organisms not including biomedical applications. The basic key element for the emerging EU Biosystems Engineering program of studies is to ensure that it offers essential minimum fundamental engine ering knowledge and competences . A core curriculum developed by Erasmus Thematic Networks is used as benchmark for Agr icultural and Biosystems Engineering studies in Europe. The common basis of the core curriculum for the discipline across the Atlantic , including a minimum of competences comprising the Biosystems Engineering core competencies, has been defined by an Atlan tis project , but this needs to be taken further by defining the threads linking courses together. This paper presents a structured approach to define the Threads of BSEN . The definition of the mid-level competences and the associated learning outcomes has been one of the objectives of the Atlantis programme TABE.NET. The mid-level competences and learning outcomes for each of six specializations of BSEN are defined while the domain-specific knowledge to be acquired for each outcome is proposed. Once the proposed definitions are adopted, these threads will be available for global development of the BSEN.

Aplicaciones en las Ciencias de lo artificial

En esta ponencia se restringen las ciencias de lo artificial a los objetos o artefactos compuestos por elementos no vivientes o en los que esta característica se muestra con complejidad controlada. Si se hablase genéricamente de máquinas en lugar de artefactos, sería por referencia a máquinas artificiales, aún cuando en el diseño de éstas se intentase imitar las propiedades de las máquinas naturales (Atlan,79). Es ésta una Hipótesis para delimitar un terreno de trabajo, delimitación que bien sabemos borrosa y transitoria; borrosa como lo es la frontera entre lo vivo y lo no vivo y como lo es el mismo concepto de complejidad? transitoria, como corresponde a la históricamente movediza topografía de la ciencia. Asistimos ahora a un profundo impulso de cambio que se propaga abriendo caminos de comunicación entre los tres estratos de la ciencia: hombre-cultura/vida-naturaleza/física-química, a caballo del paradigma cibernético y sistémico -de "organización"(Morin, 73).