Fotogrametría de UAV de ala fija y comparación con topografía clásica.

El objetivo de este proyecto es realizar un estudio comparativo utilizando dos procedimientos diferentes para la obtención de mapas y modelos digitales del terreno. Por un lado, realizando un levantamiento de una zona determinada mediante GPS y por otro lado mediante fotogrametría aérea utilizando un vehículo aéreo no tripulado. Dicho estudio surge de la necesidad de obtener cartografía de los elementos que nos rodean y en nuestro caso, como primera toma de contacto, en el empleo de una nueva tecnología. Puesto que este requisito ha existido siempre, es evidente que en cada época el avance de las distintas metodologías y tecnologías para la producción cartográfica es mayor. En la actualidad, una de las técnicas más empleadas es la Fotogrametría. La idea de poder sobrevolar una extensión determinada para obtener imágenes y posteriormente poder recomponer el modelo para obtener la geometría y los elementos de dicha extensión hace que esta técnica sea muy eficaz. Hoy en día, las técnicas siguen avanzando y encontramos en el levantamiento mediante la utilización de vehículos aéreos no tripulados una de las mejores alternativas. Se trata de una herramienta muy potente en la realización de trabajos a grandes escalas (1:1000, 1:500). Comparado con métodos tradicionales, la fotogrametría aérea mediante vehículos aéreos no tripulados ofrece una gran cantidad de ventajas: · Mayor precisión: la alta resolución de las fotos tomadas permite obtener modelos digitales del terreno con mayor nivel de detalle. · Ahorro de tiempo: el levantamiento topográfico se puede completar en cuestión de horas, en comparación a métodos de topografía terrestre y fotogrametría tradicional. · Reducción de costos operativos: ya que levantamiento topográfico toma menos tiempo y menos recursos. · Mejoras en seguridad: el uso de una plataforma UAV puede eliminar o reducir la necesidad de acceder a zonas peligrosas. · Manejo de mayor información: fotografías verticales u oblicuas combinadas, levantamientos topográficos precisos, modelos digitales del terreno y análisis volumétrico. · Facilita la toma de decisiones: basada en información relevante y actualizada.

New data on the specular reflectance of ores (VNIR: 400 - 1000 nm) and their significance for ore microscopy

This work is part of the project CAMEVA for the development of an expert system aimed at the automatic identification of ores [1, 2]. It relies on the measure of their reflectance values, R, on digital images. Software for calibration, acquisition and analysis of the multispectral data was designed by AITEMIN [3]; the research was also assessed by H.J. Bernhardt and E. Pirard [1].

Roadmap towards efficiencies over 40% at ultra-high concentrations (> 1000 suns)

High efficiency solar cells working under ultra-high concentrations (>;1000X) have been shown to be a promising solution to decrease the cost of PV electricity, increase the efficiency and circumvent the material availability restrictions for massive PV penetration. A detailed analysis of the limitations of our current triple junction solar cell (36.2% at 700X), in the quest to maximize efficiency at 1000X, shows that the main improvements to tackle are: a) implementation of a high band gap tunnel junction; b) increase the band gap of the top cell; c) fine current matching tune; d) enhancement of the front contact process. This constitutes our roadmap to reach an efficiency over 41%

Nondestructive quantification of chemical and physical properties of fruits by time-resolved reflectance spectroscopy in the wavelength range 650-1000 nm

Time-resolved reflectance spectroscopy can be used to assess nondestructively the bulk (rather than the superficial) optical properties of highly diffusive media. A fully automated system for time-resolved reflectance spectroscopy was used to evaluate the absorption and the transport scattering spectra of fruits in the red and the near-infrared regions. In particular, data were collected in the range 650-1000 nm from three varieties of apples and from peaches, kiwifruits, and tomatoes. The absorption spectra were usually dominated by the water peak near 970 nm, whereas chlorophyll was detected at 675 nm. For ail species the scattering decreased progressively with increasing wavelength. A best fit to water and chlorophyll absorption line shapes and to Mie theory permitted the estimation of water and chlorophyll content and the average size of scattering centers in the bulls; of intact fruits.

The influence of antiferroelectric compounds on helical pitch of orthoconic W-1000 mixture

The influence of six antiferroelectric compounds on the helical pitch of mixture W-1000, which was reported as long pitch orthoconic antiferroelectric liquid crystalline mixture, was checked by spectrophotometry and polarimetry methods. The electro-optical properties for the mixture with the longest pitch were measured. An improvement in electro-optical response due to the long pitch is reported. The novelty in electro-optical properties is the good symmetry response.

Determination of chromite composition from multispectral reflectance measurements (400-1000 nm)

The relationship between the chemical composition and the multispectral reflectance values of chromite in the VNIR (Visible and Near-Infra-Red) realm is tested and mathematically analysed. Statisticaltools as Pearson's correlation coefficients, linear stepwise regression analysis and least-square adjustments are applied to two populations of data obtained from 14 selected samples 01 chromite multielemental microprobe analysis and multispectral reflectance values (400-1 000 nm). Results show that both data sets correlate, and suggest that the VNIR reflectance spectra can be used as a tool to determine the chemical composition of chromites.