Condiciones ambientales y bienestar. La ventilación

En este breve primer capítulo de la primera monografía sobre conservación de forrajes se quiere poner de manifiesto la gran importancia que en la actualidad tienen los forrajes conservados desde el punto de vista económico, así como desde el punto de vista del manejo de la alimentación del ganado. Asimismo, los forrajes juegan un importante papel en el mantenimiento del suelo agrícola, permitiendo una gran diversidad de rotaciones de cultivo. De alguna forma, el cul- tivo de forrajes contribuye notablemente a lo que se ha venido en denominar “agricultura sostenible”, al permitir conservar una buena estructura del suelo, mejorar la infiltración del agua, evitar la erosión y controlar las plagas de forma natural. No cabe duda que, al igual que todos los alimentos fibrosos que no pueden ser aprovechados directamente por el hombre, gracias a los forrajes cultivados transformamos una enorme cantidad de recursos vegetales en alimentos de origen animal, lo que evidencia la importancia de estos cultivos en la alimentación humana.

Animal performance and meat characteristics in steers reared in intensive conditions fed with different vegetable oils

Enhancing the quality of beef meat is an important goal in terms of improving both the nutritional value for the consumer and the commercial value for producers. The aim of this work was to study the effects of different vegetable oil supplements on growth performance, carcass quality and meat quality in beef steers reared under intensive conditions. A total of 240 Blonde D? Aquitaine steers (average BW = 293.7 ± 38.88 kg) were grouped into 24 batches (10 steers/batch) and were randomly assigned to one of the three dietary treatments (eight batches per treatment), each supplemented with either 4% hydrogenated palm oil (PALM) or fatty acids (FAs) from olive oil (OLI) or soybean oil (SOY). No differences in growth performance or carcass quality were observed. For the meat quality analysis, a steer was randomly selected from each batch and the 6th rib on the left half of the carcass was dissected. PALM meat had the highest percentage of 16:0 ( P< 0.05) and the lowest n-6/n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) ratio ( P< 0.05), OLI had the highest content of t 11-18:1 ( P< 0.01) and c 9,t 11-18:2 ( P< 0.05) and SOY showed the lowest value of monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) ( P< 0.001), the highest percentage of PUFA ( P< 0.01) and a lower index of atherogenicity ( P = 0.07) than PALM. No significant differences in the sensory characteristics of the meat were noted. However, the results of the principal component analysis of meat characteristics enabled meat from those steers that consumed fatty acids from olive oil to be differentiated from that of steers that consumed soybean oil.