2 resultados para Aesthetics
em Universidad Politécnica de Madrid
Resumo:
La energa es ya un tema arquitectnico, pero su incorporacin al proyecto ha sido hasta ahora fundamentalmente tcnica, dando pie a una especie de funcionalismo ecolgico cuyo destino es acaso repetir los errores de los viejos funcionalismos en su confianza de encontrar modos objetivos de transmutar la energa en forma construida, pero sin que en tal proceso parezca haber hueco para mediaciones de tipo esttico. Sin embargo, son precisamente tales mediaciones las que necesitan analizarse para que la adopcin de los temas energticos resulte fructfera en la arquitectura, y asimismo para dar cuenta de otras perspectivas complementarias filosficas, cientficas, artsticas que hoy forman el complejo campo semntico de la energa. Partiendo de la fecha de 1750 que da comienzo simblicamente al proceso de contaminaciones modernas entre la arquitectura y otras disciplinas, esta tesis analiza los diferentes modos con los que proyectos y edificios han expresado literal y analgicamente ciertos temas o ideales energticos, demostrando la existencia de una esttica de la energa en la arquitectura y tambin de una tradicin proyectual e intelectual sostenida en ella. Con este fin, se han seleccionados siete metforas que vinculan tanto tcnica como ideolgicamente a la arquitectura con la energa: la metfora de la mquina, asociada al ideal de movimiento y la autorregulacin; las metforas del arabesco, del cristal y del organismo, afines entre s en su modo de dar cuenta del principio de la morfognesis o energa creadora de la naturaleza; la metfora de la actividad interna de los materiales; la metfora del gradiente, que expresa la condicin trmica y climtica de la arquitectura, y, finalmente, la de la atmsfera que, recogiendo los sentidos anteriores, los actualiza en el contexto de la esttica contempornea. La seleccin de estas siete metforas se ha llevado a cabo despus de un barrido exhaustivo de la bibliografa precedente, y ha estructurado un relato cuyo mtodo combina la perspectiva general que permite cartografiar las continuidades histricas con la cercana que atiende a las problemas especficos de cada tema o metfora, complementndolas con una aproximacin de sesgo iconogrfico cuyo propsito es incidir en los vnculos que se dan entre lo ideolgico y lo morfolgico. El anlisis ha puesto de manifiesto cmo detrs de cada una de estas metforas se oculta un principio ideolgico comn la justificacin de la arquitectura desde planteamientos externos procedentes de la ciencia, la filosofa y el arte, y cmo en cada uno de los casos estudiados las asimilaciones ms fructferas de la energa se han producido segn mecanismos de mmesis analgica que inciden ms en los procesos que en las formas que estos generan, y que en ltimo trmino son de ndole esttica, lo cual constituye un indicio de los mtodos de la arquitectura por venir. ABSTRACT Although it is already an architectural theme, the matter of incorporating energy into projects has up to now been mainly technical, giving rise to a kind of ecological functionalism which may be bound to old funcionalist mistakes in hopes of finding objective ways of transmuting energy into built forms without aesthetic considerations. However, it is precisely such considerations that need to be analyzed if the adoption of energy issues in architecture is to bear fruit and also to account for other complementary perspectives philosophical, scientific, artistic which today form the complex fabric of the energy semantic field. Beginning in 1750 symbolic start of modern contaminations between architecture and other disciplines , this thesis analyzes the different ways in which projects and buildings have literally and analogically expressed certain subjects or ideals on energy, and demonstrates the existence of an aesthetics of energy in architecture, as well as of an intellectual and design tradition based on such aesthetics. For this purpose, seven metaphors are selected to link energy to architecture both technically and ideologically: the machines metaphor, associated with the ideal of mouvement and self-regulation; the arabesque, glass and the organisms metaphors, which account for the morphogenesis principle, i.e. creative energy of nature; the metaphor linked to matter and the ideal of internal activity; the gradients metaphor, which expressed the thermal and climatic condition of architecture, and, finally, that of the atmosphere which, collecting the above meanings, updates them in the context of contemporary aesthetics. The selection of these seven metaphors was carried out after a thorough scan of the preceding literature, and has structured a reasoning that combines the overview method which accounts for historical continuities with the nearby one which meets the specifics problems of each theme or metaphor , both supplemented with an iconographic bias, the purpose of which is to visually express the links existing between the ideological and the morphological. So presented, the analysis shows how, behind each of these metaphors, lies a common ideological principle the justification of architecture from scientific, philosophical and artistic external angles , and how in each of the studied cases the most successful assimilation of energy were those produced by aesthetic mechanisms of analogical mimesis not focused in forms but in processes that generate them: an indication of the methods of architecture to come.
Resumo:
The effects of nature on people's mind have been an active research theme for decades. However, the impact of people's mind on landscape ecological health has received less attention. How and why perception, meanings and mental constructs determine the way nature is valued and consequently managed? How this interplay should be? These are in some cases more relevant questions than knowing what particular landscapes are preferred (Carlson 1993). This was the underlying inquiry in the focus group experience held in a natural protected area in La Rioja (Spain). Participants were asked to locate in a map areas representing low/high quality in terms of ecology and aesthetics. Some relevant conclusions for landscape management were derived from the analysis of participant's discourse in terms of ecological aesthetical appreciation and their consideration about how human takes place in nature.
