Effect of Thermal Relaxation on LSP Induced Residual Stresses and Fatigue Life Enhancement of AISI 316L stainless steel

Effect of Thermal Relaxation on LSP Induced Residual Stresses and Fatigue Life Enhancement of AISI 316L stainless steel

Residual stress distribution in ferritic-austenitic steel joints made by laser welding

The present investigation addresse the influence of laser welding process-ing parameters used for joining dis-similar metals (ferritic to austenitic steel), on the induced residual stress field. Welding was performed on a Nd:YAG laser DY033 (3300 W) in a continuous wave (CW), keyhole mode. The base metals (BM) employed in this study are AISI 1010 carbon steel (CS) and AISI 304L austenitic stainless steel (SS). Pairs of dissimilar plates of 200 mm x 45 mm x 3 mm were butt joined by laser welding. Different sets of parameters were used to engineer the base metals apportionment at joint formation, namely distinct dilution rates. Residual strain scanning, carried out by neutron diffraction was used to assess the joints. Through-thickness residual stress maps were determined for the laser welded samples of dis-similar steels using high spatial reso-lution. As a result, an appropriate set of processing parameters, able to mi-nimize the local tensile residual stress associated to the welding process, was found.

Influencia de la atmósfera de sinterización en las propiedades mecánicas de los aceros P/M AISI 430.LInfluence of sintering atmosphere on the mechanical properties of steel P/M AISI 430L

Se ha estudiado el acero inoxidable pulvimetalúrgico AISI 430L, comparando la sinterización en dos atmósferas diferentes; en vacío, y en una atmósfera que contiene nitrógeno. Se ha desarrollado un tratamiento térmico con objeto de incrementar las propiedades mecánicas, mediante la modificación microestructural de los nitruros complejos de hierro y cromo precipitados durante la etapa de sinterización. Se han evaluado las propiedades físicas y a la vez se ha realizado un análisis microestructural con el fin de relacionar la microestructura con el incremento en las propiedades mecánicas. Influence of sintering atmosphere on the mechanical properties of steel P / M AISI 430L. It has studied the stainless steel powder metallurgy AISI 430L. It has compared the sintering in two different atmospheres; in vacuum, and in an atmosphere containing nitrogen. It has developed a heat treatment with the aim of improving the mechanical properties. This has been done through microstructural modification of complex nitrides of iron and chromium precipitates during the phase of sintering. Physical properties have been evaluated and are been performing a microstructural analysis for microstructure related to the increase in mechanical properties.

Ductilidad del acero inoxidable bajo en níquel para estructuras de hormigón armado / Ductility in a new low nickel stainless steel for reinforced concrete

En este trabajo se presentan los diagramas tensióndeformación de un nuevo acero inoxidable con bajo contenido en níquel, un inoxidable convencional AISI 304 y un acero al carbono de uso común en estructuras de hormigón armado. Dicha ductilidad se ha estudiado determinando la tensión máxima (fmax), la tensión en el límite elástico (fy) y la deformación bajo carga máxima (εmax). Los tres materiales se han evaluado utilizando criterios aceptados internacionalmente, como son el índice p (capacidad de rotación plástica), el índice A* (área plástica de endurecimiento) y el índice de tenacidad Id (energía total absorbida en el punto de alargamiento bajo carga máxima), los resultados obtenidos se han comparado con los aceros convencionales de armaduras 500SD, 500N y 500H (EC-2).

Corrosion behaviour of new duplex stainless steel reinforcements embedded in chloride contaminated concrete

The use of reinforcing stainless steels (SS) in concrete have proved to be one of the most effective methods to guarantee the passivity of reinforced concrete structures exposed to chloride contaminated environment. The present research studies the corrosion behaviour of a new duplex SS reinforcements with low nickel content (LND) (more economicaly compatible) is compared with the conventional austenitic AISI 304 SS and duplex AISI 2304 SS. Corrosion behaviour of ribbed SS reinforcements was studied in mortars with chloride content (0, 0.4, 2 and 4% Cl ⎯ ) using linear polarization resistance and potentiostatic pulses technique, Ecorr and Rp values were monitored over the exposure time. The obtained icorr data for the new duplex stainless steel LND no afforded passivity breakdown after one year exposure

Aluminum slurry coatings to replace cadmium for aeronautic applications

Cadmium has been widely used as a coating to provide protection against galvanic corrosion for steels and for its natural lubricity on threaded applications. However, it is a toxic metal and a known carcinogenic agent, which is plated from an aqueous bath containing cyanide salts. For these reasons, the use of cadmium has been banned in Europe for most industrial applications. However, the aerospace industry is still exempt due to the stringent technical and safety requirements associated with aeronautical applications, as an acceptable replacement is yet to be found. Al slurry coatings have been developed as an alternative to replace cadmium coatings. The coatings were deposited on AISI 4340 steel and have been characterized by optical and electron microscopy. Testing included salt fog corrosion exposure, fluid corrosion exposure (immersion), humidity resistance, coating-substrate and paint-coating adhesion, electric conductivity, galvanic corrosion, embrittlement and fatigue. The results indicated that Al slurry coatings are an excellent alternative for Cd replacement.

Estudio experimental del desgaste del flanco y de la rugosidad superficial en el torneado en seco de alta velocidad del acero AISI 316L

La mejora continua de los procesos de fabricación es fundamental para alcanzar niveles óptimos de productividad, calidad y coste en la producción de componentes y productos. Para ello es necesario disponer de modelos que relacionen de forma precisa las variables que intervienen en el proceso de corte. Esta investigación tiene como objetivo determinar la influencia de la velocidad de corte y el avance en el desgaste del flanco de los insertos de carburos recubiertos GC1115 y GC2015 y en la rugosidad superficial de la pieza mecanizada de la pieza en el torneado de alta velocidad en seco del acero AISI 316L. Se utilizaron entre otros los métodos de observación científica, experimental, medición, inteligencia artificial y estadísticos. El inserto GC1115 consigue el mejor resultado de acuerdo al gráfico de medias y de las ecuaciones de regresión múltiple de desgaste del flanco para v= 350 m/min, mientras que para las restantes velocidades el inserto GC2015 consigue el mejor desempeño. El mejor comportamiento en cuanto a la rugosidad superficial de la pieza mecanizada se obtuvo con el inserto GC1115 en las velocidades de 350 m/min y 400 m/min, en la velocidad de 450 m/min el mejor resultado correspondió al inserto GC2015. Se analizaron dos criterios nuevos, el coeficiente de vida útil de la herramienta de corte en relación al volumen de metal cortado y el coeficiente de rugosidad superficial de la pieza mecanizada en relación al volumen de metal cortado. Fueron determinados los modelos de regresión múltiple que permitieron calcular el tiempo de mecanizado de los insertos sin que alcanzaran el límite del criterio de desgaste del flanco. Los modelos desarrollados fueron evaluados por sus capacidades de predicción con los valores medidos experimentalmente. ABSTRACT The continuous improvement of manufacturing processes is critical to achieving optimal levels of productivity, quality and cost in the production of components and products. This is necessary to have models that accurately relate the variables involved in the cutting process. This research aims to determine the influence of the cutting speed and feed on the flank wear of carbide inserts coated by GC1115 and GC2015 and the surface roughness of the workpiece for turning dry high speed steel AISI 316L. Among various scientific methods this study were used of observation, experiment, measurement, statistical and artificial intelligence. The GC1115 insert gets the best result according to the graph of means and multiple regression equations of flank wear for v = 350 m / min, while for the other speeds the GC2015 insert gets the best performance. Two approaches are discussed, the life ratio of the cutting tool relative to the cut volume and surface roughness coefficient in relation to the cut volume. Multiple regression models were determined to calculate the machining time of the inserts without reaching the limit of the criterion flank wear. The developed models were evaluated for their predictive capabilities with the experimentally measured values.